剑雅 18 Test 1 Section 3 复盘
Section 3 Talk on jobs in fashion design
第21题:视线受阻与干扰项排除
- 题干关键词:problem, start of the talk
- 原文同义替换:view blocked sat right in front of me, so tall, hard to see through people’s heads
- 原文整句(sentence 4):I went early so that I’d get a seat and not have to stand, but then this guy sat right in front of me and he was so tall!
- 原文整句(sentence 5):It’s hard to see through people’s heads, isn’t it?
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 干扰项排除(Distraction):
- 选项 C (students talking):原文 Sentence 3 男生问 "were the people beside you chatting?",但 Sentence 4 女生明确否定 "It wasn’t that"。
- 选项 B (unable to find seat):Sentence 4 女生提到 "I went early so that I’d get a seat",说明有座。
- 答案定位:转折词
but之后往往是重点。女生说 "but then this guy sat right in front of me... so tall",加上男生补充的 "hard to see through",对应选项 A。
- 干扰项排除(Distraction):
第22题:已知信息 vs 惊讶信息
- 题干关键词:surprised, job market
- 原文同义替换:variety whole range of areas, so many career options
- 原文整句(sentence 9):Yeah, but it looks like there’s a whole range of … areas of work that we hadn’t even thought of – like fashion journalism, for instance.
- 原文整句(sentence 10):Yeah – I wasn’t expecting so many career options.
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 区分已知与新知:
- 选项 A (competitive) 在 Sentence 7 被提及 "we know we’re going into a really competitive field",使用了 "we know" 和 "obvious",说明这是已知事实,不构成 "surprised"。
- 同义替换:题目中的 "surprised" 对应原文的 "hadn’t even thought of" 和 "wasn’t expecting";"more variety" 对应 "whole range of areas" 和 "so many career options"。
- 区分已知与新知:
第23题:评价态度的精准理解
- 题干关键词:Hugo and Chantal agree, speaker’s message
- 原文同义替换:unfair harsh
- 原文整句(sentence 13):Perhaps she thinks students are a bit narrow-minded about the industry.
- 原文整句(sentence 14):It was a bit harsh, though! We know it’s a tough industry.
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 情感态度词:Sentence 13 提到 speaker 认为学生 "narrow-minded"(狭隘),这是 speaker 的观点。
- 同意与评价:Sentence 14 女生评价这种观点 "a bit harsh"(有点刻薄/严厉),即认为对学生不太公平(unfair)。男生紧接着在 Sentence 15 表示赞同 "Yeah... after all"。
- 干扰项辨析:选项 C (critical of the industry) 是陷阱,原文是 critical of students,且学生认为这种批评是不公的 (unfair)。
第24题:虚拟语气表示遗憾/批评
- 题干关键词:criticise, school careers advice
- 原文同义替换:who gave the advice ask more people like today’s speaker, not by the experts
- 原文整句(sentence 17):They could have asked more people like today’s speaker to talk to us.
- 原文整句(sentence 18):We were told about lots of different careers – just when we needed to be, but not by the experts who really know stuff.
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 虚拟语气:Sentence 17 "could have asked..." 表示“本可以请...(但没请)”,这是一种典型的批评/遗憾表达。
- 否定干扰项:
- 选项 B (how much):Sentence 17 提到 "numerous talks... which was good",对数量是肯定的。
- 选项 A (when):Sentence 18 提到 "just when we needed to be",对时间也是满意的。
- 核心考点:批评的落脚点在于 谁 讲课(Sentence 18 "not by the experts"),对应选项 C。
第26题:人物观点的区分(男/女)
- 题干关键词:Hugo feel, unpaid assistant
- 原文同义替换:realistic prepared for that, one thing's for certain
- 原文整句(sentence 23):One thing’s for certain, though. From what she said, we’ll be unpaid assistants in the industry for quite a long time.
- 原文整句(sentence 25):I’m prepared for that, aren’t you?
