该问题出现在用户尝试使用python3 -m pip install ipykernel命令为 Jupyter 安装 Python 3 内核时。在执行该命令后,用户遇到了异常:
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2482, in _dep_map
return self.__dep_map
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2344, in __getattr__
raise AttributeError(attr)
AttributeError: _DistInfoDistribution__dep_map
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 278, in run
requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1266, in prepare_files
req_to_install.extras):
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2291, in requires
dm = self._dep_map
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2484, in _dep_map
self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2508, in _compute_dependencies
parsed = next(parse_requirements(distvers))
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2605, in parse_requirements
line, p, specs = scan_list(VERSION,LINE_END,line,p,(1,2),"version spec")
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/setuptools-3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl/pkg_resources.py", line 2583, in scan_list
"Expected ',' or end-of-list in",line,"at",line[p:]
ValueError: ("Expected ',' or end-of-list in", 'pytest ==3.2.*', 'at', '*')
2. 解决方案
为了解决此问题,请尝试以下步骤:
- 确保您已安装 Python 3。
使用以下命令检查 Python 3 是否已安装:
python --version
此命令应该输出类似以下的内容:
Python 3.x.x
- 如果 Python 3 未安装,请安装它。
您可以通过以下方式安装 Python 3:
- 从 Python 官网下载 Python 3 安装程序并运行它。
- 使用您的软件包管理器安装 Python 3(例如,在 Ubuntu 上使用
apt install python3)。
- 安装 ipykernel。
使用以下命令安装 ipykernel:
pip install ipykernel
此命令应该成功安装 ipykernel。
- 将 Python 3 内核添加到 Jupyter。
使用以下命令将 Python 3 内核添加到 Jupyter:
ipython kernel install --user --name=python3
此命令应该成功将 Python 3 内核添加到 Jupyter。
- 检查 Jupyter 中是否可用 Python 3 内核。
使用以下命令检查 Jupyter 中是否可用 Python 3 内核:
jupyter kernelspec list
此命令应该输出类似以下的内容:
Available kernels:
python2 /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python2
python3 /usr/local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
现在,您应该能够在 Jupyter 中使用 Python 3 内核了。