学生成绩管理系统
一、任务书
（一）学校现状分析
1.某学校有本科生和研究生两类学生，学生信息包括基本资料数据和成绩数据两部分。
A.本科生：基本资料数据包括学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级，学号自动生成，其他全部是输入项；成绩数据包括高数成绩、英语成绩、C语言成绩、总成绩、班级排名、校级排名，其中：高数成绩、英语成绩、C语言成绩为输入项，总成绩、班级排名、校级排名是计算项，班级排名是总成绩在班内的名次，校级排名是总成绩在校内的名次。
B.研究生：基本资料数据包括学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级、研究方向、导师，学号自动生成，其他全部是输入项；成绩数据包括课程综合成绩、论文成绩、总成绩、班级排名、校级排名，其中：课程综合成绩、论文成绩为输入项，总成绩、班级排名、校级排名是计算项，班级排名是总成绩在班内的名次，校级排名是总成绩在校内的名次。
2、现在需要开发一个学生成绩管理系统对学生成绩进行有效管理。
（二）系统的功能要求
1、数据维护管理：要求对学生的基本资料数据和成绩数据分开管理。基本资料数据的维护管理功能包括添加（批量、单个）、修改、删除、查询等；成绩数据的维护管理功能包括输入（批量、单个）、修改、删除、查询等。
A. 基本资料数据的维护管理
(1).添加:（批量、单个）添加学生基本资料数据。本科生的基本资料数据包括学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级，学号自动生成，其他全部是输入项。研究生的基本资料数据包括学号、姓名、性别、专业、班级、研究方向、导师，学号自动生成，其他全部是输入项
(2).修改：根据学号来修改任意学生的除学号外的其他基本资料数据。
(3).删除：根据学号删除一个学生。
(4).查询：根据学号查询一个学生的基本资料数据。
B. 成绩数据的维护管理
(1).输入:（批量、单个）输入学生成绩数据。成绩数据根据学生类型的不同而有区别，输入的相关数据也应不同。注意：总成绩、班级排名、校级排名是计算项，不能输入。
(2).修改：根据学号来修改任意学生的相关成绩数据（注意：不同类别学生相关数据不同）。
(3).删除：根据学号删除一个学生（不能删除，只需将相关数据项设置成-1）。
(4).查询：根据学号查询一个学生的成绩数据。
(5).计算：批量计算所有学生的总成绩、班级排名、校级排名。注意，只有各项数据都为有效数据时（-1为无效数据），才能计算。
2.排名功能
A：班级排名：分本科生和研究生两类学生，计算每个学生总成绩在班级中的名次。
B：校级排名：分本科生和研究生两类学生，计算每个学生总成绩在全校中的名次。
说明：排名规则按体育竞赛规则，若出现两个并列第1名，下个名次为第3名，依此类推。
3.排序功能：分本科生和研究生两类人员，实现下列排序功能。
-
所有学生信息按总成绩从高到低排序并显示。
-
某个班学生信息按总成绩从高到低排序并显示。
4.查询功能：分本科生和研究生两类人员，实现下列查询功能。
-
分页显示全部学生的信息。分页功能：每页显示10条学生的信息，有上一页、下一页、首页和最后一页的功能。
-
能够按班级显示本班全部学生信息。注意：无需分页显示。
-
能够根据学号或者姓名查询学生信息。
-
能够在某个班级中查询某门课成绩不及格学生信息。注意：无需分页显示。
- 统计功能：分本科生和研究生两类人员，实现下列统计功能。
-
统计并显示某门课每个班的平均成绩。如果学生该门课没有成绩，则统计时忽略该生。
-
在某个班中统计并显示某门课程不同等级的学生人数。等级标准：优—成绩大于等于90；良—成绩大于等于80且小于90；中：成绩大于等于70且小于80；及格：成绩大于等于60且小于70；不及格：成绩小于60。
（三）系统的实现技术要求
-
学生用结构体表示，本科生和研究生分别用两个链表来存储表示。
-
必须用文件来存储学生信息。
A．建立本科生和研究生两个文件，分别存放两类学生的信息。
B. 开始运行程序时，从文件中读取学生信息链入到两个不同的链表。
C. 退出程序时将学生信息保存到不同的文件。
D. 主菜单有一个菜单项能够将学生信息保存到文件。
- 数据约束：
-
学号：整型、不能重复、从1开始依次递增、由软件自动计算产生，不能修改。
-
性别：男和女，必须使用枚举类型。
-
各种成绩：整型，取值范围为0-100。-1表示未有此项成绩。
-
其他：至少有两层菜单。
二、各个部分代码实现
1、创建学生结构体
// 定义学生信息结构体
typedef struct student {
// 基本信息
int id; // 学号
char name[30]; // 姓名
enum { MALE, FEMALE } gender; // 性别
char major[30]; // 专业
char Class[30]; // 班级
char research_field[30]; // 研究方向
char mentor[30]; // 导师姓名
// 成绩数据
int math_score; // 高数成绩
int english_score; // 英语成绩
int Cprogram_score; // C语言成绩
int compre_course_score; //课程综合成绩
int dissertation_score; //论文成绩
int total; // 总成绩
int rank_in_class; // 班级排名
int rank_in_school; // 校级排名
} Student;
// 定义链表结构体用于管理学生信息
typedef struct node {
Student data;
struct node *next;
} stu_List;
2、各部分功能实现
- 数据维护管理
/**********基本数据维护管理函数************/
// 添加学生信息
void add_student() {
int d;
stu_List *p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
printf("学生类型(0为本科生，1为研究生)：");
scanf("%d", &d);
printf("姓名：");
scanf("%s", p->data.name);
printf("性别(0为男，1为女)：");
scanf("%d", &p->data.gender);
printf("专业：");
scanf("%s", p->data.major);
printf("班级：");
scanf("%s", p->data.Class);
if (d != 0) {
printf("导师：");
scanf("%s", p->data.mentor);
printf("研究方向：");
scanf("%s", p->data.research_field);
}
p->data.id = maxid++;
p->next = NULL;
if (d == 0) {
if (L1 == NULL) {
L1 = p;
} else {
stu_List *p1 = L1;
while (p1->next != NULL) {
p1 = p1->next;
}
p1->next = p;
}
} else {
if (L2 == NULL) {
L2 = p;
} else {
stu_List *p1 = L2;
while (p1->next != NULL) {
p1 = p1->next;
}
p1->next = p;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
// 修改学生基本信息
void modify_basic_data() {
int x;
printf("请输入要修改学生的学号：");
scanf("%d", &x);
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int flag = 0;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != x) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
flag = 1;
printf("请输入要修改学生基本数据：\n");
printf("姓名：");
scanf("%s", p->data.name);
printf("性别(0为男，1为女)：");
scanf("%d", &p->data.gender);
printf("专业：");
scanf("%s", p->data.major);
printf("班级：");
scanf("%s", p->data.Class);
printf("修改成功！\n");
}
if (flag == 0) {
while (q != NULL && q->data.id != x) {
q = q->next;
}
if (q != NULL) {
printf("请输入要修改学生基本数据：\n");
printf("姓名：");
scanf("%s", q->data.name);
printf("性别(0为男，1为女)：");
scanf("%d", &q->data.gender);
printf("专业：");
scanf("%s", q->data.major);
printf("班级：");
scanf("%s", q->data.Class);
printf("导师：");
scanf("%s", q->data.mentor);
