ESP32/ESP8266开发板单向多对一ESP-NOW无线通信

简介

本实验通过ESP-NOW无线通信协议实现多个ESP32/ESP 8266开发板向ESP32开发板发送数据。例如可以应用于从多个远程传感器上收集数据。

读取ESP32/ESP8266接收方Receiver的MAC地址

读取ESP32开发板的代码

#ifdef ESP32
  #include <WiFi.h>
  #include <esp_wifi.h>
#else
  #include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#endif

void setup(){
  Serial.begin(115200);

  Serial.print("ESP Board MAC Address: ");
  #ifdef ESP32
    WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
    WiFi.STA.begin();
    uint8_t baseMac[6];
    esp_err_t ret = esp_wifi_get_mac(WIFI_IF_STA, baseMac);
    if (ret == ESP_OK) {
      Serial.printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
                    baseMac[0], baseMac[1], baseMac[2],
                    baseMac[3], baseMac[4], baseMac[5]);
    } else {
      Serial.println("Failed to read MAC address");
    }
  #else
    Serial.println(WiFi.macAddress());
  #endif
}
 
void loop(){

}

通过串口打印读取到接收方ESP32开发板1的MAC地址为：54:43:b2:7f:00:60

ESP32/ESP8266发送方Sender程序

把读取到的接收方的MAC地址填入到uint8_t broadcastAddress[]数组中，并修改结构体的中myData.id的值，ESP32开发板1程序中填入myData.id = 1，ESP32开发板2程序中填入myData.id = 2，ESP32开发板3程序中填入myData.id = 3，接收方以此来分辨是哪一个ESP32开发板发过来的数据。

#include <esp_now.h>
#include <WiFi.h>

// REPLACE WITH THE RECEIVER'S MAC Address
uint8_t broadcastAddress[] = {0x54, 0x43, 0xb2, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x60};

// Structure example to send data
// Must match the receiver structure
typedef struct struct_message {
    int id; // must be unique for each sender board
    int x;
    int y;
} struct_message;

// Create a struct_message called myData
struct_message myData;

// Create peer interface
esp_now_peer_info_t peerInfo;

// callback when data is sent
void OnDataSent(const uint8_t *mac_addr, esp_now_send_status_t status) {
  Serial.print("\r\nLast Packet Send Status:\t");
  Serial.println(status == ESP_NOW_SEND_SUCCESS ? "Delivery Success" : "Delivery Fail");
}
 
void setup() {
  // Init Serial Monitor
  Serial.begin(115200);

  // Set device as a Wi-Fi Station
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);

  // Init ESP-NOW
  if (esp_now_init() != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.println("Error initializing ESP-NOW");
    return;
  }

  // Once ESPNow is successfully Init, we will register for Send CB to
  // get the status of Trasnmitted packet
  esp_now_register_send_cb(OnDataSent);
  
  // Register peer
  memcpy(peerInfo.peer_addr, broadcastAddress, 6);
  peerInfo.channel = 0;  
  peerInfo.encrypt = false;
  
  // Add peer        
  if (esp_now_add_peer(&peerInfo) != ESP_OK){
    Serial.println("Failed to add peer");
    return;
  }
}
 
void loop() {
  // Set values to send
  myData.id = 1;
  myData.x = random(0,50);
  myData.y = random(0,50);

  // Send message via ESP-NOW
  esp_err_t result = esp_now_send(broadcastAddress, (uint8_t *) &myData, sizeof(myData));
   
  if (result == ESP_OK) {
    Serial.println("Sent with success");
  }
  else {
    Serial.println("Error sending the data");
  }
  delay(10000);
}

ESP32/ESP8266接收方Receiver程序

#include <esp_now.h>
#include <WiFi.h>

// Structure example to receive data
// Must match the sender structure
typedef struct struct_message {
  int id;
  int x;
  int y;
}struct_message;

// Create a struct_message called myData
struct_message myData;

// Create a structure to hold the readings from each board
struct_message board1;
struct_message board2;
struct_message board3;

// Create an array with all the structures
struct_message boardsStruct[3] = {board1, board2, board3};

// callback function that will be executed when data is received
void OnDataRecv(const uint8_t * mac_addr, const uint8_t *incomingData, int len) {
  char macStr[18];
  Serial.print("Packet received from: ");
  snprintf(macStr, sizeof(macStr), "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
           mac_addr[0], mac_addr[1], mac_addr[2], mac_addr[3], mac_addr[4], mac_addr[5]);
  Serial.println(macStr);
  memcpy(&myData, incomingData, sizeof(myData));
  Serial.printf("Board ID %u: %u bytes\n", myData.id, len);
  // Update the structures with the new incoming data
  boardsStruct[myData.id-1].x = myData.x;
  boardsStruct[myData.id-1].y = myData.y;
  Serial.printf("x value: %d \n", boardsStruct[myData.id-1].x);
  Serial.printf("y value: %d \n", boardsStruct[myData.id-1].y);
  Serial.println();
}
 
void setup() {
  //Initialize Serial Monitor
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  //Set device as a Wi-Fi Station
  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);

  //Init ESP-NOW
  if (esp_now_init() != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.println("Error initializing ESP-NOW");
    return;
  }
  
  // Once ESPNow is successfully Init, we will register for recv CB to
  // get recv packer info
  esp_now_register_recv_cb(esp_now_recv_cb_t(OnDataRecv));
}
 
void loop() {
  // Acess the variables for each board
  /*int board1X = boardsStruct[0].x;
  int board1Y = boardsStruct[0].y;
  int board2X = boardsStruct[1].x;
  int board2Y = boardsStruct[1].y;
  int board3X = boardsStruct[2].x;
  int board3Y = boardsStruct[2].y;*/

  delay(10000);  
}

ESP-NOW通信验证

分别给左边的3个ESP32开发板下载好发送方Sender程序，给右边的ESP32开发板下载好接收方Receiver程序 若接收方接收到数据串口会打印出接收到对应的ESP32开发板的ID号和ESP32开发板的两个随机数

若发送方数据发送成功串口会打印出数据发送完成，数据接收成功

若发送方数据发送成功串口会打印出数据发送完成，数据接收失败

总结

通过以上例程验证了ESP32开发板之间单向多对一的ESP-NOW无线通信。