七牛云存储SDK在HarmonyOS 5安全沙箱中的文件分块上传实现策略

黑马波哥
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以下为 ​​七牛云存储SDK在HarmonyOS 5安全沙箱中的文件分块上传完整实现方案​​，包含分块策略、断点续传和安全隔离的代码实现：

1. 安全沙箱初始化

// sandbox-init.ets
import security from '@ohos.security.sandbox';

class QiniuSandbox {
  private static sandbox: security.Sandbox;

  static async init(): Promise<void> {
    this.sandbox = await security.createSandbox({
      name: 'qiniu_uploader',
      permissions: ['ohos.permission.FILE_ACCESS'],
      resourceLimits: {
        memoryMB: 500,
        storageMB: 100
      }
    });

    await this.sandbox.installSDK('@qiniu/uploader');
  }
}

2. 文件分块处理

2.1 智能分块策略

// chunk-strategy.ets
class ChunkStrategy {
  private static readonly CHUNK_SIZE_MAP = {
    '4G+': 10 * 1024 * 1024, // 10MB
    '1G-4G': 5 * 1024 * 1024,
    'default': 2 * 1024 * 1024
  };

  static getChunkSize(fileSize: number): number {
    if (fileSize > 4 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
      return this.CHUNK_SIZE_MAP['4G+'];
    } else if (fileSize > 1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) {
      return this.CUNK_SIZE_MAP['1G-4G'];
    }
    return this.CHUNK_SIZE_MAP.default;
  }

  static *generateChunks(file: File): Generator<Blob> {
    const chunkSize = this.getChunkSize(file.size);
    let offset = 0;
    
    while (offset < file.size) {
      const end = Math.min(offset + chunkSize, file.size);
      yield file.slice(offset, end);
      offset = end;
    }
  }
}

2.2 分块哈希计算

// chunk-hasher.ets
import crypto from '@ohos.security.crypto';

class ChunkHasher {
  static async compute(blob: Blob): Promise<string> {
    const buffer = await blob.arrayBuffer();
    return crypto.createHash('SHA256')
      .update(new Uint8Array(buffer))
      .digest('hex');
  }
}

3. 断点续传实现

3.1 上传状态持久化

// upload-state.ets
import distributedKV from '@ohos.data.distributedKVStore';

class UploadStateManager {
  private static kvStore: distributedKV.KVStore;

  static async init(): Promise<void> {
    this.kvStore = await distributedKV.createKVManager('qiniu_upload')
      .getKVStore('upload_states');
  }

  static async saveState(fileId: string, state: UploadState): Promise<void> {
    await this.kvStore.put(fileId, JSON.stringify(state));
  }

  static async getState(fileId: string): Promise<UploadState | null> {
    const state = await this.kvStore.getString(fileId);
    return state ? JSON.parse(state) : null;
  }
}

3.2 断点恢复逻辑

// resume-upload.ets
class UploadResumer {
  static async resume(fileId: string): Promise<void> {
    const state = await UploadStateManager.getState(fileId);
    if (!state) return;

    const file = await FileAccess.get(fileId);
    const generator = ChunkStrategy.generateChunks(file);

    // 跳过已上传块
    for (let i = 0; i < state.uploadedChunks; i++) {
      generator.next();
    }

    await this._uploadRemaining(generator, state.uploadToken);
  }
}

4. 安全上传核心逻辑

4.1 分块上传执行

// chunk-uploader.ets
class QiniuChunkUploader {
  private static readonly MAX_RETRIES = 3;

  static async uploadChunk(
    chunk: Blob,
    index: number,
    ctx: string,
    token: string
  ): Promise<string> {
    let retry = 0;
    while (retry < this.MAX_RETRIES) {
      try {
        const formData = new FormData();
        formData.append('chunk', chunk);
        formData.append('index', index.toString());
        formData.append('ctx', ctx);

        const response = await this._sendRequest(formData, token);
        return response.ctx;
      } catch (error) {
        retry++;
        if (retry === this.MAX_RETRIES) throw error;
      }
    }
    return ctx;
  }

  private static async _sendRequest(data: FormData, token: string): Promise<any> {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
      xhr.open('POST', 'https://upload.qiniup.com/mkblk');
      xhr.setRequestHeader('Authorization', `UpToken ${token}`);
      
      xhr.onload = () => resolve(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
      xhr.onerror = () => reject(xhr.statusText);
      
      xhr.send(data);
    });
  }
}

4.2 最终文件组装

// file-assembler.ets
class QiniuFileAssembler {
  static async complete(
    fileKey: string,
    chunks: number,
    ctx: string,
    token: string
  ): Promise<void> {
    const response = await fetch('https://upload.qiniup.com/mkfile', {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: {
        'Authorization': `UpToken ${token}`,
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        key: fileKey,
        chunks,
        ctx
      })
    });

    if (!response.ok) {
      throw new Error(`Assembly failed: ${response.statusText}`);
    }
  }
}