printf("研究方向：");
scanf("%s", q->data.research_field);
printf("修改成功！\n");
}
}
if (p == NULL && q == NULL) {
printf("查无此人！\n");
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//删除学生
void delete_student() {
int x;
printf("请输入要删除学生的学号：");
scanf("%d", &x);
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int flag = 0;
while (p->next != NULL && p->next->data.id != x) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p->next != NULL) {
flag = 1;
stu_List *tem = p->next;
p->next = tem->next;
free(tem);
printf("删除成功！\n");
}
if (flag == 0) {
while (q->next != NULL && q->next->data.id != x) {
q = q->next;
}
if (q->next != NULL) {
stu_List *tem = q->next;
q->next = tem->next;
tem->next = NULL;
free(tem);
printf("删除成功！\n");
}
}
if (p == NULL && q == NULL) {
printf("查无此人！\n");
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查找学生信息
void search_student() {
printf("请输入要查找学生学号：");
int id;
scanf("%d", &id);
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int flag = 0;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != id) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
flag = 1;
printf("姓名：%s\n学号：%d\n性别：%s\n专业：%s\n班级：%s\n",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
}
if (flag == 0) {
while (q != NULL && q->data.id != id) {
q = q->next;
}
if (q != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s\n学号：%d\n性别：%s\n专业：%s\n班级：%s\n导师：%s\n研究方向：%s\n",
q->data.name,
q->data.id,
q->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
q->data.major,
q->data.Class,
q->data.mentor,
q->data.research_field);
}
}
if (p == NULL && q == NULL) {
printf("查无此人！\n");
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
/************成绩数据维护管理************/
//添加修改删除学生成绩函数是同一个
void add_student_score() {
int x;
printf("请输入要添加成绩学生的学号：");
scanf("%d", &x);
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int flag = 0;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != x) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
flag = 1;
printf("请输入学生成绩：\n");
printf("高数成绩：");
scanf("%d", &p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言成绩：");
scanf("%d", &p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语成绩：");
scanf("%d", &p->data.english_score);
printf("添加成功！\n");
}
if (flag == 0) {
while (q != NULL && q->data.id != x) {
q = q->next;
}
if (q != NULL) {
printf("请输入学生成绩：\n");
printf("课程综合成绩：");
scanf("%d", &q->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：");
scanf("%d", &q->data.dissertation_score);
printf("添加成功！\n");
}
}
if (p == NULL && q == NULL) {
printf("查无此人！\n");
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查询学生成绩
void search_score() {
int x;
printf("请输入要查询学生的学号：");
scanf("%d", &x);
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int flag = 0;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != x) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
flag = 1;
printf("高数：%d\n", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%d\n", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%d\n", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%d\n", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
}
if (flag == 0) {
while (q != NULL && q->data.id != x) {
q = q->next;
}
if (q != NULL) {
printf("课程综合成绩：%d\n", q->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%d\n", q->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%d\n", q->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d\n", q->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", q->data.rank_in_school);
}
}
if (p == NULL && q == NULL) {
printf("查无此人！\n");
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//计算总成绩
void calculate_score() {
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
while (p != NULL) {
p->data.total = 0;
if (p->data.math_score != -1)
p->data.total += p->data.math_score;
if (p->data.english_score != -1)
p->data.total += p->data.english_score;
if (p->data.Cprogram_score != -1)
p->data.total += p->data.Cprogram_score;
p = p->next;
}
while (q != NULL) {
q->data.total = 0;
if (q->data.compre_course_score != -1)
q->data.total += q->data.compre_course_score;
if (q->data.dissertation_score != -1)
q->data.total += q->data.dissertation_score;
q = q->next;
}
}
- 排序功能