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 区分说话人:题目问的是 Hugo 的感受。
- 态度判断:Hugo 用了 "One thing’s for certain"(这一点是肯定的)和 "I’m prepared for that"(我准备好了),表现出一种接受现实的态度(realistic)。
- 干扰来源:Chantal 在 Sentence 26 说 "I’m not going to accept that view",这是女生的态度,不要张冠李戴。选项 B (dishonest) 原文未提及。
第27-28题:职场新人的错误 (Mistakes in first job)
- 题干关键词:mistakes, first job
- 正确答案:B, E
- 错题复盘:你误选了 C,漏选了 B。
知识点 1:确认“过度关注外表” (Option B)
- 题干关键词:paying too much attention to how she looked
- 原文同义替换:interested in her own appearance paying too much attention to how she looked
- 原文整句(第33句):Hugo: Mmm. And then he was so mean, telling her she was more interested in her own appearance than his!
- 原文整句(第34句):Chantal: But – she did realise he was right about that, which really made me think.
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 确认原则:Hugo 转述了老板的批评(关注自己外表),紧接着 Chantal 在下一句(第34句)确认了 "she did realise he was right about that"(她意识到他说得对)。只有经过确认的负面信息才是答案。
- 听音重点:听到 "own appearance" 时应警觉,等待对方确认 "right" 或 "true"。
知识点 2:确认“未掩饰负面情绪” (Option E)
- 题干关键词:openly disliking her client
- 原文同义替换:should have hidden her negative feelings openly disliking (didn't hide)
- 原文整句(第36句):Chantal: Well, as she said, she should have hidden her negative feelings about him, but she didn’t.
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 虚拟语气反推:第36句中 "should have hidden... but she didn’t" 是雅思听力经典考点。意为“本该隐藏(厌恶情绪),但没藏住”,直接对应选项 E 的 "openly disliking"(公开表现出不喜欢)。
- 逻辑链条:这是她犯的第二个具体错误,导致了她后悔丢了工作(regretted losing the job)。
干扰项分析
- 选项 C (well known):原文第32句提到她是为了 "experience"(经验),且第32句明确说 "not financial reward"(排除选项 D),全文未提及她想出名,属于无中生有(Not Given)。
第29-30题(多选):有用信息的筛选
- 题干关键词:retail information, agree, useful
- 原文同义替换:reasons people return take things back, returned because
- 原文整句(sentence 40):They also take things back to the store if they aren’t right.
- 原文整句(sentence 41):...found out the garments sold there were being returned because they … fell apart in the wash!
- 知识与技巧讲解:
- 逻辑连接:Sentence 39 确定了第一个点(gap in the market, 选项 C)。Sentence 40 用 "They also..." 引出第二点。
- 词汇对应:Sentence 40 "take things back" = "return"。Sentence 41 举例 "returned because..." 进一步解释了退货原因(reasons)。
- 干扰排除:你误选了 B (time to shop)。原文 Sentence 38 提到了 "how big or small the average shopper is"(对应选项 E 的 sizes),但随后 Sentence 39 男生说这是 manufacturers 的问题(否定了 E),并未提到 "time to shop"。
这份文档整理自雅思听力 Section 3/4 学术场景及阅读高频词汇。针对由于“熟词僻义”、“发音辨识”和“拼写规则”导致的失分点进行了深度剖析。
Journalism (n. 新闻业,新闻工作)
- 痛点解析:听音时容易漏掉,或拼写时混淆元音。
- 听力关键:重音在最前面
/ˈdʒɜːrnəlɪzəm/。 - 拼写规则:
- 词根是
Journal(日志/期刊)。 - 中间是
