剑雅 18 Test 3 Listening 4 (C18T3L4) Space Traffic Management 复盘
Listen 4 Space Traffic Management
第 31 题:并列逻辑与词性预判
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):legaland_____waysofimproving safety
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
ways->measures/systemslegal->legal(原词重现)improving safety->prevent the danger of collisions/prevent such accidents
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 6: "In order to do this, we’d need to have a set of legal measures, and we’d also have to develop the technical systems to enable us to prevent such accidents."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:这道题是典型的“并列关系”考点。题干中看到
legal and _____,预判空格处需要填一个与legal(法律的)并列的形容词。原文中听到legal measures后,紧接着出现了and ... also,引出答案technical。 - 干扰陷阱:无明显干扰,主要考查对
and also连接词的捕捉速度。 - 提分建议:注意听
and、also、as well as等并列连词,它们往往是答案出现的信号。
- 答案逻辑:这道题是典型的“并列关系”考点。题干中看到
第 32 题:因果逻辑与指代陷阱
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- Satellites are now quite
_____and thereforemore widespread
- Satellites are now quite
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
quite->relativelytherefore->meaning that...widespread->more people can afford to put them into space
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 9: "Well, for one thing, satellites are relatively cheap these days, compared with how they were in the past, meaning that more people can afford to put them into space."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干中的
therefore提示了因果关系:因为 [32],所以更广泛/更多。原文说卫星相对cheap(便宜),meaning that(意味着/导致)更多人能负担得起。 - 错题分析 (User: crowded):你填了
crowded,这是一个经典的主语错位陷阱。原文 Sentence 11 确实提到了space is getting more crowded,但请注意,crowded形容的是Space(空间),而题干的主语是Satellites(卫星)。卫星本身是“便宜的”,导致了空间是“拥挤的”。 - 提分建议:填空前一定要看清主语是谁!不要听到一个符合语境的词就抓取,要确认它修饰的对象是否匹配。
- 答案逻辑:题干中的
第 33 题:量词短语听写
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- constellations
made up of_____of satellites
- constellations
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
made up of->consisting of
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 10: "So there’s a lot more of them out there, and people aren’t just launching single satellites but whole constellations, consisting of thousands of them designed to work together."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:原文
consisting of完美对应题干made up of。听到这个短语后,直接抓取后面的量词thousands。 - 注意事项:
thousands必须加s,因为后面有of。如果是具体数字(如 3 thousand),则不加 s,但这里是模糊数量“成千上万”。 - 提分建议:对
consist of、compose of、comprise、make up of这组同义替换要形成条件反射。
- 答案逻辑:原文
第 34 题:否定逻辑与被动语态
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- not required to
transmitinformation tohelp withtheir_____
- not required to
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
not required->doesn't have totransmit->send backhelp with->allow
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 12: "But in spite of this, one thing you may be surprised to learn is that you can launch a satellite into space and, once it’s out there, it doesn’t have to send back any information to Earth to allow its identification."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干
not required对应原文doesn't have to。原文allow its identification对应题干help with their identification。 - 拼写提示:
identification是长难词,注意不要拼错。 - 提分建议:听到否定词(not, never, hardly)时要瞬间提高警惕,答案往往紧随其后。
- 答案逻辑:题干
第 35 题:否定替换与数量逻辑
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- few systems for
_____satellites
- few systems for
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
few systems->don't have anything like enough proper ways(没有足够的系统)
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 13: "So while we have international systems for ensuring we know where the planes in our skies are... at present we don’t have anything like enough proper ways of tracking them."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干用
few(很少/几乎没有)来表示否定意味。原文 Sentence 13 用了更强烈的否定don't have anything like enough。听到ways of后直接抓取动名词tracking。 - 提分建议:雅思听力中
few、little、lack of经常对应原文中的not enough或直接否定句。
- 答案逻辑:题干用
第 36 题:举例逻辑与语境推测