/************* 排名函数***********/
void classify_class(stu_List *classMap1[], stu_List *classMap2[]) {
// 遍历链表，按照班级分组
stu_List *current1 = L1, *current2 = L2;
while (current1 != NULL) {
int classID = current1->data.Class[0] - '0';
// 检查该班级是否在哈希表中
if (classMap1[classID] == NULL) {
// 如果班级不在哈希表中，创建一个新节点作为头节点
stu_List *p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
p->data = current1->data;
p->next = NULL;
classMap1[classID] = p;
} else {
// 如果班级已存在，将当前学生插入到链表末尾
stu_List *p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
p->data = current1->data;
p->next = NULL;
stu_List *tail = classMap1[classID];
while (tail->next != NULL) {
tail = tail->next;
}
tail->next = p;
}
current1 = current1->next;
}
while (current2 != NULL) {
int classID = current2->data.Class[0] - '0';
// 检查该班级是否在哈希表中
if (classMap2[classID] == NULL) {
// 如果班级不在哈希表中，创建一个新节点作为头节点
stu_List *p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
p->data = current2->data;
p->next = NULL;
classMap2[classID] = p;
} else {
// 如果班级已存在，将当前学生插入到链表末尾
stu_List *p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
p->data = current2->data;
p->next = NULL;
stu_List *tail = classMap2[classID];
while (tail->next != NULL) {
tail = tail->next;
}
tail->next = p;
}
current2 = current2->next;
}
}
// 计算排名
// 分组并对每个班级学生进行排名
void rank_Class(stu_List *classMap1[],stu_List *classMap2[]) {
// 使用哈希表，键为班级，值为链表头节点指针
classify_class(classMap1, classMap2);
// 对每个班级的学生列表进行排序和排名
for (int i = 1; i < Class_number; i++) {
if (classMap1[i] != NULL) {
// 对该班级的学生列表进行排序
stu_List *curr = classMap1[i];
while (curr != NULL) {
stu_List *s = curr;
stu_List *p = curr->next;
while (p != NULL) {
if (s->data.total < p->data.total) {
s = p;
}
p = p->next;
}
// 交换节点数据
Student temp = curr->data;
curr->data = s->data;
s->data = temp;
curr = curr->next;
}
// 设置学生的名次
int cnt=1;
stu_List *cur = classMap1[i];
cur->data.rank_in_class = cnt;
while (cur->next != NULL) {
cnt++;
if (cur->data.total == cur->next->data.total) {
cur->next->data.rank_in_class = cur->data.rank_in_class;
} else {
cur->next->data.rank_in_class = cnt;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
}
// 将排名信息同步到原始链表中
stu_List *cur = classMap1[i];
while (cur != NULL) {
stu_List*current1 = L1;
while (current1 != NULL) {
if (current1->data.id == cur->data.id) {
current1->data.rank_in_class = cur->data.rank_in_class;
break;
}
current1 = current1->next;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i < Class_number; i++) {
if (classMap2[i] != NULL) {
// 对该班级的学生列表进行排序
stu_List *curr = classMap2[i];
while (curr != NULL) {
stu_List *s = curr;
stu_List *p = curr->next;
while (p != NULL) {
if (s->data.total < p->data.total) {
s = p;
}
p = p->next;
}
// 交换节点数据
Student temp = curr->data;
curr->data = s->data;
s->data = temp;
curr = curr->next;
}
// 设置学生的名次
int cnt=1;
stu_List *cur = classMap2[i];
cur->data.rank_in_class = cnt;
while (cur->next != NULL) {
cnt++;
if (cur->data.total == cur->next->data.total) {
cur->next->data.rank_in_class = cur->data.rank_in_class;
} else {
cur->next->data.rank_in_class =cnt;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
}
// 将排名信息同步到原始链表中
stu_List *cur = classMap2[i];
while (cur != NULL) {
stu_List*current2 = L2;
while (current2 != NULL) {
if (current2->data.id == cur->data.id) {
current2->data.rank_in_class = cur->data.rank_in_class;
break;
}
current2 = current2->next;
}
cur = cur->next;
}
}
}
//校级排名
void rank_school() {
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
stu_List *curr = p;
while (curr != NULL) {
stu_List *s1 = curr;
stu_List *s2 = curr->next;
while (s2 != NULL) {
if (s1->data.total < s2->data.total) {
s1 = s2;
}
s2 = s2->next;
}
// 交换节点数据
Student temp = curr->data;
curr->data = s1->data;
s1->data = temp;
curr = curr->next;
}
// 设置学生的名次
int cnt=1;
stu_List *cur1 = p;
cur1->data.rank_in_school = cnt;
while (cur1->next != NULL) {
cnt++;
if (cur1->data.total == cur1->next->data.total) {
cur1->next->data.rank_in_school = cur1->data.rank_in_school;
} else {
cur1->next->data.rank_in_school = cnt;
}
cur1 = cur1->next;
}
// 将排名信息同步到原始链表中
curr = q;
while (curr != NULL) {
stu_List *s1 = curr;
stu_List *s2 = curr->next;
while (s2 != NULL) {
if (s1->data.total < s2->data.total) {
