剑雅 18 Test 2 Listening 3 复盘
Listening 3 The Laki Eruption
第 21 题:Understanding Importance
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):students thinkLaki eruptionimportant
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
important->significantprofound effect on society->impacted directly and indirectly on political events... social and economic consequencesformal study(干扰项) ->make sense of the science
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 7:"Michelle: That’s right. But what I found more significant was how it impacted directly and indirectly on political events, as well as having massive social and economic consequences."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:答案 C 的
society被替换成了具体的political events和social and economic consequences。important替换为significant。 - 干扰项分析:
- A 选项 (most severe):女生虽然提到
huge eruption,但没有说是“most severe”(最高级)。 - B 选项 (formal study):男生提到
make sense of the science for the first time(第6句),但女生紧接着用转折词 "But"(第7句)否定了这是最重要的点,强调了她认为更重要的是社会影响。
- A 选项 (most severe):女生虽然提到
- 提分建议:听到
But一定要竖起耳朵,后面的往往才是重点(答案)。不要听到science就急着选 B。
- 同义替换:答案 C 的
第 22 题:Adam's Surprise
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):surprisedAdamobservations
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
number of places->so many weather stationscontradictions(干扰项) ->consistent account(反义)
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 11:"Adam: Yeah. I was surprised there were so many weather stations established by that time – so, you know, you can see how the weather changed, often by the hour."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
number of places对应原文的so many weather stations(很多气象站=很多地点)。 - 干扰项分析:
- B 选项 (contradictions):第10句提到
consistent account(一致的描述),与选项contradictions(矛盾)意思相反。
- B 选项 (contradictions):第10句提到
- 提分建议:注意
so many这种表示数量程度的词,往往对应number、amount等词汇。
- 同义替换:
第 23 题:Contemporary Sources on Haze
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):Michellecontemporary sourcesLaki haze
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
associated with->blamed... forhealth issues->headaches, respiratory issues and asthma attacksordinary fog(干扰项) ->wasn't the sort of fog they were used tocompletely blocked out(干扰项) ->covered the sun... strange red colour
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 15:"Michelle: Reports from the period blamed the haze for an increase in headaches, respiratory issues and asthma attacks. And they all describe how it covered the sun and made it look a strange red colour."
- Sentence 13:"They all realised that this wasn’t the sort of fog they were used to..."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
health issues是对headaches(头痛)、respiratory issues(呼吸问题)等具体病症的概括(Generalization)。 - 干扰项分析:
- A 选项:原文明确说
wasn't the sort of fog(不是那种雾),直接否定。 - C 选项:原文说遮住了太阳但变成了
strange red colour,说明光线还能透过来,不是completely blocked out(完全遮挡)。
- A 选项:原文明确说
- 提分建议:雅思听力常考“具体 vs 抽象”的替换,听到具体的病名要能反应出是
health。注意completely这种绝对词通常是陷阱。
- 同义替换:
第 24 题:Benjamin Franklin Correction
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):Adam corrects MichelleBenjamin Franklin
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
first to identify->beat him to it/realised that before anyone elsereason for the haze->caused by the volcanic eruption
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 19:"Michelle: It was Benjamin Franklin who realised that before anyone else."
- Sentence 20:"Adam: He’s often credited with that, apparently. But a French naturalist beat him to it – I can’t remember his name. I’d have to look it up."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
beat him to it是一个地道表达,意思是“抢在他前面做到了”,即 Franklin 不是第一个。 - 干扰项分析:女生先说 Franklin 是第一个(对应 B),但男生用
But进行了纠正(Corrects),指出另一个人(French naturalist)比他早。 - 提分建议:如果你听不懂
beat him to it,听到转折词But也要警惕,通常前面的信息会被推翻。
- 同义替换:
第 25-26 题:Surprising Issues (多选)
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):surprisedTwo issues
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
widespread effects->as far away as...long-lasting effects->effects would go on for so longdeaths(干扰项) ->You'd expect thatspeed(干扰项) ->drifted so swiftly(expected)
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 23:"Adam: Mmm. You’d expect that – and the fact that the volcanic ash drifted so swiftly – but not that the effects would go on for so long."
- Sentence 24:"Or that two years after the eruption, strange weather events were being reported as far away as North America and North Africa."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
go on for so long=long-lasting;as far away as=widespread。 - 干扰项分析:
- C (Deaths) & D (Speed):男生明确说
You'd expect that(你会预料到这些),说明这些不让人惊讶(Not surprised)。
- C (Deaths) & D (Speed):男生明确说
- 提分建议:多选题核心是听“逻辑判断词”。听到
expect表示“意料之中”(不选),听到but not表示“意料之外”(要选)。
- 同义替换:
第 27 题:Impact on Iceland
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):Iceland
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
Animals->livestocksickness->poisonedagriculture(干扰项) ->farming
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 28:"Michelle: Mmm. One of the most dramatic things there was the effect on livestock as they grazed in the fields."