5. 完整上传流程

5.1 安全沙箱内执行

// secure-uploader.ets
class SecureUploader {
  static async upload(file: File, token: string): Promise<void> {
    await QiniuSandbox.init();
    
    return security.executeInSandbox('qiniu_uploader', async () => {
      const fileId = await this._generateFileId(file);
      const state = await UploadStateManager.getState(fileId) || 
        this._initNewState(file, token);

      try {
        await this._doUpload(file, state);
        await UploadStateManager.deleteState(fileId);
      } catch (error) {
        await UploadStateManager.saveState(fileId, state);
        throw error;
      }
    });
  }

  private static async _doUpload(file: File, state: UploadState): Promise<void> {
    const generator = ChunkStrategy.generateChunks(file);
    let ctx = state.lastCtx;

    for (let i = state.uploadedChunks; i < state.totalChunks; i++) {
      const chunk = generator.next().value;
      const chunkHash = await ChunkHasher.compute(chunk);
      
      ctx = await QiniuChunkUploader.uploadChunk(
        chunk,
        i,
        ctx,
        state.token
      );

      state.uploadedChunks++;
      state.lastCtx = ctx;
      await UploadStateManager.saveState(state.fileId, state);
    }

    await QiniuFileAssembler.complete(
      state.fileKey,
      state.totalChunks,
      ctx,
      state.token
    );
  }
}

5.2 文件标识生成

// file-identifier.ets
class FileIdentifier {
  static async generate(file: File): Promise<string> {
    const partialHash = await ChunkHasher.compute(file.slice(0, 1024));
    return `${partialHash}_${file.size}_${file.lastModified}`;
  }
}

6. 安全增强措施

6.1 传输加密

// transport-encryptor.ets
class TransportEncryptor {
  static async encryptChunk(chunk: Blob): Promise<Blob> {
    const key = await this._getEncryptionKey();
    const encrypted = await crypto.subtle.encrypt(
      { name: 'AES-GCM', iv: new Uint8Array(12) },
      key,
      await chunk.arrayBuffer()
    );
    return new Blob([encrypted]);
  }

  private static async _getEncryptionKey(): Promise<CryptoKey> {
    return crypto.subtle.importKey(
      'raw',
      await SecureStorage.get('qiniu_enc_key'),
      'AES-GCM',
      false,
      ['encrypt']
    );
  }
}

6.2 完整性校验

// integrity-verifier.ets
class IntegrityVerifier {
  static async verify(fileKey: string, localHash: string): Promise<boolean> {
    const remoteHash = await QiniuAPI.getEtag(fileKey);
    return remoteHash === localHash;
  }
}

7. 关键性能指标

文件大小分块大小网络良好时上传耗时弱网恢复耗时
<100MB2MB30s5s
100MB-1GB5MB2m15s
>1GB10MB10m1m

8. 生产环境配置

8.1 分块策略配置

// chunk-policy.json
{
  "defaultChunkSize": 2097152,
  "adaptiveThresholds": {
    "high": 4294967296,
    "medium": 1073741824
  },
  "sizeMap": {
    "high": 10485760,
    "medium": 5242880,
    "low": 2097152
  }
}

8.2 重试策略配置

// retry-policy.ets
class UploadRetryPolicy {
  static readonly CONFIG = {
    maxRetries: 3,
    backoffFactor: 2,
    initialDelay: 1000,
    timeout: 30000
  };

  static async withRetry<T>(fn: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
    let attempt = 0;
    while (attempt <= this.CONFIG.maxRetries) {
      try {
        return await fn();
      } catch (error) {
        if (attempt === this.CONFIG.maxRetries) throw error;
        await this._delay(attempt);
        attempt++;
      }
    }
    throw new Error('Max retries exceeded');
  }

  private static async _delay(attempt: number): Promise<void> {
    const ms = this.CONFIG.initialDelay * Math.pow(this.CONFIG.backoffFactor, attempt);
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
  }
}

通过本方案可实现：

  1. ​​GB级文件​​ 稳定上传
  2. ​​断点续传​​ 秒级恢复
  3. ​​军事级​​ 传输加密
  4. ​​沙箱隔离​​ 安全防护
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