写译 — 先来先服务算法 (FCFS) 你了解多少？

• Author : Cyan_RA9
• 和大家分享英语写译，包括计算机英文教材，计算机基础，中英文诗词，英文名著，日常对话等，每一篇文章 我都会分别给出“原文内容”，“第一版翻译” 和 “第二版翻译”，以及“生词整理”共四部分。
• 写译 — 先来先服务算法（FCFS）你了解多少？

【原文内容】

1. 先来先服务（FCFS, First-Come, First-Served）：
   • 工作原理：也称为FIFO（First In First Out），可以适用于作业调度，进程调度；每次进程调度时，系统会从就绪队列中选择一个最先进入该队列的进程，将该进程的状态转为执行态并为其分配处理器资源，直到下一个调度的时机到来。
   • 适用情景：批处理系统，任务执行时间差异不大的场景。
   • 优点：逻辑简单，公平性较高。
   • 缺点：可能导致“饥饿”现象，因为长作业会阻塞短作业；效率差，平均等待时间较长；不适合交互式系统，无法实现人机交互；未考虑到不同进程间的差异性（例如进程的紧急性），更加偏向处理器密集型进程 和 长进程。

【第一版翻译：（润色前，手译）】

1. FCFS (First-Come, First-Served) :
   • FUNCTION FUNDAMENTALS : also known as FIFO(First In First Out), it's adaptive to both Job Scheduling and Process Scheduling; When it's time to make a process scheduling, the system chooses the first come process in the ready queue and then transition its state into executive state and then allocate processor resource to it till next chance of scheduling.
   • APPLICABLE SCENARIOS : Batch Processing System, or other scenes where time needed to execute tasks differs inconspicuously.
   • ADVANTAGES : its logic is easy to understand; and its fairness is relatively high.
   • DISADVANTAGES : it may cause "Starvation" because long jobs can block short jobs; and its efficiency performance is poor with a relatively long Average Waiting Time; and it's not suitable for interactive systems because it can't achieve Human-Computer Interaction(HCI); it doesn't consider diversity between different processes(Like processes' urgency); and it leans in favor of CPU-intensive Processes and Long Processes.

【第二版翻译：（润色后，雅思水准）】

1. FCFS (First-Come, First-Served) :
   • FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES : Also known as FIFO(First In First Out), FCFS is applicable to both Job Scheduling and Process Scheduling; During each process scheduling event, the system selects the process that first entered the ready queue and then transitions its state into the running state and then allocates processor resource to it until the next scheduling opportunity arises.
   • APPLICABLE SCENARIOS : Batch Processing Systems, or contexts where task execution times do not vary significantly.
   • ADVANTAGES : its logic is simple and easy to understand; and its fairness is relatively high.
   • DISADVANTAGES : it may lead to "Starvation" because long jobs can block short jobs; and its efficiency performance is poor with a relatively long Average Waiting Time; and it's not suitable for interactive systems because it cannot facilitate Human-Computer Interaction(HCI); it fails to consider the variability among different processes(Like processes' urgency); and it leans in favor of CPU-intensive Processes and Long Processes.

【生词整理】

• FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES：phrase.工作原理
• applicable to：phrase.适用于...
• ready queue：phrase.就绪队列
• the running state：phrase.执行态
• APPLICABLE SCENARIOS ：phrase.使用情景
• Batch Processing System：phrase.批处理系统
• task execution times：phrase.任务执行时间
• do not vary significantly：phrase.差异不大
• fairness：n.公平性，公平，公正
• starvation：n.饥饿，挨饿，饿死
• Average Waiting Time：phrase.平均等待时间
• interactive system：phrase.交互式系统
• Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)：phrase.人机交互
• variability：n.差异性（更侧重于性能或属性的差异）
• CPU-intensive processes：phrase.处理器密集型进程

【写译手稿】