s1 = s2;
}
s2 = s2->next;
}
// 交换节点数据
Student temp = curr->data;
curr->data = s1->data;
s1->data = temp;
curr = curr->next;
}
// 设置学生的名次
int cnt1= 1;
stu_List *cur2 = q;
cur2->data.rank_in_school = cnt1;
while (cur2->next != NULL) {
cnt1++;
if (cur2->data.total == cur2->next->data.total) {
cur2->next->data.rank_in_school = cur2->data.rank_in_school;
} else {
cur2->next->data.rank_in_school = cnt1;
}
cur2 = cur2->next;
}
}
/*************排序函数*************/
void sort_print() {
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
printf("\t\t\t**************本科生全部信息**************\n");
printf("\n \n");
while (p != NULL) {
printf("\n姓名：%s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%2d ", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", p->data.total);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
p = p->next;
}
printf("\n\t\t\t**************研究生全部信息**************\n");
printf("\n \n");
while (q != NULL) {
printf("\n姓名：%s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
q->data.name,
q->data.id,
q->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
q->data.major,
q->data.Class);
printf("综合课程成绩：%2d ", q->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", q->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", q->data.total);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", q->data.rank_in_school);
q = q->next;
}
}
void class_search() {
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
int k;
printf("请输入你要查询班级:");
scanf("%d",&k);
rank_Class(classMap1,classMap2);
if (classMap1[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap1[k];
while (p != NULL) {
printf("\n姓名：%s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%2d ", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d\n", p->data.rank_in_class);
p=p->next;
}
} else if (classMap2[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap2[k];
while (p != NULL) {
printf("\n姓名：%s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", p->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", p->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d\n", p->data.rank_in_class);
p=p->next;
}
} else {
printf("查无此班级！\n");
}
}
- 查询功能
/**************查询函数************/
// 显示所有学生信息
void displayAllStudents() {
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
int i = 0, j = 0, k;
stu_List a[MAX_SIZE], b[MAX_SIZE];
while (p != NULL) {
a[i++] = *p;
p = p->next;
}
int c = i / 10;
while (q != NULL) {
b[j++] = *q;
q = q->next;
}
int d = j / 10;
printf("\t\t\t************本科生全部信息********\n");
while (1) {
printf("\n\t1-首页\t2-上一页\t3-下一页\t4-尾页\t5-研究生信息\n");
printf("请选择->");
scanf("%d", &k);
int page1 = 1;
switch (k) {
case 1:
page1 = 1;
for (int l = 0; l < 10 && l < i; l++) {
printf("\n姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
a[l].data.name,
a[l].data.id,
a[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
a[l].data.major,
a[l].data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", a[l].data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", a[l].data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语： %2d ", a[l].data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", a[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", a[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", a[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 2:
page1--;
if (page1 == 1) {
for (int l = 0; l < 10 && l < i; l++) {
printf("\n姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
a[l].data.name,
a[l].data.id,
a[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
a[l].data.major,
a[l].data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", a[l].data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", a[l].data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语： %2d ", a[l].data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", a[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", a[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", a[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
} else {
for (int l = (page1 - 1) * 10; l < page1 * 10 && l < i; l++) {
printf("\n姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
a[l].data.name,
a[l].data.id,
