C++ Code Snippet -- 如何监控内存分配和释放情况

如何统计应用中内存的消耗以及内存的泄露问题，可以通过对某个类重载new和delete方法来监控对象的创建和销毁。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>

// 内存分配监控
struct AllocationMetrics {
    uint32_t totalAllocated = 0;
    uint32_t totalFreed = 0;

    uint32_t currentUsage() {
        return totalAllocated - totalFreed;
    }
};

static AllocationMetrics s_AllocationMetrics;

// 待监控的类
class Person {

public:
    int x,y,z;

    // 重载new方法
    void *operator new(size_t size) {
        std::cout << "分配了" << size << "bytes\n" << std::endl;
        s_AllocationMetrics.totalAllocated += size;
        return malloc(size);
    }

    // 重载delete方法
    void operator delete(void *memory, size_t size) {
        std::cout << "释放了" << size << std::endl;
        s_AllocationMetrics.totalFreed += size;
        free(memory);
    }

};

static void printMemoryUsage() {
    std::cout << "Memory Usage: " << s_AllocationMetrics.currentUsage() << std::endl;
}


int main() {
    printMemoryUsage();
    {
        std::unique_ptr<Person> personPtr = std::make_unique<Person>();
    }
    printMemoryUsage();
    Person* person1 = new Person();
    printMemoryUsage();
    Person* person2 = new Person();
    printMemoryUsage();

    delete person1;
    printMemoryUsage();

    return 0;
}