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OpenLayers、Leaflet 快速入门 ,每周保持更新 2 个案例
Cesium 快速入门,每周保持更新 4 个案例
OpenLayers 综合案例-区域掩膜
Vue 3 + OpenLayers 实现的 WebGIS 应用提供了完整的区域掩膜功能
实现思路
- 主要就是考验 canvas 的使用,核心代码参考openlayers 中区域掩膜的实现
- 在地图容器中添加一个 canvas,设置其在 map 之上;
- 监听 map 的 postrender 事件,每次事件触发重新绘制掩膜;
- 通过 map.getPixelFromCoordinate 实现地理坐标到屏幕坐标的转换;
- 通过 globalCompositeOperation = 'source-out'设置反向裁剪;
技术栈
该环境下代码即拿即用
Vue 3.5.13+
OpenLayers 10.5.0+
Vite 6.3.5+
<template>
<div ref="mapContainer" id="map"></div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, onMounted } from "vue";
import Map from "ol/Map.js";
import XYZ from "ol/source/XYZ.js";
import TileLayer from "ol/layer/Tile.js";
import View from "ol/View.js";
import "ol/ol.css";
import modalData from "./320000_bj.json";
const mapContainer = ref(null);
let map = null;
let canvas = null;
let ctx = null;
const view = new View({
center: [118.7784, 32.0647], // 南京市中心经纬度
zoom: 7,
projection: "EPSG:4326",
});
onMounted(async () => {
map = new Map({
target: mapContainer.value,
layers: [
new TileLayer({
source: new XYZ({
url: "https://webrd04.is.autonavi.com/appmaptile?lang=zh_cn&size=1&scale=1&style=7&x={x}&y={y}&z={z}",
}),
}),
],
view,
});
// 创建canvas
const { offsetWidth, offsetHeight } = map.getViewport();
canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.width = offsetWidth;
canvas.height = offsetHeight;
canvas.style.position = "absolute";
canvas.style.top = "0px";
canvas.style.left = "0px";
canvas.style.zIndex = "1";
ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
map.getViewport().appendChild(canvas);
// 注册map事件
map.on("postrender", () => {
addMask();
});
});
// 添加区域掩膜
const addMask = (params) => {
const { fillStyle, strokeStyle, lineWidth } = {
fillStyle: "rgba(255,255,255,0.8)",
strokeStyle: "#f00",
lineWidth: 3,
...params,
};
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
// 获取整个江苏省的所有多边形
const jiangsuPolygons = modalData.features[0].geometry.coordinates;
// 1. 绘制整个画布为半透明白色
ctx.fillStyle = fillStyle;
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
// 2. 使用组合模式清除多边形区域
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "destination-out";
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,1)"; // 使用任意颜色,alpha=1确保完全清除
// 绘制所有多边形(包括主区域和岛屿)
jiangsuPolygons.forEach((polygon) => {
const ring = polygon[0]; // 获取多边形外环
const coords = ring.map((coord) => map.getPixelFromCoordinate(coord));
ctx.beginPath();
coords.forEach((coord, index) => {
index === 0
? ctx.moveTo(coord[0], coord[1])
: ctx.lineTo(coord[0], coord[1]);
});
ctx.closePath();
ctx.fill();
});
// 3. 恢复组合模式并绘制边界
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over";
ctx.strokeStyle = strokeStyle;
ctx.lineWidth = lineWidth;
// 绘制所有多边形的边界
jiangsuPolygons.forEach((polygon) => {
const ring = polygon[0];
const coords = ring.map((coord) => map.getPixelFromCoordinate(coord));
ctx.beginPath();
coords.forEach((coord, index) => {
index === 0
? ctx.moveTo(coord[0], coord[1])
: ctx.lineTo(coord[0], coord[1]);
});
ctx.closePath();
ctx.stroke();
});
};
</script>
<style scoped>
#map {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
}
</style>