智能家居测试：模拟200个设备同时上报HarmonyOS5分布式总线的压力

黑马波哥
112 阅读3分钟

以下为 ​​HarmonyOS 5分布式总线压力测试方案​​，模拟200个智能家居设备同时上报数据的完整实现代码：

1. 测试架构设计

image.png

2. 虚拟设备模拟器

2.1 设备工厂

// device-factory.ets
class VirtualDeviceFactory {
  static createDevices(count: number): VirtualDevice[] {
    return Array.from({ length: count }, (_, i) => ({
      id: `device_${i}`,
      type: ['light', 'thermostat', 'sensor'][i % 3],
      properties: {
        voltage: 220,
        status: 'online',
        lastReport: Date.now()
      },
      messageQueue: new MessageQueue(100) // 100条消息容量
    }));
  }
}

const DEVICES = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(200);

2.2 设备行为模拟

// device-simulator.ets
class DeviceSimulator {
  static async startReporting(device: VirtualDevice) {
    setInterval(() => {
      const payload = this.generatePayload(device);
      DistributedBus.publish(
        `/devices/${device.id}/report`,
        payload
      );
      
      // 记录设备状态
      device.properties.lastReport = Date.now();
      device.properties.batteryLevel = Math.max(0, 
        device.properties.batteryLevel - 0.01
      );
    }, this.getReportInterval(device.type));
  }

  private static generatePayload(device: VirtualDevice): DeviceData {
    const base: DeviceData = {
      timestamp: Date.now(),
      deviceId: device.id,
      deviceType: device.type
    };
    
    switch (device.type) {
      case 'light':
        return { ...base, brightness: Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) };
      case 'thermostat':
        return { ...base, temperature: 20 + Math.random() * 10 };
      case 'sensor':
        return { ...base, motion: Math.random() > 0.7 };
    }
  }
}

3. 分布式总线压力测试

3.1 总线负载生成

// bus-loader.ets
class BusLoadGenerator {
  static async startLoadTest() {
    const devices = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(200);
    
    // 启动所有设备上报
    devices.forEach(device => 
      DeviceSimulator.startReporting(device)
    );
    
    // 监控总线状态
    setInterval(() => this.monitorBus(), 1000);
  }

  private static monitorBus() {
    const stats = DistributedBus.getStats();
    PerformanceRecorder.record({
      timestamp: Date.now(),
      messagesPerSecond: stats.throughput,
      latency: stats.avgLatency,
      errorRate: stats.errorRate
    });
    
    if (stats.errorRate > 0.1) {
      AlertManager.notify('BUS_OVERLOAD', stats);
    }
  }
}

3.2 消息格式验证

// message-validator.ets
class MessageValidator {
  static validate(message: BusMessage): boolean {
    const schema = DeviceSchemas[message.deviceType];
    if (!schema) return false;
    
    return Object.entries(schema).every(([key, type]) => {
      if (message[key] === undefined) return false;
      return typeof message[key] === type;
    });
  }
}

DistributedBus.onMessage((topic, message) => {
  if (!MessageValidator.validate(message)) {
    FaultDetector.recordInvalidMessage(message);
  }
});

4. 性能监控系统

4.1 实时指标采集

// performance-monitor.ets
class PerformanceMonitor {
  private static metrics: PerfMetric[] = [];
  
  static start() {
    setInterval(() => {
      this.metrics.push({
        time: Date.now(),
        cpu: SystemMonitor.getCpuUsage(),
        mem: SystemMonitor.getMemoryUsage(),
        queue: MessageQueue.getPendingCount()
      });
      
      if (this.metrics.length > 60) {
        this.metrics.shift();
      }
    }, 1000);
  }

  static getReport(): PerfReport {
    return {
      avgCpu: average(this.metrics.map(m => m.cpu)),
      maxMem: Math.max(...this.metrics.map(m => m.mem)),
      queueBacklog: this.metrics[this.metrics.length - 1].queue
    };
  }
}

4.2 资源瓶颈检测

// bottleneck-detector.ets
class BottleneckDetector {
  static check() {
    const report = PerformanceMonitor.getReport();
    const bottlenecks: string[] = [];
    
    if (report.avgCpu > 90) {
      bottlenecks.push('CPU过载');
    }
    if (report.maxMem > 80) {
      bottlenecks.push('内存不足');
    }
    if (report.queueBacklog > 1000) {
      bottlenecks.push('消息积压');
    }
    
    return bottlenecks.length > 0 ? bottlenecks : ['无瓶颈'];
  }
}

5. 异常处理机制

5.1 设备离线模拟

// failure-injector.ets
class FailureInjector {
  static randomDisconnect(devices: VirtualDevice[]) {
    setInterval(() => {
      const target = devices[Math.floor(Math.random() * devices.length)];
      target.status = 'offline';
      
      setTimeout(() => {
        target.status = 'online';
      }, 5000 + Math.random() * 10000);
    }, 30000); // 每30秒随机断开一个设备
  }
}

5.2 消息重试机制

// retry-manager.ets
class MessageRetryManager {
  private static retryQueue: Message[] = [];
  
  static handleFailed(message: Message, error: Error) {
    if (this.shouldRetry(error)) {
      this.retryQueue.push({
        ...message,
        retries: (message.retries || 0) + 1
      });
    }
  }

  private static shouldRetry(error: Error): boolean {
    return [
      'NETWORK_TIMEOUT',
      'SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE'
    ].includes(error.code);
  }
}