our不是er。 - 后缀是
-ism。
- 词根是
| 单词 | 含义 | 场景关联 |
|---|---|---|
| Journalism | 新闻业 | Media studies, Career choice |
| Reporter | 记者 | 新闻从业者 |
| Press | 新闻界 | 行业统称 |
实际应用/例句:
- "He started a journalism course, but decided to quit." (他开始修读新闻课程,但决定退学。)
Regretted (v. 后悔 - 过去式)
- 痛点解析:这是“听力必拼词”。容易因为“忽忽悠悠忘了意思”或拼写错误失分。
- 核心考点:双写 t。
- 语法逻辑:这是一个“重读闭音节”结尾的词(辅-元-辅结构:r-e-t),变形时必须双写尾字母。
助记链条: Regret → Regretted → Regretting
实际应用/例句:
- "He soon regretted his decision to leave the company." (他很快就后悔离开公司的决定了。)
- 听力连读提示:注意听到 "regretted it" 时的连读
/rɪˈɡretɪd_ɪt/。
Blocked (v./adj. 阻挡,被遮挡)
- 痛点解析:不仅是“交通阻塞”或“屏蔽”,在雅思中常指视线受阻。
- 高频场景:Section 1/2 的剧院选座或地图题。
- 形象记忆:把 Block 想象成一个大方块(Block),挡在你眼前,什么都看不见。
| 语境 | 含义 | 英文解释 |
|---|---|---|
| Traffic | 堵塞 | The road is blocked. |
| View/Sight | 遮挡 (考点) | The view is blocked by a pillar. |
实际应用/例句:
- "I didn't choose that seat because the view was blocked by a large pillar." (我没选那个座位,因为视线被大柱子挡住了。)
Narrow-minded (adj. 狭隘的,目光短浅的)
- 痛点解析:这是一个合成词,属于贬义词(Negative Attitude)。
- 拆解吃透:
Narrow(窄) +Minded(思维的) = 思路很窄。 - 听力策略:如果听到 speaker 用这个词形容某人(如 tutor),说明他对该人持批评态度。
对比记忆:
| 单词 | 含义 | 态度色彩 |
|---|---|---|
| Narrow-minded | 狭隘的 | 👎 贬义 (Criticism) |
| Open-minded | 开明的 | 👍 褒义 (Praise) |
实际应用/例句:
- "He felt the tutors were too narrow-minded and didn't accept new ideas." (他觉得导师们太狭隘了,不接受新观点。)
Realistic vs. Harsh (态度评价词)
这是一组在听力 Section 3 中常出现的态度对立词汇。
1. Realistic (adj. 务实的)
- 痛点解析:审题时容易反应不过来。它不是指“残酷的现实”,而是指脚踏实地、实事求是。
- 态度:通常为褒义或中性。
- 助记:Real (真) → 面对真实情况的 → 务实的。
2. Harsh (adj. 严厉的,恶劣的)
- 痛点解析:不认识或没听出来。表示程度很深,让人不舒服。
- 用法:
- 形容人/话语:刻薄、严厉 (A bit harsh)。
- 形容环境:恶劣 (Harsh weather)。
实际应用/例句:
- 对话逻辑:"I think that criticism is a bit harsh. The tutors were just being realistic." (我觉得那个批评有点太严厉了。导师们只是比较务实而已。) —— 注意这里的转折逻辑,说话者支持的是 realistic 的一方。
Case (n. 情况,实情)
- 痛点解析:熟词僻义。除了“箱子/案件”,在口语逻辑中常表示“事实”。
- 核心短语:That is the case = That is true。
听力陷阱: 当你听到 "She knows it's the case",不要反应成“她知道这个案子”,而是“她知道事实如此”。
实际应用/例句:
- "If that is the case, we need to change our plan." (如果情况属实/事实如此,我们需要修改计划。)
Account (n. 描述,叙述)
- 痛点解析:不仅是“银行账户”。作名词时,Account = Story / Description。
- 搭配:Give an account of... (讲述/描述...)。
- 词源助记:Count (数数) → Recount (重述) → Account (叙述/账目)。
实际应用/例句:
- "Her account of the accident was very detailed." (她对事故的描述非常详细。)
商业场景核心词 (Gap, Stocking, Garments)
这三个词常在同一个商业案例背景下串联出现。
1. Gap (n. 空白,缺口)
- 痛点解析:不仅是鸿沟。Gap in the market = 市场空白/商机。
- 逻辑:没人卖 + 想要买 = Gap。
2. Stocking (v. 进货,存货)
- 痛点解析:Stock (库存) 的动词形式,不是“长筒袜”。
- 含义:储备、上架销售 (Selling/Supplying)。
3. Garments (n. 服装)
- 痛点解析:服装行业的正式用语。
