一、什么是动静分离
所谓动静分离就是通过nginx(或apache等)来处理用户端请求的图片、html等静态的文件,tomcat(或weblogic)处理jsp、do等动态文件,从而达到动静页面访问时通过不同的容器来处理。
nginx处理静态页面效率远高于tomcat,而tomcat擅长动态页面处理,这样一来就能更好的提高并发,处理性能。
二、结构图

三、安装Nginx
从Nginx官网nginx.org/下载最新的版本:

其中,mainline是主线版,stable是稳定版,这里选择稳定版进行下载,下载下来之后,解压如下:

点击nginx.exe运行Nginx,然后访问localhost,出现如下的页面

四、安装、配置Tomcat
首先要安装JDK,至于如何安装,百度一搜就出来,安装好JDK之后,安装Tomcat,去官网tomcat.apache.org/index.html下载最新的Tomcat进行安装:

选择Tomcat9

选择Core进行,下载下来之后,解压如下:

然后运行bin目录下的startup.bat启动tomcat

运行成功后访问localhost:8080

然后在webapp目录下新建一个Nginx目录并在该目录下创建一个index.jsp和一个img目录,如下所示:

index.jsp文件中的内容如下:
[html] view plain copy print?
- <%@ page language="java" contentType= "text/html; charset=utf-8"
- pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <body>
- <h2>Nginx动静分离</h2>
- <%
- out.println("["+request.getLocalAddr()+":" +request.getLocalPort()+"]" + "<br/>session id:" + session.getId());
- %>
- <br/>
- <img alt="图片" src= "/Nginx/img/1.jpg" style="width:300px;height:300px">
- </body>
- </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<body>
<h2>Nginx动静分离</h2>
<%
out.println("["+request.getLocalAddr()+":" +request.getLocalPort()+"]" + "<br/>session id:" + session.getId());
%>
<br/>
<img alt="图片" src="/Nginx/img/1.jpg" style="width:300px;height:300px">
</body>
</html>
然后访问: http://localhost:8080/Nginx/

五·、配置Nginx动静分离
修改nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件为如下所示:
[html] view plain copy print?
- #user nobody;
- worker_processes 2;
- #error_log logs/error.log;
- #error_log logs/error.log notice;
- #error_log logs/error.log info;
- #pid logs/nginx.pid;
- events {
- worker_connections 1024;
- }
- http{
- #access日志存放地址
- access_log G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/logs/access.log;
- #配置代理
- upstream mynginx{
- server 127.0.0.1:8080;
- }
- server{
- listen 80;
- server_name 127.0.0.1;
- charset utf-8; #设置编码为utf-8;
- location / {
- root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
- index index.html index.htm;
- }
- # 所有动态请求都转发给tomcat处理
- location ~ \.(jsp|do)$ {
- proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
- proxy_pass http://mynginx;
- }
- #静态文件交给nginx处理
- location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
- {
- root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
- }
- #静态文件交给nginx处理
- location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
- {
- root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
- }
- error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
- location = /50x.html {
- root html;
- }
- }
- }
#user nobody;
worker_processes 2;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http{
#access日志存放地址
access_log G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/logs/access.log;
#配置代理
upstream mynginx{
server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name 127.0.0.1;
charset utf-8; #设置编码为utf-8;
location / {
root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
index index.html index.htm;
}
# 所有动态请求都转发给tomcat处理
location ~ \.(jsp|do)$ {
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_pass http://mynginx;
}
#静态文件交给nginx处理
location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
{
root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
}
#静态文件交给nginx处理
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
root G:/Developer/nginx-1.12.1-jsp/webapps;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
然后通以下命令重启nginx
[html] view plain copy print?
- .\nginx.exe -s reload
.\nginx.exe -s reload通过nginx访问tomcat

可以访问,说明配置的nginx生效了,但是图片没有显示,这是由于静态的文件交由nginx处理了,所以在上面配置的路径下新建文件夹:Nginx/img,然后把图片复制到该目录下就行了

然后从新访问该地址,就能成功的显示了!
