用 chatgpt 学习英语 80/n C18T3L4 Space Traffic Management

11 阅读13分钟

banner

剑雅 18 Test 3 Listening 4 (C18T3L4) Space Traffic Management 复盘

Listen 4

Listen 4 Space Traffic Management

第 31 题:并列逻辑与词性预判

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • legal and _____ ways of improving safety
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • ways -> measures / systems
    • legal -> legal (原词重现)
    • improving safety -> prevent the danger of collisions / prevent such accidents
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 6: "In order to do this, we’d need to have a set of legal measures, and we’d also have to develop the technical systems to enable us to prevent such accidents."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:这道题是典型的“并列关系”考点。题干中看到 legal and _____,预判空格处需要填一个与 legal(法律的)并列的形容词。原文中听到 legal measures 后,紧接着出现了 and ... also,引出答案 technical
    • 干扰陷阱:无明显干扰,主要考查对 and also 连接词的捕捉速度。
    • 提分建议:注意听 andalsoas well as 等并列连词,它们往往是答案出现的信号。

第 32 题:因果逻辑与指代陷阱

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • Satellites are now quite _____ and therefore more widespread
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • quite -> relatively
    • therefore -> meaning that...
    • widespread -> more people can afford to put them into space
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 9: "Well, for one thing, satellites are relatively cheap these days, compared with how they were in the past, meaning that more people can afford to put them into space."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干中的 therefore 提示了因果关系:因为 [32],所以更广泛/更多。原文说卫星相对 cheap(便宜),meaning that(意味着/导致)更多人能负担得起。
    • 错题分析 (User: crowded):你填了 crowded,这是一个经典的主语错位陷阱。原文 Sentence 11 确实提到了 space is getting more crowded,但请注意,crowded 形容的是 Space(空间),而题干的主语是 Satellites(卫星)。卫星本身是“便宜的”,导致了空间是“拥挤的”。
    • 提分建议:填空前一定要看清主语是谁!不要听到一个符合语境的词就抓取,要确认它修饰的对象是否匹配。

第 33 题:量词短语听写

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • constellations made up of _____ of satellites
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • made up of -> consisting of
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 10: "So there’s a lot more of them out there, and people aren’t just launching single satellites but whole constellations, consisting of thousands of them designed to work together."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:原文 consisting of 完美对应题干 made up of。听到这个短语后,直接抓取后面的量词 thousands
    • 注意事项thousands 必须加 s,因为后面有 of。如果是具体数字(如 3 thousand),则不加 s,但这里是模糊数量“成千上万”。
    • 提分建议:对 consist ofcompose ofcomprisemake up of 这组同义替换要形成条件反射。

第 34 题:否定逻辑与被动语态

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • not required to transmit information to help with their _____
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • not required -> doesn't have to
    • transmit -> send back
    • help with -> allow
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 12: "But in spite of this, one thing you may be surprised to learn is that you can launch a satellite into space and, once it’s out there, it doesn’t have to send back any information to Earth to allow its identification."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干 not required 对应原文 doesn't have to。原文 allow its identification 对应题干 help with their identification
    • 拼写提示identification 是长难词,注意不要拼错。
    • 提分建议:听到否定词(not, never, hardly)时要瞬间提高警惕,答案往往紧随其后。

第 35 题:否定替换与数量逻辑

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • few systems for _____ satellites
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • few systems -> don't have anything like enough proper ways (没有足够的系统)
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 13: "So while we have international systems for ensuring we know where the planes in our skies are... at present we don’t have anything like enough proper ways of tracking them."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干用 few(很少/几乎没有)来表示否定意味。原文 Sentence 13 用了更强烈的否定 don't have anything like enough。听到 ways of 后直接抓取动名词 tracking
    • 提分建议:雅思听力中 fewlittlelack of 经常对应原文中的 not enough 或直接否定句。

第 36 题:举例逻辑与语境推测

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • used for _____ or commercial reasons
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • used for -> designed for
    • reasons -> purposes
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 18: "For example, a satellite may be designed for military purposes, or it may have been launched for commercial reasons, and the operators don’t want competitors to have information about it."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干是 A or B 的结构,B 是 commercial。原文 Sentence 18 完全重现了这一结构 military purposes, or commercial reasons
    • 错题分析 (User: competitions):你填了 competitions,可能是因为没听清 military 而根据 commercial(商业)自己联想了“竞争”。但雅思听力所听即所得,military(军事)是高频场景词。
    • 提分建议:并列结构(A or B, A and B)是送分题,听到其中一个已知项(commercial)时,立刻回忆前一个词是什么。

第 37 题:所有格指代

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • collect details of the object's _____ at a given time
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • hard -> isn't easy
    • given time -> particular time
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 20: "Details are needed about the object itself, as well as about its location at a particular time – and remember that a satellite isn’t very big..."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:听到 object's(或者原文的 its)这种所属格时,后面的名词通常是答案。原文 its location 直接给出了答案。
    • 提分建议location 是极高频答案词,注意听到 where is it 这种表述时也要反应过来是在说 location