6. 测试报告生成

6.1 文本报告

// text-report.ets
function generateTextReport(results: LoadTestResult[]): string {
  return `
  # 分布式总线压力测试报告
  ## 设备概况
  - 模拟设备总数: ${results.length}
  - 最高在线率: ${Math.max(...results.map(r => r.onlineRate))}%
  
  ## 性能指标
  - 平均吞吐量: ${average(results.map(r => r.throughput))} msg/s
  - 最大延迟: ${Math.max(...results.map(r => r.maxLatency))}ms
  - 异常次数: ${sum(results.map(r => r.errorCount))}
  
  ## 瓶颈分析
  ${BottleneckDetector.check().join('\n')}
  `;
}

6.2 可视化仪表盘

// dashboard.ets
@Component
struct BusDashboard {
  @State metrics: PerfMetric[] = [];
  
  build() {
    Column() {
      // 实时吞吐量
      LineChart({
        data: this.metrics.map(m => ({
          x: new Date(m.time),
          y: m.throughput
        })),
        title: '消息吞吐量 (msg/s)'
      })
      
      // 资源使用
      Gauge({
        value: this.metrics[this.metrics.length - 1]?.cpu || 0,
        title: 'CPU使用率'
      })
    }
    .onAppear(() => {
      setInterval(() => {
        this.metrics = PerformanceMonitor.getMetrics();
      }, 1000);
    })
  }
}

7. 完整测试流程

7.1 测试初始化

// test-init.ets
async function setupLoadTest() {
  // 1. 创建虚拟设备
  const devices = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(200);
  
  // 2. 初始化监控
  PerformanceMonitor.start();
  FailureInjector.randomDisconnect(devices);
  
  // 3. 启动设备模拟
  devices.forEach(device => {
    DeviceSimulator.startReporting(device);
  });
  
  // 4. 启动负载均衡
  BusLoadBalancer.start();
}

7.2 测试执行

// test-execution.ets
describe('分布式总线压力测试', () => {
  beforeAll(async () => {
    await setupLoadTest();
    await waitForStable(60); // 等待1分钟稳定期
  });

  it('应维持1000+ msg/s吞吐量', async () => {
    const report = await runTest(300); // 运行5分钟
    expect(report.avgThroughput).toBeGreaterThan(1000);
  });

  it('错误率应<1%', async () => {
    const report = await runTest(300);
    expect(report.errorRate).toBeLessThan(0.01);
  });
});

8. 关键性能指标

指标目标值测量方法
消息吞吐量≥1000 msg/s总线计数器统计
端到端延迟<200ms (P99)消息时间戳差值
设备在线率≥99%心跳包监测
CPU占用≤80% (峰值)系统监控API

9. 扩展测试场景

9.1 突发流量测试

// burst-test.ets
class BurstTest {
  static async simulateBurst() {
    // 正常负载
    await BusLoadGenerator.startLoadTest(100);
    await sleep(30000);
    
    // 突发流量
    const burstDevices = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(100);
    burstDevices.forEach(device => {
      device.setReportInterval(100); // 10ms间隔
    });
    
    // 验证系统恢复能力
    await sleep(10000);
    return PerformanceMonitor.getRecoveryTime();
  }
}

9.2 混合协议测试

// protocol-mix.ets
class ProtocolMixTest {
  static async testWithMultipleProtocols() {
    const protocols = ['MQTT', 'CoAP', 'HTTP'];
    const devices = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(200);
    
    devices.forEach((device, i) => {
      device.protocol = protocols[i % protocols.length];
      device.startReporting();
    });
    
    return ProtocolAnalyzer.getInteropMetrics();
  }
}

10. 运维工具集成

10.1 实时日志追踪

// log-tracer.ets
class DistributedLogTracer {
  static traceDevice(deviceId: string) {
    const logs = LogCollector.getDeviceLogs(deviceId);
    return logs.map(log => ({
      ...log,
      formattedTime: new Date(log.timestamp).toISOString()
    }));
  }
}

10.2 自动化扩缩容

// auto-scaler.ets
class BusAutoScaler {
  static adjustCapacity() {
    const metrics = PerformanceMonitor.getLatest();
    
    if (metrics.queueBacklog > 500) {
      CloudAPI.scaleOut('bus-nodes', 2);
    } else if (metrics.queueBacklog < 100) {
      CloudAPI.scaleIn('bus-nodes', 1);
    }
  }
}

11. 完整测试示例

11.1 模拟设备上报

// device-report.ets
class DeviceReporter {
  static async simulateReports() {
    const devices = VirtualDeviceFactory.createDevices(200);
    const reportIntervals = [1000, 2000, 5000]; // 不同上报频率
    
    devices.forEach((device, i) => {
      setInterval(() => {
        const payload = {
          deviceId: device.id,
          timestamp: Date.now(),
          data: SensorDataGenerator.generate(device.type)
        };
        
        DistributedBus.publish(
          `/devices/${device.type}/data`, 
          payload
        );
      }, reportIntervals[i % 3]);
    });
  }
}

11.2 CI集成配置

# .github/workflows/bus-load.yml
jobs:
  bus-pressure:
    runs-on: harmonyos-cloud
    steps:
      - uses: harmonyos/load-test-action@v1
        with:
          device-count: 200
          duration: 300s
          protocol: mixed
      - name: Upload report
        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: bus-pressure-report
          path: report.html

通过本方案可实现：

  1. ​​200+设备​​ 并发模拟
  2. ​​毫秒级​​ 延迟监控
  3. ​​智能​​ 故障注入
  4. ​​自动化​​ 扩缩容响应
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