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- used for
_____orcommercialreasons
- used for
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
used for->designed forreasons->purposes
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 18: "For example, a satellite may be designed for military purposes, or it may have been launched for commercial reasons, and the operators don’t want competitors to have information about it."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干是
A or B的结构,B 是commercial。原文 Sentence 18 完全重现了这一结构military purposes, or commercial reasons。 - 错题分析 (User: competitions):你填了
competitions,可能是因为没听清military而根据commercial(商业)自己联想了“竞争”。但雅思听力所听即所得,military(军事)是高频场景词。 - 提分建议:并列结构(A or B, A and B)是送分题,听到其中一个已知项(commercial)时,立刻回忆前一个词是什么。
- 答案逻辑:题干是
第 37 题:所有格指代
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- collect details of the
object's_____at a given time
- collect details of the
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
hard->isn't easygiven time->particular time
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 20: "Details are needed about the object itself, as well as about its location at a particular time – and remember that a satellite isn’t very big..."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:听到
object's(或者原文的its)这种所属格时,后面的名词通常是答案。原文its location直接给出了答案。 - 提分建议:
location是极高频答案词,注意听到where is it这种表述时也要反应过来是在说location。
- 答案逻辑:听到
第 38 题:转折后的唯一性
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- Scientists can
onlymake a_____about where...
- Scientists can
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
can only->all that the scientists can do is...about where->concerning where
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 21: "We don’t have any sensors that can constantly follow something moving so fast, so all that the scientists can do is to put forward a prediction concerning where the satellite is heading next."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干中的
only是极强的限定词。原文 Sentence 21 用all that the scientists can do is(他们能做的仅仅是...)来进行强对应的同义替换。 - 提分建议:注意
only、just、solely这类限定词,原文经常用all... is...或have to来替换。
- 答案逻辑:题干中的
第 39 题:信息整合
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- combined in
one_____
- combined in
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
combined->put togetherone->a single
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 27: "Then, as all this information’s collected, it needs to be put together so it can be used, and that will involve creating a single database on which it can be entered."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干
combined对应原文put together。题干one对应原文a single。 - 提分建议:
one和single是雅思听力中最常见的同义替换之一,必须秒反应。
- 答案逻辑:题干
第 40 题:抽象名词与动词搭配
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):- create
_____in its users
- create
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
create->establishusers->people who use it
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 29: "To cope with this, we need to develop a system... but it’s also essential that this system is one that establishes trust in the people that use it, both nationally and at a global level."
- 解析 & 避坑指南:
- 答案逻辑:题干
create对应原文establish(建立)。trust是一个抽象名词,稍微难抓一点,但in the people who use it(对应in its users)提供了很好的后置定位。 - 提分建议:Section 4 最后一题往往考抽象名词(如 trust, confidence, safety 等),听到动词(establish/create/build)后要对这类词保持敏感。
- 答案逻辑:题干
核心逻辑词:Spite (In spite of)
雅思听力/阅读中表示“逻辑转折”的顶级信号词,写作提分利器。
1. 核心用法与考点
- 含义:尽管、虽然(=
despite)。 - 结构:必须跟名词/代词/动名词
in spite of+ n./v-ing。 - 听力信号:听到
in spite of或in spite of this,意味着后文会出现与前文预期相反的情况(考点往往就在这里)。
2. 实际应用/例句
- 雅思听力逻辑:讲座中常先描述困难(如碎片多),然后说 “In spite of this...” 引出科学家依然在努力解决问题或特定技术依然在使用。
- 写作高分句:
In spite ofthe technical difficulties, the system proved to be effective. (尽管有技术困难,该系统证明是有效的。)
听力陷阱词:Debris (不可数)
看起来像复数,实为不可数名词,听力填空高频失分点。
1. 核心特征
- 发音:
s不发音,读作[dəˈbriː]。 - 语法:永远不可数,动词用单数 (
is),严禁加 s。 - 量词搭配:
pieces of debris或amount of debris。
2. 实际应用/例句
- 原题重现:原题文本中提到 “Small pieces of debris may be difficult to identify.”
