Effective Java（第3版）中英文对照

Effective Java（第3版）各章节的中英文对照

目录（Contents）

• Chapter 2. Creating and Destroying Objects（创建和销毁对象）
  • Chapter 2 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors（考虑静态工厂方法而不是构造函数）
  • Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters（在面对多个构造函数参数时，请考虑构建器）
  • Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type（使用私有构造函数或枚举类型执行单例属性）
  • Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor（用私有构造函数执行非实例化）
  • Item 5: Prefer dependency injection to hardwiring resources（依赖注入优于硬连接资源）
  • Item 6: Avoid creating unnecessary objects（避免创建不必要的对象）
  • Item 7: Eliminate obsolete object references（排除过时的对象引用）
  • Item 8: Avoid finalizers and cleaners（避免使用终结器和清除器）
  • Item 9: Prefer try with resources to try finally（使用try-with-resources优于try-finally）
• Chapter 3. Methods Common to All Objects（对象的通用方法）
  • Chapter 3 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 10: Obey the general contract when overriding equals（重写equals方法时应遵守的约定）
  • Item 11: Always override hashCode when you override equals（当重写equals时，也重写hashCode）
  • Item 12: Always override toString（总是重写toString方法）
  • Item 13: Override clone judiciously（明智地重写clone方法）
  • Item 14: Consider implementing Comparable
• Chapter 4. Classes and Interfaces（类和接口）
  • Chapter 4 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 15: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members（尽量减少类和成员的可访问性）
  • Item 16: In public classes use accessor methods not public fields（在公共类中，使用访问器方法，而不是公共字段）
  • Item 17: Minimize mutability（减少可变性）
  • Item 18: Favor composition over inheritance（优先选择复合而不是继承）
  • Item 19: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it（继承要设计良好并且具有文档，否则禁止使用）
  • Item 20: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes（接口优于抽象类）
  • Item 21: Design interfaces for posterity（为后代设计接口）
  • Item 22: Use interfaces only to define types（接口只用于定义类型）
  • Item 23: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes（类层次结构优于带标签的类）
  • Item 24: Favor static member classes over nonstatic（支持使用静态成员类而不是非静态类）
  • Item 25: Limit source files to a single top level class（源文件仅限有单个顶层类）
• Chapter 5. Generics（泛型）
  • Chapter 5 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 26: Do not use raw types（不要使用原始类型）
  • Item 27: Eliminate unchecked warnings（消除unchecked警告）
  • Item 28: Prefer lists to arrays（列表优于数组）
  • Item 29: Favor generic types（优先使用泛型）
  • Item 30: Favor generic methods
  • Item 31: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility
  • Item 32: Combine generics and varargs judiciously
  • Item 33: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers
• Chapter 6. Enums and Annotations（枚举和注释）
  • Chapter 6 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 34: Use enums instead of int constants
  • Item 35: Use instance fields instead of ordinals
  • Item 36: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields
  • Item 37: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing
  • Item 38: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces
  • Item 39: Prefer annotations to naming patterns
  • Item 40: Consistently use the Override annotation
  • Item 41: Use marker interfaces to define types
• Chapter 7. Lambdas and Streams（λ表达式和流）
  • Chapter 7 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 42: Prefer lambdas to anonymous classes
  • Item 43: Prefer method references to lambdas
  • Item 44: Favor the use of standard functional interfaces
  • Item 45: Use streams judiciously
  • Item 46: Prefer side effect free functions in streams
  • Item 47: Prefer Collection to Stream as a return type
  • Item 48: Use caution when making streams parallel
• Chapter 8. Methods（方法）
  • Chapter 8 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 49: Check parameters for validity
  • Item 50: Make defensive copies when needed
  • Item 51: Design method signatures carefully
  • Item 52: Use overloading judiciously
  • Item 53: Use varargs judiciously
  • Item 54: Return empty collections or arrays not nulls
  • Item 55: Return optionals judiciously
  • Item 56: Write doc comments for all exposed API elements
• Chapter 9. General Programming（泛型编程）
  • Chapter 9 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 57: Minimize the scope of local variables
  • Item 58: Prefer for each loops to traditional for loops
  • Item 59: Know and use the libraries
  • Item 60: Avoid float and double if exact answers are required
  • Item 61: Prefer primitive types to boxed primitives
  • Item 62: Avoid strings where other types are more appropriate
  • Item 63: Beware the performance of string concatenation
  • Item 64: Refer to objects by their interfaces
  • Item 65: Prefer interfaces to reflection
  • Item 66: Use native methods judiciously
  • Item 67: Optimize judiciously
  • Item 68: Adhere to generally accepted naming conventions
• Chapter 10. Exceptions（异常）
  • Chapter 10 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 69: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions
  • Item 70: Use checked exceptions for recoverable conditions and runtime exceptions for programming errors
  • Item 71: Avoid unnecessary use of checked exceptions
  • Item 72: Favor the use of standard exceptions
  • Item 73: Throw exceptions appropriate to the abstraction
  • Item 74: Document all exceptions thrown by each method
  • Item 75: Include failure capture information in detail messages
  • Item 76: Strive for failure atomicity
  • Item 77: Don’t ignore exceptions
• Chapter 11. Concurrency（并发）
  • Chapter 11 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 78: Synchronize access to shared mutable data
  • Item 79: Avoid excessive synchronization
  • Item 80: Prefer executors, tasks, and streams to threads
  • Item 81: Prefer concurrency utilities to wait and notify
  • Item 82: Document thread safety
  • Item 83: Use lazy initialization judiciously
  • Item 84: Don’t depend on the thread scheduler
• Chapter 12. Serialization（序列化）
  • Chapter 12 Introduction（章节介绍）
  • Item 85: Prefer alternatives to Java serialization
  • Item 86: Implement Serializable with great caution
  • Item 87: Consider using a custom serialized form
  • Item 88: Write readObject methods defensively
  • Item 89: For instance control prefer enum types to readResolve
  • Item 90: Consider serialization proxies instead of serialized instances