- Sentence 29:"They were poisoned because they ate vegetation that had been contaminated with fluorine as a result of the volcanic fallout."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
livestock(家畜)是animals的常见雅思替换词。poisoned对应sickness。 - 干扰项分析:第27句虽然提到了
farming(对应 B 选项的 agriculture),但没有提到predictable,所以 B 不对。
- 同义替换:
第 28 题:Impact on Egypt
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):Egypt
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
severe loss of life->more people dying than any other countryagriculture->crops failed
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 31:"Michelle: It’s so far from where the eruption happened and yet the famine there led to more people dying than any other country. It was worse than the plague."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
more people dying than any other country(死的人比其他任何国家都多)=most severe loss of life(最高级替换)。 - 提分建议:注意最高级表达的转换。
- 同义替换:
第 29 题:Impact on UK
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):UK
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
increase in deaths->mortality rate went upyoung people->people under the age of 25
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 32:"Adam: OK. Then in the UK the mortality rate went up a lot – presumably from respiratory illnesses."
- Sentence 33:"According to one report it was about double the usual number and included an unusually high percentage of people under the age of 25."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:这是典型的雅思数据/定义替换。
mortality rate=deaths,under 25=young people。
- 同义替换:这是典型的雅思数据/定义替换。
第 30 题:Impact on USA
- 题干关键词 (
Keywords):USA
- 原文同义替换 (Paraphrasing):
harsh winter->snowbound/ice floating/unprecedented
- 原文定位 (Evidence):
- Sentence 35:"George Washington even makes a note in his diary that they were snowbound until March in Virginia. That was before he became president."
- Sentence 36:"Adam: Yes, and there was ice floating down the Mississippi, which was unprecedented."
- 名师解析 & 避坑指南:
- 同义替换:
snowbound(被雪困住)和ice floating都是winter的具体特征。unprecedented(史无前例的)强调了其严酷程度。
- 同义替换:
雅思核心高频词:听音辨义与逻辑关联
这部分词汇不仅要求认识,更要求在听力中能够快速反应,并在口语写作中准确输出。
| 单词 | 词性 | 核心含义 | 记忆逻辑/词根拆解 |
|---|---|---|---|
formal | adj. | 正式的、正规的 | 来自 form (形式/表格)。符合特定“格式”或“规矩”的场合就是 formal。 |
particularly | adv. | 尤其、特别 | 词根 part (部分)。不是指整体,而是把“某一部分”单独拎出来强调。 |
severe | adj. | 严峻的、严重的 | 谐音“色味儿” -> 脸色难看 -> 情况严峻。常修饰天气、破坏、惩罚。 |
associated | adj. | 相关的、有联系的 | 中间藏着 society (社会)。社会中人与人是连接的 -> be associated with。 |
contemporary | adj. | 当代的 | con (共同) + tempo (节奏/时间) -> 迈着共同的时间节奏。 |
livestock | n. | 家畜 | live (活的) + stock (库存/存货) -> 农场里活着的存货(牛羊猪)。 |
💡 听力提分技巧:
- Particularly 的发音陷阱:老外常吞音读作 /pə-TIK-ly/。听到
P开头,中间重音TIK,结尾ly,通常就是它。
📝 实际应用/例句:
- The pollution is
associatedwith the factory,particularlyaffecting the nearbylivestock.- (污染与工厂有关,尤其影响了附近的家畜。)
易混淆概念与认知词汇
这组词汇在阅读和听力中容易产生理解偏差(False Friends),需要建立正确的英语思维逻辑。
1. 词形易混点
VegetationvsVegetableVegetable:具体的蔬菜。Vegetation:(-tion表示整体状态) 地表上所有的植物总称 -> 植被。