a[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
a[l].data.major,
a[l].data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", a[l].data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", a[l].data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语： %2d ", a[l].data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", a[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", a[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", a[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
}
break;
case 3:
page1++;
for (int l = (page1 - 1) * 10; l < page1 * 10 && l < i; l++) {
printf("\n姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
a[l].data.name,
a[l].data.id,
a[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
a[l].data.major,
a[l].data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", a[l].data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", a[l].data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语： %2d ", a[l].data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", a[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", a[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", a[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 4:
page1 = d + 1;
for (int l = page1 * 10; l < i; l++) {
printf("\n姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
a[l].data.name,
a[l].data.id,
a[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
a[l].data.major,
a[l].data.Class);
printf("高数：%2d ", a[l].data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%2d ", a[l].data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语： %2d ", a[l].data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", a[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", a[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", a[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 5:
goto start;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！！\n");
}
}
start:
printf("\t\t\t************研究生全部信息********\n");
while (1) {
printf("\t1-首页\t2-上一页\t3-下一页\t4-尾页\t5-退出\n");
scanf("%d", &k);
int page2 = 1;
switch (k) {
case 1:
page2 = 1;
for (int l = 0; l < 10 && l < j; l++) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
b[l].data.name,
b[l].data.id,
b[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
b[l].data.major,
b[l].data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", b[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", b[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 2:
page2--;
if (page2 == 1) {
for (int l = 0; l < 10 && l < j; l++) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
b[l].data.name,
b[l].data.id,
b[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
b[l].data.major,
b[l].data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", b[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", b[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
} else {
for (int l = (page2 - 1) * 10; l < page2 * 10 && l < j; l++) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
b[l].data.name,
b[l].data.id,
b[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
b[l].data.major,
b[l].data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", b[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", b[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
}
break;
case 3:
page2++;
for (int l = (page2 - 1) * 10; l < page2 * 10 && l < j; l++) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
b[l].data.name,
b[l].data.id,
b[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
b[l].data.major,
b[l].data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", b[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", b[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 4:
page2 = d + 1;
for (int l = page2 * 10; l < j; l++) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%2d 性别：%s 专业：%20s\t\t班级：%s\t",
b[l].data.name,
b[l].data.id,
b[l].data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
b[l].data.major,
b[l].data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%2d ", b[l].data.total);
printf("班级排名：%2d ", b[l].data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%2d\n", b[l].data.rank_in_school);
}
break;
case 5:
return ;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！！\n");
}
}
}
// 按班级显示学生信息
void display_class() {
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
int k;
printf("请输入你要查询班级：");
scanf("%d",&k);
classify_class(classMap1, classMap2);
if (classMap1[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap1[k];
while (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s\t学号：%d\t性别：%s\t专业：%s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%d ", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%d ", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%d ", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
p=p->next;
}
} else if (classMap2[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap2[k];
while (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%d ", p->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%d ", p->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
p=p->next;
}
} else {
printf("查无此班级！\n");
}
}
// 按学号/姓名查询学生信息
void search_id_or_name() {
int d;
char name[20];
printf("请输入学号(不知道请输入0):");
scanf("%d",&d);
printf("或者姓名：（不知道请输入“NULL”）");
scanf("%s",name);
if (d != 0) {
stu_List *p = L1;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != d) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%d ", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%d ", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%d ", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
return;
} else {
stu_List *p = L2;
while (p != NULL && p->data.id != d) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%d ", p->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%d ", p->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
return;
}
}
} else {
stu_List *p = L1;
while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->data.name, name) != 0) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%d ", p->data.math_score);
printf("C语言：%d ", p->data.Cprogram_score);
printf("英语：%d ", p->data.english_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
return;
} else {
stu_List *p = L2;
while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->data.name, name) == 0) {
p = p->next;
}
if (p != NULL) {
printf("姓名：%s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%s 班级：%s ",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%d ", p->data.compre_course_score);
printf("论文成绩：%d ", p->data.dissertation_score);
printf("总成绩：%d ", p->data.total);
printf("班级排名：%d ", p->data.rank_in_class);
printf("校级排名：%d\n", p->data.rank_in_school);
return;
}
}
}
}
// 按班级查询不及格学生信息
void search_failed_students() {
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
int k;
char course[20];
printf("请输入你要查询班级：");
scanf("%d",&k);
printf("请输入要查询的课程:");
scanf("%s",course);
classify_class(classMap1, classMap2);
if (classMap1[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap1[k];
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "C语言") == 0 && p->data.Cprogram_score < 60) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%10s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("C语言：%d\n", p->data.Cprogram_score);
} else if (strcmp(course, "高数") == 0 && p->data.math_score < 60) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%10s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("高数：%d\n", p->data.math_score);
} else if (strcmp(course, "英语") == 0 && p->data.english_score < 60) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%10s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("英语：%d\n", p->data.english_score);
}
p=p->next;
}
} else if (classMap2[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap2[k];
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "课程综合") == 0 && p->data.compre_course_score != -1) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%10s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("课程综合成绩：%d\n", p->data.compre_course_score);
} else if (strcmp(course, "论文") == 0 && p->data.dissertation_score != -1) {
printf("姓名：%10s 学号：%d 性别：%s 专业：%10s\t班级：%s\t",
p->data.name,
p->data.id,
p->data.gender == MALE ? "男" : "女",
p->data.major,
p->data.Class);
printf("论文成绩：%d\n", p->data.dissertation_score);
}
p=p->next;
}
}
}
- 统计功能
/*************统计功能***************/
// 统计并显示某门课每个班的平均成绩