第 38 题:转折后的唯一性

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • Scientists can only make a _____ about where...
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • can only -> all that the scientists can do is...
    • about where -> concerning where
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 21: "We don’t have any sensors that can constantly follow something moving so fast, so all that the scientists can do is to put forward a prediction concerning where the satellite is heading next."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干中的 only 是极强的限定词。原文 Sentence 21 用 all that the scientists can do is(他们能做的仅仅是...)来进行强对应的同义替换。
    • 提分建议:注意 onlyjustsolely 这类限定词,原文经常用 all... is...have to 来替换。

第 39 题:信息整合

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • combined in one _____
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • combined -> put together
    • one -> a single
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 27: "Then, as all this information’s collected, it needs to be put together so it can be used, and that will involve creating a single database on which it can be entered."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干 combined 对应原文 put together。题干 one 对应原文 a single
    • 提分建议onesingle 是雅思听力中最常见的同义替换之一,必须秒反应。

第 40 题:抽象名词与动词搭配

  • 题干关键词 (Keywords)
    • create _____ in its users
  • 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing)
    • create -> establish
    • users -> people who use it
  • 原文定位 (Evidence)
    • Sentence 29: "To cope with this, we need to develop a system... but it’s also essential that this system is one that establishes trust in the people that use it, both nationally and at a global level."
  • 解析 & 避坑指南
    • 答案逻辑:题干 create 对应原文 establish(建立)。trust 是一个抽象名词,稍微难抓一点,但 in the people who use it(对应 in its users)提供了很好的后置定位。
    • 提分建议:Section 4 最后一题往往考抽象名词(如 trust, confidence, safety 等),听到动词(establish/create/build)后要对这类词保持敏感。

核心逻辑词:Spite (In spite of)

雅思听力/阅读中表示“逻辑转折”的顶级信号词,写作提分利器。

1. 核心用法与考点

  • 含义:尽管、虽然(= despite)。
  • 结构:必须跟名词/代词/动名词 \rightarrow in spite of + n./v-ing。
  • 听力信号:听到 in spite ofin spite of this,意味着后文会出现与前文预期相反的情况(考点往往就在这里)。

2. 实际应用/例句

  • 雅思听力逻辑:讲座中常先描述困难(如碎片多),然后说 “In spite of this...” 引出科学家依然在努力解决问题或特定技术依然在使用。
  • 写作高分句In spite of the technical difficulties, the system proved to be effective. (尽管有技术困难,该系统证明是有效的。)

听力陷阱词:Debris (不可数)

看起来像复数,实为不可数名词,听力填空高频失分点。

1. 核心特征

  • 发音s 不发音,读作 [dəˈbriː]
  • 语法:永远不可数,动词用单数 (is),严禁加 s
  • 量词搭配pieces of debrisamount of debris

2. 实际应用/例句

  • 原题重现:原题文本中提到 “Small pieces of debris may be difficult to identify.”
  • 填空预警:如果你听到 “many space...” 后面接这个词,千万别手抖写成 debrises

逻辑短语:Made up of vs. Constellations

理解“部分”与“整体”的关系,攻克 Q33 这种数量/量词题。

1. 含义区分

词汇/短语含义雅思语境
be made up of由...组成解释成分或构成(= composed of)
constellations(卫星)群/星座强调成组、成群的卫星(vs. single satellites)

2. 实际应用/例句

  • 原题 Q33“...constellations made up of [33] _______ of satellites.”
    • 解析:这里 made up of 提示后面是构成成分(数量)。
    • 答案thousands (由数千颗卫星组成的卫星群)。

同义替换反射链:组成/构成 (Consist/Compose/Comprise)

在雅思听力和阅读中,这组词互为核心同义替换。看到或听到其中一个,脑子里要瞬间映射出其他几个。

1. 核心词汇全家桶

词组/单词语法特征 (必背!)雅思常见语境
consist of主动语态 (永远无 be)The committee consists of ten members.
be made up of被动语态 (必须有 be)The team is made up of experts.
be composed of被动语态 (必须有 be)Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
comprise可主可被 (较正式)The course comprises three modules.

2. 听力/阅读实战技巧

  • 条件反射
    • 👀 眼看题干:如果题目写的是 consists of...
    • 👂 耳听录音:那你要准备好听 is made up ofcomprises
  • 避坑指南
    • consist 绝无被动(千万别写 be consisted of)。
    • composemake up 在表示“由...组成”时,必须用被动(be composed/made up of)。

学术动词:Put forward & Concerning

提升学术表达(写作/口语)专业度的黄金组合。

1. 词汇解析

  • put forward提出(理论、预测、建议)。比 give 更正式。
  • concerning关于(= about)。不要误以为是“担心”。

2. 实际应用/例句

  • 原题 Q38 对应句“Scientists can only make a [38] prediction...”
  • 听力原文复现:录音中很可能说是 “put forward a prediction concerning...”(提出了一个关于...的预测)。

高阶语法:介词 + Which (In/On/To Which)

