用 chatgpt 学习英语 88/n C16T3L3 Diet and Obesity presentation (饮食和肥胖)

VincentHe
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剑雅 16 Test 2 Listening 3 Diet and Obesity presentation (C16T3L3) (饮食和肥胖) 复盘

Section 3 Diet and Obesity presentation (C16T3L3)

Listen 3

第 21-22 题：多选题 - 实验细节 (Experiment details)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • Adam, experiment, artificial sweeteners
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • subjects were unaware (D) -> people didn't know which drink I was giving them
    • large sample (C) -> I had so many people doing it
    • results were what he had predicted (干扰项 A) -> I hadn't thought they would be able to (逻辑取反)
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 5："It took me ages to decide exactly how I'd organise it, especially how I could make sure that people didn't know which drink I was giving them."
    • Sentence 6："It was hard to keep track of it all, especially as I had so many people doing it – I had to make sure I kept a proper record of what each person had had."
    • Sentence 8："Yeah – I hadn't thought they would be able to, but most people could."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 你的错误 (选 A)：这在 5.5 分段非常常见，听到 thought 或 predicted 相关词就选了。但请注意 Sentence 8 中的 hadn't thought，这是明确的否定预期，说明结果出乎意料，排除 A。
    • 遗漏 D：D 选项的 unaware 对应原文的 didn't know。这是最基础的同义替换，一定要积累。你复盘中提到没进入状态，不知道是关于真假糖的实验，其实 Sentence 3 和 4 都在铺垫这个背景。
    • 教练建议：多选题听到一个选项后，千万别停笔，继续听连接词。Sentence 6 紧接着 Sentence 5 出现了另一个答案。

第 23-24 题：多选题 - 实验问题 (Problems measuring fat content)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • problems, Rosie, measuring fat content, nuts
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • grind ... finely enough (C) -> ground up ... more than I did
    • scales ... unsuitable (E) -> scales for weighing ... weren't accurate enough
    • information ... incorrect (干扰项 D) -> reckon the package information was right (逻辑取反)
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 12："But I reckon the package information was right."
    • Sentence 13："I think I should probably have ground up the nuts more than I did."
    • Sentence 14："It's possible that the scales for weighing the fat weren't accurate enough, too."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 词汇盲点 (关键！)：你复盘中提到没听懂 reckon，导致错选 D。
      • Reckon = Think/Believe (认为)。Rosie 说 "I reckon... was right"，意思是她认为包装是对的（错的是她自己的实验），所以直接排除 D。
      • 不规则动词：Grind (磨碎) 的过去分词是 Ground。你在 Sentence 10 听到 ground up 可能没反应过来是“磨碎”的意思，导致没选 C。
    • 逻辑陷阱：Sentence 11 说结果 problematic，看起来包装数值低，但紧接着 Sentence 12 用 But 进行了自我纠正。雅思听力中，But 之后的信息往往才是真相。

第 25 题：单选题 - 餐厅建议 (Restaurants suggestions)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • Adam suggests, restaurants, reduce obesity, menus
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • organised in a particular way -> put the low-calorie items at the beginning and end
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 19："So, if you put the low-calorie items at the beginning and end of the menu, people will probably go for the food with fewer calories, without even realising what they're doing."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 这题你做对了。核心在于将具体的“放在开头和结尾”概括为抽象的“特定的组织方式(organised in a particular way)”。这是雅思 7 分段必备的**“上下义词”归纳能力**。

第 26 题：单选题 - 食品制造商 (Food manufacturers)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • manufacturers, deliberately
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • deliberately -> on purpose
    • hard to understand -> confusing
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 22："Well, when manufacturers put calorie counts of a food on the label, they're sometimes really confusing and I suspect they do it on purpose."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 词汇积累：Deliberately = On purpose (故意地)。这是雅思听力中的高频同义替换对，必须背下来。
    • 题目顺序：原文先说了 confusing (对应 A 的 hard to understand)，后说了 on purpose (对应题干 deliberately)。这是典型的倒置结构。