void calculate_Average_Class() {
char course[20];
int k;
printf("你想查询0-本科生，还是1-研究生课程：（请输入数字)");
scanf("%d",&k);
printf("你想查询哪门课程信息:");
scanf("%s",course);
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
classify_class(classMap1, classMap2);
if (k == 0) {
for (int i = 1; i < Class_number&&classMap1[i]!=NULL; i++) {
stu_List *p = classMap1[i];
int sum = 0, cnt = 0;
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "C语言") == 0 && p->data.Cprogram_score != -1) {
sum += p->data.Cprogram_score;
cnt++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "高数") == 0 && p->data.math_score != -1) {
sum += p->data.math_score;
cnt++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "英语") == 0 && p->data.english_score != -1) {
sum += p->data.english_score;
cnt++;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("%d班%s平均成绩：%.2f\n", i, course, sum * 1.0 / (cnt - 1));
}
} else {
for (int i = 1; i < Class_number&&classMap2[i]!=NULL; i++) {
stu_List *p = classMap2[i];
int sum = 0, cnt = 0;
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "综合课程") == 0 && p->data.Cprogram_score != -1) {
sum += p->data.compre_course_score;
cnt++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "论文") == 0 && p->data.math_score != -1) {
sum += p->data.dissertation_score;
cnt++;
}
p = p->next;
}
printf("%d班%s平均成绩：%.2f\n", i, course, sum * 1.0 / (cnt - 1));
}
}
}
// 统计并显示某个班级某门课程不同等级的学生人数
void calculate_Display_Grade() {
char course[20];
int k;
printf("请输入要查询班级(数字):");
scanf("%d",&k);
printf("你想查询哪门课程信息：");
scanf("%s",course);
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
classify_class(classMap1, classMap2);
int level[5] = {0};
if (classMap1[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap1[k];
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "C语言") == 0 && p->data.Cprogram_score != -1) {
if (p->data.Cprogram_score >= 90)
level[0]++;
else if (p->data.Cprogram_score >= 80 && p->data.Cprogram_score < 90)
level[1]++;
else if (p->data.Cprogram_score >= 70 && p->data.Cprogram_score < 80)
level[2]++;
else if (p->data.Cprogram_score >= 60 && p->data.Cprogram_score < 70)
level[3]++;
else
level[4]++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "高数") == 0 && p->data.math_score != -1) {
if (p->data.math_score >= 90)
level[0]++;
else if (p->data.math_score >= 80 && p->data.math_score < 90)
level[1]++;
else if (p->data.math_score >= 70 && p->data.math_score < 80)
level[2]++;
else if (p->data.math_score >= 60 && p->data.math_score < 70)
level[3]++;
else
level[4]++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "英语") == 0 && p->data.english_score != -1) {
if (p->data.english_score >= 90)
level[0]++;
else if (p->data.english_score >= 80 && p->data.english_score < 90)
level[1]++;
else if (p->data.english_score >= 70 && p->data.english_score < 80)
level[2]++;
else if (p->data.english_score >= 60 && p->data.english_score < 70)
level[3]++;
else
level[4]++;
}
p = p->next;
}
} else if (classMap2[k] != NULL) {
stu_List *p = classMap2[k];
while (p != NULL) {
if (strcmp(course, "综合课程") == 0 && p->data.compre_course_score != -1) {
if (p->data.compre_course_score >= 90)
level[0]++;
else if (p->data.compre_course_score >= 80 && p->data.compre_course_score < 90)
level[1]++;
else if (p->data.compre_course_score >= 70 && p->data.compre_course_score < 80)
level[2]++;
else if (p->data.compre_course_score >= 60 && p->data.compre_course_score < 70)
level[3]++;
else
level[4]++;
} else if (strcmp(course, "论文") == 0 && p->data.dissertation_score != -1) {
if (p->data.dissertation_score >= 90)
level[0]++;
else if (p->data.dissertation_score >= 80 && p->data.dissertation_score < 90)
level[1]++;
else if (p->data.dissertation_score >= 70 && p->data.dissertation_score < 80)
level[2]++;
else if (p->data.dissertation_score >= 60 && p->data.dissertation_score < 70)
level[3]++;
else
level[4]++;
}
p = p->next;
}
}
printf("%d班%s课程不同等级的学生人数如下：\n", k, course);
printf("优：%d人\n", level[0]);
printf("良：%d人\n", level[1]);
printf("中：%d人\n", level[2]);
printf("及格：%d人\n", level[3]);
printf("不及格：%d人\n", level[4]);
}
- 保存信息到文件
// 读取/保存学生信息到文件
void read_From_File() {
stu_List *p = NULL, *q = NULL;
FILE *fp = fopen("undergraduate.txt", "rb");