- 等级链:Clothes (口语) < Clothing (统称) < Garment (术语)。
实际应用/例句:
- "They found a gap in the market because no shops were stocking these types of garments." (他们发现了一个市场空白,因为没有商店在售卖这类服装。)
Fascinating (adj. 极迷人的)
- 痛点解析:容易忘了程度。它是一个强意愿形容词 (Strong Adjective)。
- 程度公式:Fascinating > Interesting。
- 态度判断:如果听到这个词,说明说话者极度感兴趣,给予了高度评价。
实际应用/例句:
- "I found the lecture absolutely fascinating." (我觉得这场讲座极其迷人。)
Numerous (adj. 许多的)
- 痛点解析:写作高级替换词,阅读常见词。
- 替换关系:Numerous = Many / Countless。
- 助记:源于
Number(数字) → 数不过来的 → 很多的。
实际应用/例句:
- "There are numerous reasons why I chose this university." (我选择这所大学有许许多多的理由。)
Anki 答题卡
❌ The view was stoped by a large pillar. (用词不当,表示视线被遮挡) The view was blocked by a large pillar. [解析] 在雅思听力选座或地图题中,视线受阻固定搭配为 view was blocked;stop 通常指动作停止。 [记忆法] 像个方块(Block)挡在眼前。
❌ He studies Jounalism at university. (拼写错误) He studies Journalism at university. [解析] 词根是 Journal (日志/期刊),中间包含 'our' 结构,后缀是 -ism。 [记忆法] Journal + ism。
❌ He regreted his decision to leave. (动词变形拼写错误) He regretted his decision to leave. [解析] Regret 是重读闭音节结尾 (辅-元-辅 r-e-t),过去式变形必须双写尾字母 t。 [记忆法] 后悔(Regret)就要加倍(双写t)记住。
❌ The teacher's comments were too narrow mind. (词性错误) The teacher's comments were too narrow-minded. [解析] Narrow-minded 是形容词,意为“狭隘的”,中间通常有连字符。 [记忆法] Narrow(窄) + Minded(思维)。
❌ She gave a clear account about the accident. (介词搭配不当) She gave a clear account of the accident. [解析] Give an account of sth 是固定搭配,意为“对...做出描述/叙述”。 [记忆法] Account = Story/Description。
❌ No shop was stock these garments. (语法/时态错误) No shop was stocking these garments. [解析] 此处为过去进行时 (was doing),Stock 作动词表示“进货/储备/销售”。 [记忆法] 仓库(Stock)正在进货(ing)。
❌ I have read numberous books on this topic. (拼写错误) I have read numerous books on this topic. [解析] Numerous (许多的) 源于 Number,但形容词形式中间没有 'b'。 [记忆法] 数(Number)不过来 -> Numerous。
❓ narrow-minded 在听力中出现时,通常代表什么态度? 代表贬义 (Negative/Criticism)。 [解析] 指某人不愿意接受新观点,常用于批评。 [反义词] Open-minded (褒义)。
❓ 雅思听力中形容某人 realistic,是指他很“势利/现实”吗? 不是,是指他“务实/脚踏实地/实事求是”。 [解析] 通常是褒义或中性评价 (Practical/Sensible),指不切实际幻想。 [记忆法] Real (真) -> 面对真实。
❓ 听到 That is the case 时,是指“那就是那个箱子”吗? 不是,通常指“事实就是这样” (That is true)。 [解析] 常用短语:In that case (既然那样) / It is the case (实情如此)。
❓ 商业场景中的 a gap in the market 是指什么? 指“市场空白”或“商机”。 [解析] 逻辑:消费者有需求,但商家没有供货 (No one is stocking),中间的缺口就是 Gap。
❓ Garments 和 Clothes 有什么区别? Garments 是更正式、专业的行业术语。 [解析] 雅思听力 Section 3/4 或阅读中常作为 Clothes 的高级替换词。
❓ Fascinating 和 Interesting 程度一样吗? 不一样,Fascinating 程度更深,意为“极度迷人的”。 [解析] 它是强意愿形容词 (Strong Adjective),代表极度正面的评价。
❓ 形容评价 a bit harsh 是什么意思? 意思是“有点太严厉/刻薄了”。 [解析] 通常表示批评过重,带有负面色彩。 [记忆法] 听起来就很刺耳 (Harsh)。