第 27 题：单选题 - 锻炼水平 (Levels of exercise)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • Rosie, levels of exercise, England
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • overestimate how much they do -> say they do this vs objectively measure ... only 6% ... do
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 29："Now when you ask them, about 40% of men and 30% of women say they do this, but when you objectively measure the amount of walking they do with motion sensors, you find that only 6% of men and 4% of women do the recommended amount of exercise."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 这题考的是对数据的理解。原文没有直接说 "overestimate" 这个词，而是通过对比“声称的数据(40%/30%)”和“实际的数据(6%/4%)”来体现人们高估了自己的运动量。
    • 避坑：听到一堆数字不要慌，重点听数字背后的对比逻辑 (say vs. objectively measure)。

第 28 题：单选题 - 楼梯案例 (Stairs example)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • Adam, location and width of stairs, train station, illustrate
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • practical changes that can influence people's behaviour -> influenced by minor modifications in their environment
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 35："It's an unconscious process and influenced by minor modifications in their environment."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • illustrate (阐述/说明) 意味着你要找这个例子背后的总结性观点。Sentence 35 是对前面楼梯例子的总结。
    • minor modifications (细微的修改) 对应选项中的 practical changes。

第 29 题：单选题 - 关于锻炼内容的决定 (Include reference to exercise)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • agree, exercise, presentation
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • leave it out -> not sure if we should be talking about... / need to focus on ... nutrition
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 37："Yes. But actually, I'm not sure if we should be talking about exercise in our presentation."
    • Sentence 39："I know, but it's going to mean we have a very wide focus, and our tutor did say that we need to focus on causes and solutions in terms of nutrition."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 你的疑惑：你复盘说不确定 leave it out (省去/不包含) 的意思，且听到后面好像又推翻了。
    • 逻辑链条：Adam 提出质疑 (S37) -> Rosie 反驳说读了很多资料 (S38) -> Adam 搬出导师的要求 (S39) -> Rosie 妥协同意 (S40 "I suppose so") -> 结论：只讲营养，不讲运动。
    • 干扰项 B：原文 S38 提到了 reading，但那是过去时 we've done，不是 B 选项建议的 future action (need to do more research)。

第 30 题：单选题 - 下一步做什么 (What to do next)

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)：
    • next
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)：
    • decide on its content and organisation -> think about what we're going to include and what will go where
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)：
    • Sentence 44："Let's think about what we're going to include and what will go where."
    • Sentence 45："Then we can decide what slides we need."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南：
    • 时序陷阱：你复盘中提到听到了 slides。请注意 Sentence 45 开头的 Then (然后)。
    • 这里的顺序是：先决定内容 (content/what include) 和结构 (organisation/what go where) -> 然后再做幻灯片 (slides)。
    • 题目问的是 next (紧接着这一步)，所以是 content，而不是 slides。雅思非常喜欢用 Then, After that 来考查先后顺序。

雅思听力核心词汇精讲笔记 (C16T3L3)

Obesity

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：健康讲座 (Section 4)、写作 (Task 2)
  • 拼写易错点：中间是 s 不是 c。
  • 语法点：通常作为不可数名词使用。不可以说 an obesity，但可以说 types of obesity。
词性单词
名词obesity (肥胖症)
形容词obese (肥胖的)

实际应用： "Doctors are worried about the rising rate of obesity among teenagers."

Modifications

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：学术讨论 (Section 3)
  • 听力陷阱：单复数。听到 changes 或 adjustments 等复数同义词时，答案往往也是复数 modifications。
听力原文 (同义替换)答案填写
"make some slight adjustments"modifications
"change the design"modification (少见) / modifications

实际应用： "The design needs some slight modifications before it can be approved."