- 填空预警:如果你听到 “many space...” 后面接这个词,千万别手抖写成
debrises。
逻辑短语:Made up of vs. Constellations
理解“部分”与“整体”的关系,攻克 Q33 这种数量/量词题。
1. 含义区分
| 词汇/短语 | 含义 | 雅思语境 |
|---|---|---|
be made up of | 由...组成 | 解释成分或构成(= composed of) |
constellations | (卫星)群/星座 | 强调成组、成群的卫星(vs. single satellites) |
2. 实际应用/例句
- 原题 Q33:“...constellations made up of [33] _______ of satellites.”
- 解析:这里
made up of提示后面是构成成分(数量)。 - 答案:
thousands(由数千颗卫星组成的卫星群)。
- 解析:这里
同义替换反射链:组成/构成 (Consist/Compose/Comprise)
在雅思听力和阅读中,这组词互为核心同义替换。看到或听到其中一个,脑子里要瞬间映射出其他几个。
1. 核心词汇全家桶
| 词组/单词 | 语法特征 (必背!) | 雅思常见语境 |
|---|---|---|
consist of | 主动语态 (永远无 be) | The committee consists of ten members. |
be made up of | 被动语态 (必须有 be) | The team is made up of experts. |
be composed of | 被动语态 (必须有 be) | Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. |
comprise | 可主可被 (较正式) | The course comprises three modules. |
2. 听力/阅读实战技巧
- 条件反射:
- 👀 眼看题干:如果题目写的是
consists of... - 👂 耳听录音:那你要准备好听
is made up of或comprises。
- 👀 眼看题干:如果题目写的是
- 避坑指南:
consist绝无被动(千万别写 be consisted of)。compose和make up在表示“由...组成”时,必须用被动(be composed/made up of)。
学术动词:Put forward & Concerning
提升学术表达(写作/口语)专业度的黄金组合。
1. 词汇解析
put forward:提出(理论、预测、建议)。比give更正式。concerning:关于(= about)。不要误以为是“担心”。
2. 实际应用/例句
- 原题 Q38 对应句:“Scientists can only make a [38] prediction...”
- 听力原文复现:录音中很可能说是 “put forward a prediction concerning...”(提出了一个关于...的预测)。
高阶语法:介词 + Which (In/On/To Which)
长难句的核心逻辑,理解为“拆分再重组”。
1. 逻辑公式
先行词+ [介词+which] = 在/对/向这个[先行词]进行...- 技巧:直接把
which还原成前面的名词。
2. 原题语境应用
| 组合 | 还原理解 | 对应原题逻辑 |
|---|---|---|
database + on which | enter data on the database | Q39:信息录入到这个数据库上 |
system + to which | send info to the system | 信息被发送到这个系统 |
雅思听力实战技巧:定位与预判 (基于本次错题)
利用 剑雅18 Test 3 Section 4 原题页面进行复盘,解决“漏听”和“词性错误”。
1. 平行结构定位法(解决 Q31 & Q36)
利用并列连词 and / or 来预判词性和词义范畴。
- 原题 Q31:“...set up
legaland [31] _______ ways...”- 预判:
and连接前后词性一致。legal是形容词(法律的),所以空里大概率填形容词,且是描述“方式”的性质。 - 实战:听到
legal后紧跟的形容词就是答案technical。
- 预判:
- 原题 Q36:“...used for [36] _______ or
commercialreasons.”- 预判:
or表示选择。commercial(商业的)是形容词/范畴。空里需要填一个与“商业”并列的范畴。 - 实战:录音提到
military(军事的),这也是你没填出来的原因,可能光顾着听名词了。
- 预判:
2. 所属关系定位法(解决 Q34)
利用形容词性物主代词(my, your, its, their)“锁死”名词。
- 原题 Q34:“...help with
their[34] _______ .”- 预判:
their后面 100% 接名词。 - 实战:录音中提到 “allow its identification”(虽然原文用了
its,但逻辑一致),锁定名词identification。
- 预判:
3. 修饰关系与语法暗示(解决 Q32 & Q33)
利用空前后的修饰词来排除错误选项。
- 原题 Q32:“Satellites are now quite [32] _______ ...”
