使用 WXPython 跨操作系统解决绘图界面的问题一名用户在 Windows 系统上开发了一个使用 WXPython

一名用户在 Windows 系统上开发了一个使用 WXPython 库实现的图形界面，在移动到 Linux 系统后发现，Matplotlib 面板上的图像被截断，无法看到图形，并且无法通过简单的调整尺寸来解决这一问题。

解决方案

在 Python 代码中，您需要使用 matplotlib.use('WXAgg') 明确指定后端为 WXAgg，以解决图形被截断的问题：
```
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WXAgg')
```
在 WXPython 应用程序中，您还需要将 FigureCanvas 的类名更正为 FigureCanvasWxAgg，以避免出现 "no attribute 'FigureCanvas'" 的错误：
```
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
```

在创建 MainPanel 类时，您需要将 FigureCanvas 作为其子类，并使用 FigureCanvasWxAgg 来创建画布：

class MainPanel(wx.Panel):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        ...
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasWxAgg(self, -1, self.figure)
        ...

代码例子

import wx
import sys
import numpy
import matplotlib
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
matplotlib.use('WXAgg')
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import \
    FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigCanvas, \
    NavigationToolbar2WxAgg as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wx import NavigationToolbar2Wx

ini3=0
fin3=0
pico3=[]
nomeAbre3=''
iniespec=0
intervaloespec=400


class TestFrame(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self,parent,title):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,title=title,size=(2000,800))
        self.sp = wx.SplitterWindow(self)
        self.p1 = MainPanel(self.sp)
        self.p2 = MatplotPanel(self.sp)
        self.statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar()
        self.box = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.box.Add(self.p1, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.box.Add(self.p2, 1, wx.EXPAND)
        self.p2.draw()
        self.create_menu()

        self.SetAutoLayout(True)
        self.SetSizer(self.box)
        self.Layout()
        self.statusbar.SetStatusText('Oi')

    def create_menu(self):
        self.menubar = wx.MenuBar()

        menu_file = wx.Menu()
        m_expt = menu_file.Append(-1, "&Save plot\tCtrl-S", "Save plot to file")

        menu_file.AppendSeparator()
        m_exit = menu_file.Append(-1, "E&xit\tCtrl-X", "Exit")


        menu_help = wx.Menu()
        m_about = menu_help.Append(-1, "&About\tF1", "About the demo")


        self.menubar.Append(menu_file, "&File")
        self.menubar.Append(menu_help, "&Help")
        self.SetMenuBar(self.menubar)

class MainPanel(wx.Panel):
    def __init__(self,parent):
        """ Creates the main panel with all the controls on it:
             * mpl canvas 
             * mpl navigation toolbar
             * Control panel for interaction
        """
        self.nomeAbre = 'Spectrum'
        self.nomeFundo = 'Spectrum2'
        self.tipoDoAjuste = '1'
        self.grauDoFundo = '2'
        self.posicaoDosPicos = ''
        self.regiaoDoAjusteI = ''
        self.regiaoDoAjusteF = ''

        wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)

        self.dpi = 100
        self.fig = Figure((10.0, 6.0), dpi=self.dpi)

        self.abreArquivo = wx.Button(self, -1, "Open:", (10,10))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.openFile, self.abreArquivo)
        self.editname = wx.TextCtrl(self, value=self.nomeAbre, pos=(100, 10), size=(200,-1))
        self.AbreArquivoFundo = wx.Button(self, -1, "Fundo:", (10,40))
        self.editname2 = wx.TextCtrl(self, value=self.nomeFundo, pos=(100, 40), size=(200,-1))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.openFile2, self.AbreArquivoFundo)


        self.ajusteTipo = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "A:", pos=(20, 80))
        self.ajusteTipoCaixa = wx.TextCtrl(self, value=self.tipoDoAjuste, pos=(100, 78), size=(25,-1))

        self.fundoGrau = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "B parameter:", pos=(140, 80))
        self.fundoGrauCaixa = wx.TextCtrl(self, value=self.grauDoFundo, pos=(220, 78), size=(25,-1))

        self.posicaoPicos = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "Posicao dos Picos (max. 10 valores):", pos=(20, 120))
        self.posicaoPicosCaixa = wx.TextCtrl(self, value=self.posicaoDosPicos, pos=(245, 118), size=(350,-1))

        self.regiaoAjuste = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "Regiao do Ajuste:", pos=(20, 160))
        self.regiaoAjusteI = wx.TextCtrl(self, value='', pos=(140, 158), size=(60,-1))
        self.regiaoAjusteF = wx.TextCtrl(self, value='', pos=(220, 158), size=(60,-1))

        self.inicioEspectroTexto = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "Start:", pos=(250, 302))
        self.inicioEspectro = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "", pos=(300, 300))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_TEXT,self.funcInicioEspectro,self.inicioEspectro)

        self.intervaloEspectroTexto = wx.StaticText(self, -1, "Interval:", pos=(420, 302))
        self.intervaloEspectro = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "400", pos=(490, 300),size=(50,-1))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_TEXT,self.funcintervaloEspectro,self.intervaloEspectro)

        self.idf = wx.Button(self, -1, "IDF", (100,300))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.criaIDF,self.idf)

        global ini3
        global fin3
        global pico3
        global iniespec
        global intervaloespec
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION,lambda event:  self.OnMove(event,ini3,1))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION,lambda event:  self.OnMove(event,fin3,2))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION,lambda event:  self.OnMove(event,pico3,3))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION,lambda event:  self.OnMove(event,iniespec,4))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION,lambda event:  self.OnMove(event,intervaloespec,5))



    def criaIDF(self, event):
        a1 = nomeAbre3
        a2 = str(len(pico3))+','+str(ini3)+','+str(fin3)+',,'
        for j in pico3:
            a2 += str(j) + ','
        a2 += ','
        print(a1)
        print(a2)

    def funcInicioEspectro(self,event):
        global iniespec