(4条消息) 建一栋房子总共分几步?建造者模式告诉你答案!_冯Jungle的个人博客-CSDN博客
建造者模式结构
建造者模式的结构包含以下几个角色:
- 抽象建造者(AbstractBuilder) :创建一个Product对象的各个部件指定的抽象接口;
- 具体建造者(ConcreteBuilder) :实现AbstractBuilder的接口,实现各个部件的具体构造方法和装配方法,并返回创建结果。
- 产品(Product) :具体的产品对象
- 指挥者(Director) : 构建一个使用Builder接口的对象,安排复杂对象的构建过程,客户端一般只需要与Director交互,指定建造者类型,然后通过构造函数或者setter方法将具体建造者对象传入Director。它主要作用是:隔离客户与对象的生产过程,并负责控制产品对象的生产过程。
建造者模式UML类图如下:
3.建造者模式代码实例
考虑这样一个场景,如下图:
Jungle想要建造一栋简易的房子(地板、墙和天花板),两个工程师带着各自的方案找上门来,直接给Jungle看方案和效果图。犹豫再三,Jungle最终选定了一位工程师……交房之日,Jungle满意的看着建好的房子,开始思考:这房子究竟是怎么建成的呢?这地板、墙和天花板是怎么建造的呢?工程师笑着说:“It's none of your business”
UML图如下:
//产品类House
class House
{
public:
House(){}
void setFloor(string iFloor){
this->floor = iFloor;
}
void setWall(string iWall){
this->wall = iWall;
}
void setRoof(string iRoof){
this->roof = iRoof;
}
//打印House信息
void printfHouseInfo(){
printf("Floor:%s\t\n", this->floor.c_str());
printf("Wall:%s\t\n", this->wall.c_str());
printf("Roof:%s\t\n", this->roof.c_str());
}
private:
string floor;
string wall;
string roof;
};
//抽象建造者AbstractBall
class AbstractBuilder
{
public:
AbstractBuilder(){
house = new House();
}
//抽象方法:
virtual void buildFloor() = 0;
virtual void buildWall() = 0;
virtual void buildRoof() = 0;
virtual House *getHouse() = 0;
House *house;
};
//具体建造者ConcreteBuilderA
class ConcreteBuilderA :public AbstractBuilder
{
public:
ConcreteBuilderA(){
printf("ConcreteBuilderA\n");
}
//具体实现方法
void buildFloor(){
this->house->setFloor("Floor_A");
}
void buildWall(){
this->house->setWall("Wall_A");
}
void buildRoof(){
this->house->setRoof("Roof_A");
}
House *getHouse(){
return this->house;
}
};
//具体建造者ConcreteBuilderB
class ConcreteBuilderB :public AbstractBuilder
{
public:
ConcreteBuilderB(){
printf("ConcreteBuilderB\n");
}
//具体实现方法
void buildFloor(){
this->house->setFloor("Floor_B");
}
void buildWall(){
this->house->setWall("Wall_B");
}
void buildRoof(){
this->house->setRoof("Roof_B");
}
House *getHouse(){
return this->house;
}
};
//指挥者Director
class Director
{
public:
Director(){}
//具体实现方法
void setBuilder(AbstractBuilder *iBuilder){
this->builder = iBuilder;
}
//封装组装流程,返回建造结果
House *construct(){
builder->buildFloor();
builder->buildWall();
builder->buildRoof();
return builder->getHouse();
}
private:
AbstractBuilder *builder;
};
客户端代码示例
#include "BuilderPattern.h"
int main()
{
//抽象建造者
AbstractBuilder *builder;
//指挥者
Director *director = new Director();
//产品:House
House *house;
//指定具体建造者A
builder = new ConcreteBuilderA();
director->setBuilder(builder);
house = director->construct();
house->printfHouseInfo();
//指定具体建造者B
builder = new ConcreteBuilderB();
director->setBuilder(builder);
house = director->construct();
house->printfHouseInfo();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
- 效果