分阶段发布实战：用AGC灰度发布控制HarmonyOS5应用更新风险

以下为 ​​基于AGC灰度发布实现HarmonyOS 5应用分阶段发布的完整ArkTS解决方案​​，包含灰度策略配置、设备定向推送和发布监控的代码示例：

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1. 灰度发布架构

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2. 灰度策略配置

2.1 定义阶段策略

// gray-policy.ets
interface GrayStage {
  name: string;
  target: {
    type: 'percentage' | 'deviceId' | 'region';
    value: number | string[];
  };
  metrics: {
    crashRate: number;
    rollbackThreshold: number;
  };
}

export const APP_GRAY_POLICY: GrayStage[] = [
  {
    name: 'alpha',
    target: { type: 'deviceId', value: ['DEV001', 'DEV002'] },
    metrics: { crashRate: 0, rollbackThreshold: 1 }
  },
  {
    name: 'beta',
    target: { type: 'percentage', value: 5 },
    metrics: { crashRate: 0.5, rollbackThreshold: 3 }
  },
  {
    name: 'region',
    target: { type: 'region', value: ['CN', 'US'] },
    metrics: { crashRate: 1, rollbackThreshold: 5 }
  }
];

2.2 版本元数据

// app-metadata.json
{
  "version": "2.1.0",
  "grayPolicy": {
    "stages": ["alpha", "beta", "region"],
    "requiredMetrics": ["crashRate", "apiLatency"],
    "rollbackWindow": 24
  }
}

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3. 设备定向逻辑

3.1 设备匹配器

// device-matcher.ets
export function shouldReceiveUpdate(device: DeviceInfo): boolean {
  const policy = getCurrentGrayPolicy();
  
  switch (policy.target.type) {
    case 'percentage':
      return device.hash % 100 < policy.target.value;
    case 'deviceId':
      return policy.target.value.includes(device.id);
    case 'region':
      return policy.target.value.includes(device.region);
    default:
      return false;
  }
}

3.2 版本检查逻辑

// update-checker.ets
import { AppGallery } from '@hw-agconnect';

export async function checkGrayUpdate() {
  const device = await Device.getInfo();
  const update = await AppGallery.checkUpdate();
  
  if (!update.available) return null;
  
  if (shouldReceiveUpdate(device)) {
    return {
      version: update.version,
      url: update.downloadUrl,
      isGray: true
    };
  }
  
  return null;
}

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4. 分阶段发布控制

4.1 阶段推进器

// stage-controller.ets
export async function advanceReleaseStage() {
  const currentStage = await getCurrentStage();
  const nextStage = getNextStage(currentStage);
  
  if (await validateStageCompletion(currentStage)) {
    await AppGallery.updateGrayPolicy({
      stage: nextStage,
      rollout: calculateRollout(nextStage)
    });
    return nextStage;
  }
  
  throw new Error('当前阶段未达标，无法推进');
}

4.2 自动回滚

// rollback-manager.ets
export async function autoRollbackIfNeeded() {
  const metrics = await fetchMonitoringMetrics();
  const policy = getCurrentGrayPolicy();
  
  if (metrics.crashRate > policy.metrics.crashRate ||
      metrics.apiLatency > policy.metrics.rollbackThreshold) {
      
    await AppGallery.rollbackVersion();
    notifyTeam('自动回滚触发', metrics);
    return true;
  }
  
  return false;
}

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5. 实时监控系统

5.1 指标收集

// metrics-collector.ets
export function startRealTimeMonitoring() {
  const collector = new MetricCollector({
    crashRate: { interval: 60 },
    apiLatency: { buckets: [100, 300, 1000] }
  });
  
  collector.on('threshold', (metric, value) => {
    if (value > getThreshold(metric)) {
      alert(`监控告警: ${metric}=${value}`);
    }
  });
}

5.2 灰度看板

// dashboard.ets
@Component
struct GrayDashboard {
  @State metrics: GrayMetrics[] = [];
  
  aboutToAppear() {
    GrayMonitor.onUpdate((data) => {
      this.metrics = data;
    });
  }
  
  build() {
    Grid() {
      ForEach(this.metrics, (metric) => {
        GridItem() {
          MetricCard({
            title: metric.name,
            value: metric.value,
            trend: metric.trend
          })
        }
      })
    }
  }
}

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6. 完整工作流示例

6.1 发布流水线

// release-pipeline.ets
async function executeGrayRelease() {
  try {
    // 1. 初始发布alpha版
    await startGrayRelease('alpha');
    
    // 2. 监控24小时
    await delay(24 * 3600 * 1000);
    
    // 3. 检查指标
    if (await canAdvanceStage()) {
      await advanceReleaseStage('beta');
    }
    
    // 4. 最终全量发布
    if (await isReadyForFullRelease()) {
      await publishFullRelease();
    }
  } catch (err) {
    await autoRollbackIfNeeded();
    throw err;
  }
}

6.2 CI/CD集成

# .github/workflows/gray-release.yml
name: Gray Release
on:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      stage:
        description: 'Target stage'
        required: true

jobs:
  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: huawei/agc-gray-release@v1
        with:
          app-id: ${{ secrets.APP_ID }}
          stage: ${{ inputs.stage }}
          monitor-time: 24h

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7. 关键配置参数

参数	说明	示例值
crashRateThreshold	允许的最高崩溃率	0.5%
rollbackWindow	监控时间窗口(小时)	24
regionWhitelist	首批发布地区	["CN", "US"]
deviceSampleRate	随机设备百分比	5

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8. 安全回滚机制

8.1 版本快照

// version-snapshot.ets
export async function createSnapshot() {
  const current = await AppGallery.getCurrentVersion();
  await Database.save('version_snapshots', {
    id: current.versionCode,
    timestamp: Date.now(),
    packageHash: current.packageHash
  });
}

8.2 一键回滚

// emergency-rollback.ets
export async function emergencyRollback() {
  const lastStable = await Database.getLastStableVersion();
  await AppGallery.forceRollback(lastStable.id);
  
  notifyTeam('紧急回滚执行', {
    version: lastStable.version,
    reason: '生产环境重大故障'
  });
}

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9. 设备定向策略扩展

9.1 用户分群定向

// user-segment.ets
export function getTargetUserSegments() {
  return {
    vipUsers: UserSegment.where('level > 3'),
    newUsers: UserSegment.where('firstSeen > now()-7d')
  };
}

9.2 动态权重调整

// dynamic-weight.ets
export function calculateDynamicWeights() {
  const devices = DeviceStats.getRecent(24);
  return {
    highEnd: devices.filter(d => d.ram > 6).length / devices.length,
    lowEnd: devices.filter(d => d.ram <= 4).length / devices.length
  };
}

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10. 完整示例项目结构

gray-release/
├── policies/            # 灰度策略配置
├── controllers/         # 发布阶段控制
├── monitors/            # 实时监控
├── emergency/           # 回滚机制
└── workflows/           # CI/CD集成

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通过本方案可实现：

1. ​​精准控制​​ 更新范围（设备/地区/用户群）
2. ​​分钟级​​ 监控响应
3. ​​自动化​​ 渐进式发布
4. ​​零宕机​​ 安全回滚