Overestimate

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：项目回顾、数据分析
  • 逻辑判断：
    • 预测值 > 实际值 = overestimate (高估)
    • 预测值 < 实际值 = underestimate (低估)
单词含义例句情境
overestimate高估以为要3个月，实际只用了1个月
underestimate低估以为很容易，结果很难

实际应用： "We tend to overestimate what we can do in a day, but underestimate what we can do in a year."

Reckon

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ (口语/听力)
  • 场景：Section 1/3 (表达观点)
  • 使用禁忌：口语 (Speaking) 可以大胆用，显得地道；写作 (Writing) 绝对禁止，太随意。
场景推荐用词
口语 (Informal)I reckon, I guess
写作 (Academic)I believe, I argue, It is suggested that

实际应用： (Speaking) "I reckon the library is closed on Sundays."

Escalator

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：地图题 (方位设施)
  • 同义替换：原文可能说 moving stairs。
  • 拼写助记：它是机器，比较冷酷，结尾是 or 不是 er（对比 doctor, actor）。
设施名称含义
Escalator自动扶梯/滚梯
Elevator / Lift垂直升降电梯
Stairs普通楼梯

实际应用： "Take the escalator to the second floor."

Artificial

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：食品科技、AI
  • 拼写易错点：结尾是 -cial (如 special)，中间是 -fi-。
搭配含义
artificial sweeteners人造甜味剂/代糖
artificial intelligence人工智能
natural(反义词) 天然的

实际应用： "These drinks contain artificial colors and flavors."

Problematic

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：学术评价 (Section 3)、写作
  • 词汇升级：用于替换简单的 have problems，提升语言的学术性 (7分+)。
分数段表达方式侧重点
Band 5-6"The software has problems."强调拥有毛病
Band 7+"The software is problematic."强调其性质令人困扰

实际应用： "The lack of data made the research results problematic."

Objectively

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：研究方法、媒体分析
  • 助记法：Object (物体) 是存在的 → 客观的；Subject (主体/我) 是个人的 → 主观的。
单词性质依据
Objectively (客观地)Fact (事实)数据、历史记录
Subjectively (主观地)Opinion (观点)个人喜好、感觉

实际应用： "We need to analyze the performance data objectively, ignoring our personal feelings."

In terms of

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：所有 Section (话题转换路标)
  • 听力策略：听到这个短语，意味着话题/考点转换。后面紧跟的名词通常对应题干关键词。
同义表达语气
about / regarding通用/简单
in terms of学术/正式/强调

实际应用： "The car is great in terms of speed, but expensive in terms of maintenance."

Unaware

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：解释原因/误解
  • 含义辨析：侧重于“没意识到”，常带有疏忽的意味，不同于单纯的“知识盲区”。
短语含义
be unaware of没意识到/不清楚 (Excuse)
don't know不知道 (Fact)

实际应用： "I was completely unaware of the new regulations until you told me."

Grind

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：生产流程图 (Section 4)
  • 变形陷阱：极高频考点。不要自己造词 grinded。
时态动词形式易混淆项
现/原grind/
过/分ground容易听成“地面”

实际应用： "First, the coffee beans are ground into fine powder."

Keep track of

  • 核心程度：⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
  • 场景：日常对话、学术管理
  • 含义：记录、掌握动态、不跟丢。
短语含义
keep track of记录/跟进
lose track of失去联系/忘记/跟丢

实际应用： "It was hard to keep track of all the participants in the experiment." "Sorry, I lost track of time."

⚡ The Ultimate Sentence (终极例句)

"I reckon that we often overestimate the benefits of dietary modifications —like using artificial sweeteners to fight obesity— because it is problematic to objectively keep track of subjects who are unaware of their daily habits, such as whether they take the escalator instead of walking or how they grind their own food in terms of preparation."

📝 中文译文

“我认为，我们往往高估了饮食改良（比如使用人工代糖来对抗肥胖）的好处，因为想要客观地****记录那些对自己的日常习惯（比如是坐扶梯还是走路，或者就食物准备而言是如何研磨食物的）毫无意识的受试者，是十分**困难（有问题）**的。”

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