2. 短语逻辑点
Run through- 画面感:跑着穿过一个房间。
- 含义:浏览、贯穿(文章/主题)、反复出现。
Beat him to it- 逻辑:把 "it" 想象成比赛终点,"Beat" 是在比赛中赢了,而不是打人。
- 含义:抢先一步做某事。
Consistent account- 拆解:
Consistent(连贯的/一致的) +Account(描述/说法)。 - 含义:一致的说法(即大家的描述都对得上,没有矛盾)。
- 拆解:
💡 听力解码:
Consistent account常出现连读:/Consisten-tə-ccount/ (t和a连在一起)。
📝 实际应用/例句:
- There is a theme of survival that
runs throughthe book. (关于生存的主题贯穿全书。) - I wanted to pay the bill, but he
beat me to it. (我想买单,但他抢先一步付了。)
场景词汇:自然灾害与科学 (Topic Vocabulary)
针对 Cambridge 19 - Test 1 的自然灾害场景,以下词汇需按“听力定位词”标准掌握。
| 单词 | 含义 | 快速助记法 |
|---|---|---|
drought | 干旱 | Dr 像 Dry (干)。⚠️注意中间 gh 不发音。 |
famine | 饥荒 | 谐音“发霉” -> 没吃的了。 |
contaminated | 被污染的 | con (共同) + tam (踏) -> 大家都来踩一脚 -> 脏了。 |
catastrophic | 灾难性的 | Cat (猫) + astro (星星) -> 猫看见星星掉下来 -> 大灾难。 |
respiratory | 呼吸的 | Re (反复) + spir (气) -> 反复通气。⚠️重音在第一个音节。 |
unprecedented | 史无前例的 | Un (没) + pre (前) + ced (走) -> 以前没走过的路。 |
mortality | 死亡率 | 词根 Mort = 死 (e.g., Voldemort)。 |
⚠️ 拼写高危区 (Spelling Traps):
- ❌ Sovere -> ✅
severe - ❌ Droght -> ✅
drought - ❌ Respiratry -> ✅
respiratory
📝 综合造句挑战:
- The
unprecedentedvolcanic eruption causedseveredamage. The falloutcontaminatedthelivestock's food, leading to acatastrophicfamine.- (史无前例的火山喷发导致了严重的破坏。辐射尘污染了牲畜的饲料,导致了灾难性的饥荒。)
逻辑词辨析:Assume vs. Presume
这是阅读理解作者态度、听力推断题的拿分关键。
| 维度 | Assume (假设/臆断) | Presume (推测/认定) |
|---|---|---|
| 核心区别 | No Evidence (无证据) | Likely True (有证据/大概率) |
| 逻辑基础 | 纯主观猜测,往往包含偏见。 | 基于现有迹象、常识做出的合理推断。 |
| 同义词 | Guess, Suppose | Expect, Most likely |
| 常用语境 | "我以为..." (其实可能错了) | "想必是..." (八九不离十) |
🧠 终极助记法 (Mnemonic)
"Assuming makes an ASS out of U and ME." (瞎假设会让你我都会变成傻瓜/驴。)
📝 实际应用/例句:
- Assume: I didn't ask him, I just
assumedhe would agree. (我没问他,我只是臆断他会同意。) -> 风险很高,可能被打脸。 - Presume: The ground is wet and I see puddles;
presumably, it has been raining. (地是湿的还有水坑,想必是刚才下雨了。) -> 基于视觉证据的推断。
Anki 答题卡
❌ The wet ground posted into my eyes. (中式表达/搭配错误:想表达“映入眼帘”) Correct: The wet ground caught my eye. | 解析:英文中“映入眼帘”不仅不能用 post (邮寄/张贴),通常用 catch one's eye (吸引目光) 或直接用 I saw... 表达。post into my eyes 是典型的中式直译。
❓ Assume 和 Presume 的核心区别是什么? Assume = 无证据瞎猜 (No evidence, often wrong); Presume = 有证据推测 (Likely true based on evidence). | 记忆法:Assuming makes an ASS out of U and ME (瞎假设会让你我都变成傻瓜)。
❓ 短语 consistent account 在雅思听力/阅读中是什么意思? 一致的说法/描述。 | 解析:Consistent (前后一致的) + Account (叙述/解释)。指不同人的描述没有矛盾。听力注意连读:/Consisten-tə-ccount/。
❓ 短语 beat him to it 是什么意思?(易误解为“打他”) 抢先一步做某事。 | 解析:把 it 看作比赛终点,beat 是在速度上赢了,不是动作上的殴打。
❓ Vegetation 和 Vegetable 的区别是什么? Vegetable = 具体的蔬菜; Vegetation = 植被 (地表植物的总称)。 | 记忆法:-tion 后缀通常表示整体概念或状态。
❓ 听力中 Particularly (尤其/特别) 常见的吞音读法是什么? /pə-TIK-ly/。 | 解析:中间音节常被弱化或吞掉,听到 P 开头中间重读 TIK 结尾 ly 即为该词。
❓ 短语 run through 在雅思阅读中通常表示什么意思? (主题)贯穿/浏览。 | 解析:画面感是“跑着穿过一个房间”,引申为某个主题贯穿全书,或快速浏览一遍内容。
❌ The results were largely predictable. (请说出 predictable 的含义及反义词) 含义:可预见的/意料之中的。反义词:Unprecedented (史无前例的) 或 Unpredictable (不可预测的)。 | 解析:Pre (提前) + dict (说) + able -> 事情没发生就能提前说出来的。