长难句的核心逻辑,理解为“拆分再重组”。

1. 逻辑公式

  • 先行词 + [介词 + which] = 在/对/向这个[先行词]进行...
  • 技巧:直接把 which 还原成前面的名词。

2. 原题语境应用

组合还原理解对应原题逻辑
database + on whichenter data on the databaseQ39:信息录入到这个数据库上
system + to whichsend info to the system信息被发送这个系统

雅思听力实战技巧:定位与预判 (基于本次错题)

利用 剑雅18 Test 3 Section 4 原题页面进行复盘,解决“漏听”和“词性错误”。

1. 平行结构定位法(解决 Q31 & Q36)

利用并列连词 and / or 来预判词性和词义范畴。

  • 原题 Q31“...set up legal and [31] _______ ways...”
    • 预判and 连接前后词性一致。legal 是形容词(法律的),所以空里大概率填形容词,且是描述“方式”的性质。
    • 实战:听到 legal 后紧跟的形容词就是答案 technical
  • 原题 Q36“...used for [36] _______ or commercial reasons.”
    • 预判or 表示选择。commercial(商业的)是形容词/范畴。空里需要填一个与“商业”并列的范畴。
    • 实战:录音提到 military(军事的),这也是你没填出来的原因,可能光顾着听名词了。

2. 所属关系定位法(解决 Q34)

利用形容词性物主代词(my, your, its, their)“锁死”名词。

  • 原题 Q34“...help with their [34] _______ .”
    • 预判their 后面 100% 接名词
    • 实战:录音中提到 “allow its identification”(虽然原文用了 its,但逻辑一致),锁定名词 identification

3. 修饰关系与语法暗示(解决 Q32 & Q33)

利用空前后的修饰词来排除错误选项。

  • 原题 Q32“Satellites are now quite [32] _______ ...”
    • 分析quite(相当)修饰形容词。你填了 crowded,但正确答案是 cheap。这里考察的是对形容词辨音的敏感度。
  • 原题 Q33“...made up of [33] _______ of satellites”
    • 分析of satellites 前面通常接量词(比如 groups, types, thousands)。
    • 实战:听到数字相关表达时要极其敏感,这里填的是 thousands

4. 总结:三步走策略

  1. 圈词:圈出空前后的“硬硬的”定位词(如 legal, commercial, their)。
  2. 写性:在空里标出 adj.adj. (形容词) 或 n.n. (名词)。
  3. 听音:死盯着那个词性出现,一旦听到“逻辑重音”立刻下笔。

Anki 答题卡

❌ There are many space debrises orbiting the Earth. (名词数与格错误)	There is much space debris orbiting the Earth. / There are many pieces of space debris. 解析:Debris 是不可数名词,永远不能加 s,谓语动词用单数 (is)。记忆法:把它想象成 water 或 furniture,是一个整体概念。
❌ The team is consisted of five members. (语态错误)	The team consists of five members. 解析:Consist of 永远用主动语态,不能说 be consisted of。如果要用被动,请用 be composed of 或 be made up of。
❌ In spit of the rain, we went out. (拼写与含义混淆)	In spite of the rain, we went out. 解析:Spite 意为尽管/恶意,In spite of 是让步状语;Spit 是吐痰。记忆法:I (我) in spite of (尽管) 很累还要学;Spit 发音短促像“呸”。
❌ We need a database in which information can be entered. (根据雅思听力原文语境纠错介词)	We need a database on which information can be entered. 解析:此处将数据库视为一个操作平台或系统,enter data on a system,因此用 on which。
❓ 单词 debris 看起来以 s 结尾,为什么是不可数名词?	解析:Debris 源自法语,表示残骸、碎片(整体概念)。结尾的 s 不发音,读作 [dəˈbriː]。注意:不要因为它以 s 结尾就认为是复数,也不能再加 s。
❓ 短语 be made up of 和 make up 有什么区别?	解析:Be made up of (有 be 有 of) = Be composed of (由...组成);Make up (后面接数字/%) = Account for (占据比例)。记忆法:有 of 聊成分,没 of 接数字聊比例。
❓ 在 navigate our skies 中,为什么 sky 要用复数 skies?	解析:Skies 复数形式常用于强调广阔的疆域、领空或天气状态(如 under blue skies)。在航空或文学语境中,表示“宏大的空间感”。
❓ 短语 single satellites 中,既然是 single 为什么还加 s?	解析:这里的 single 强调的是“个体/单独”这一类型,与“星座/群 (constellations)”相对。Satellites 用复数是因为指代那“一个个单独的卫星”这一类事物。
❓ 句子 ...a prediction concerning where the satellite is heading 中,concerning 是担心的意思吗?	解析:不是。在学术语境中,Concerning = About / Regarding (关于)。I am concerned about you 才是“担心”。
❓ 长难句中 appear 出现的 to which / on which / in which 该如何快速理解?	解析:这是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。理解公式:在/对/向 + 前面的名词 + 做后面的动作。例如 system to which info is sent = send info TO the system。
❓ 句子 It is essential that this system is one that establishes trust... 中有两个 that,分别是什么作用?	解析:第一个 that 引导主语从句 (It is essential that... 这件事很重要);第二个 that 引导定语从句 (one that... 一个...的系统)。