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("文件打开失败！\n");
} else {
while (1) {
p = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
if (fread(p, sizeof(stu_List), 1, fp) != 1) {
free(p);
break;
}
p->next = NULL;
if (L1 == NULL)
L1 = p;
else {
p->next = L1->next;
L1->next = p;
}
}
}
fclose(fp);
fp = fopen("postgraduate.txt", "rb");
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("文件打开失败！\n");
} else {
while (1) {
q = (stu_List *)malloc(sizeof(stu_List));
if (fread(q, sizeof(stu_List), 1, fp) != 1) {
free(q);
break;
}
q->next = NULL;
if (L2 == NULL)
L2 = q;
else {
q->next = L2->next;
L2->next = q;
}
}
}
fclose(fp);
}
void save_To_File() {
stu_List *p = L1, *q = L2;
FILE *fp = fopen("undergraduate.txt", "wb");
while (p != NULL && fwrite(p, sizeof(stu_List), 1, fp) == 1) {
p = p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
fp = fopen("postgraduate.txt", "wb");
while (q != NULL && fwrite(q, sizeof(stu_List), 1, fp) == 1) {
q = q->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
void read_maxid() {
FILE *fp = fopen("student_id.txt", "r");
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("文件打开失败！\n");
return;
}
fscanf(fp, "%d", &maxid);
fclose(fp);
}
void save_maxid() {
FILE *fp = fopen("student_id.txt", "w");
fprintf(fp, "%d", maxid);
fclose(fp);
}
- 菜单管理
void studentManagerMenu(){
printf(" 1.基本资料数据的维护管理 \n");
printf(" 2.成绩数据的维护管理 \n");
int i,j;
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&i);
switch(i){
case 1:
printf(" 1.添加学生基本资料数据 \n");
printf(" 2.修改学生基本资料数据 \n");
printf(" 3.删除学生基本资料数据 \n");
printf(" 4.查询学生基本资料数据 \n");
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&j);
switch(j){
case 1:
add_student();break;
case 2:
modify_basic_data();break;
case 3:
delete_student();break;
case 4:
search_student();break;
}
break;
case 2:
printf(" 1.添加/修改/删除学生成绩资料数据 \n");
printf(" 2.查询学生成绩资料数据 \n");
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&j);
switch(j){
case 1:
add_student_score();break;
case 2:
search_score();break;
}
break;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
void searchMenu(){
stu_List *classMap1[Class_number] = {NULL}, *classMap2[Class_number] = {NULL};
printf(" 1.显示全部学生信息 \n");
printf(" 2.按班级显示学生信息 \n");
printf(" 3.学号/姓名显示学生信息 \n");
printf(" 4.按班级显示不及格学生信息 \n");
int i;
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&i);
switch(i){
case 1:
calculate_score();
rank_Class(classMap1,classMap2);
rank_school();
displayAllStudents();break;
case 2:
calculate_score();
rank_Class(classMap1,classMap2);
rank_school();
display_class();break;
case 3:
calculate_score();
rank_Class(classMap1,classMap2);
rank_school();
search_id_or_name();
case 4:
calculate_score();
rank_Class(classMap1,classMap2);
rank_school();
search_failed_students();break;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
void sortMenu(){
calculate_score();
printf(" 1.所有学生排名显示 \n");
printf(" 2.按班级排名显示 \n");
int i;
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&i);
switch(i){
case 1:
rank_school();
sort_print();
system("pause");
system("cls");break;
case 2:
class_search();
system("pause");
system("cls");break;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
void statisticMenu(){
printf(" 1.班级课程平均成绩 \n");
printf(" 2.班级课程不同等级人数 \n");
int i;
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d",&i);
switch(i){
case 1:
calculate_Average_Class();break;
case 2:
calculate_Display_Grade();break;
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
- 主函数
int main() {
read_maxid();
read_From_File();
int i;
while (1) {
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" 欢迎使用高校学生信息管理系统 \n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" 请选择系统功能 \n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" 1.学生数据管理菜单 \n");
printf(" 2.查询菜单 \n");
printf(" 3.排序菜单 \n");
printf(" 4.统计菜单 \n");
printf(" 0.退出系统 \n");
printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("请选择:>");
scanf("%d", &i);
switch (i) {
case 1:
studentManagerMenu();
break;
case 2:
searchMenu();
break;
case 3:
sortMenu();
break;
case 4:
statisticMenu();
break;
case 0:
save_To_File();
save_maxid();
printf("感谢您的使用,再见!");
exit(0);
default:
printf("输入错误，请重试！\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
}
return 0;
}