- 分析:
quite(相当)修饰形容词。你填了crowded,但正确答案是cheap。这里考察的是对形容词辨音的敏感度。
- 分析:
- 原题 Q33:“...made up of [33] _______ of satellites”
- 分析:
of satellites前面通常接量词(比如groups,types,thousands)。 - 实战:听到数字相关表达时要极其敏感,这里填的是
thousands。
- 分析:
4. 总结:三步走策略
- 圈词:圈出空前后的“硬硬的”定位词(如
legal,commercial,their)。 - 写性:在空里标出 (形容词) 或 (名词)。
- 听音:死盯着那个词性出现,一旦听到“逻辑重音”立刻下笔。
Anki 答题卡
❌ There are many space debrises orbiting the Earth. (名词数与格错误) There is much space debris orbiting the Earth. / There are many pieces of space debris. 解析:Debris 是不可数名词,永远不能加 s,谓语动词用单数 (is)。记忆法:把它想象成 water 或 furniture,是一个整体概念。
❌ The team is consisted of five members. (语态错误) The team consists of five members. 解析:Consist of 永远用主动语态,不能说 be consisted of。如果要用被动,请用 be composed of 或 be made up of。
❌ In spit of the rain, we went out. (拼写与含义混淆) In spite of the rain, we went out. 解析:Spite 意为尽管/恶意,In spite of 是让步状语;Spit 是吐痰。记忆法:I (我) in spite of (尽管) 很累还要学;Spit 发音短促像“呸”。
❌ We need a database in which information can be entered. (根据雅思听力原文语境纠错介词) We need a database on which information can be entered. 解析:此处将数据库视为一个操作平台或系统,enter data on a system,因此用 on which。
❓ 单词 debris 看起来以 s 结尾,为什么是不可数名词? 解析:Debris 源自法语,表示残骸、碎片(整体概念)。结尾的 s 不发音,读作 [dəˈbriː]。注意:不要因为它以 s 结尾就认为是复数,也不能再加 s。
❓ 短语 be made up of 和 make up 有什么区别? 解析:Be made up of (有 be 有 of) = Be composed of (由...组成);Make up (后面接数字/%) = Account for (占据比例)。记忆法:有 of 聊成分,没 of 接数字聊比例。
❓ 在 navigate our skies 中,为什么 sky 要用复数 skies? 解析:Skies 复数形式常用于强调广阔的疆域、领空或天气状态(如 under blue skies)。在航空或文学语境中,表示“宏大的空间感”。
❓ 短语 single satellites 中,既然是 single 为什么还加 s? 解析:这里的 single 强调的是“个体/单独”这一类型,与“星座/群 (constellations)”相对。Satellites 用复数是因为指代那“一个个单独的卫星”这一类事物。
❓ 句子 ...a prediction concerning where the satellite is heading 中,concerning 是担心的意思吗? 解析:不是。在学术语境中,Concerning = About / Regarding (关于)。I am concerned about you 才是“担心”。
❓ 长难句中 appear 出现的 to which / on which / in which 该如何快速理解? 解析:这是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。理解公式:在/对/向 + 前面的名词 + 做后面的动作。例如 system to which info is sent = send info TO the system。
❓ 句子 It is essential that this system is one that establishes trust... 中有两个 that,分别是什么作用? 解析:第一个 that 引导主语从句 (It is essential that... 这件事很重要);第二个 that 引导定语从句 (one that... 一个...的系统)。