python emqx搭建mqtt服务

1、新建publish.py

from paho.mqtt import client as mqtt_client
import random
import time

broker = 'broker.emqx.io'
port = 1883
topic = "/python/mqtt"
client_id = f'python-mqtt-{random.randint(0, 1000)}'


def connect_mqtt():
    def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, reason_code, properties):
        if reason_code == 0:
            print("Connected to MQTT Broker!")
        else:
            print("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", reason_code)

    client = mqtt_client.Client(mqtt_client.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2, client_id)
    client.on_connect = on_connect
    client.connect(broker, port, 60)
    return client

def publish(client):
    msg_count = 0
    while True:
        time.sleep(1)
        msg = f"messages: {msg_count}"
        result = client.publish(topic, msg)
        status = result[0]
        if status == 0:
            print(f"Send `{msg}` to topic `{topic}`")
        else:
            print(f"Failed to send message to topic {topic}")
        msg_count += 1



def run():
    client = connect_mqtt()
    client.loop_start()
    publish(client)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

2、新建subscribe.py

from paho.mqtt import client as mqtt_client
import random
import time

broker = 'broker.emqx.io'
port = 1883
topic = "/python/mqtt"
client_id = f'python-mqtt-{random.randint(0, 1000)}'


def connect_mqtt():
    def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, reason_code, properties):
        if reason_code == 0:
            print("Connected to MQTT Broker!")
        else:
            print("Failed to connect, return code %d\n", reason_code)

    client = mqtt_client.Client(mqtt_client.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2, client_id)
    client.on_connect = on_connect
    client.connect(broker, port, 60)
    return client


def subscribe(client: mqtt_client):
    def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
        print(f"Received `{msg.payload.decode()}` from `{msg.topic}` topic")
 
    client.subscribe(topic)
    client.on_message = on_message


def run():
    client = connect_mqtt()
    subscribe(client)
    client.loop_forever()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    run()

3、服务器搭建mqtt服务

这里选用emqx搭建

输入ip:端口查看服务是否搭建成功

4、命令行操作

# 执行文件
./subscribe.py &

# 后台执行文件并输出日志
nohup python -u subscribe.py > subscribe.log 2>&1 &

# 查看是否在后台运行
ps -ef|grep subscribe

# 后台的程序 需要关闭时，需要kill命令停止
kill -9 进程ID

5、subscribe.py 升级

from paho.mqtt import client as mqtt_client
from utils import logging
import random
import json

broker = 'broker.emqx.io'
port = 1883
topics = ["connect", "start", "stop"]
client_id = f'python-mqtt-{random.randint(0, 1000)}'


class Subscribe:
    def __init__(self):
        self.client = mqtt_client.Client(
            mqtt_client.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2,
            client_id
        )
        self.is_initialized = False
        self.setup_mqtt()

    def setup_mqtt(self):
        def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, reason_code, properties):
            if reason_code == 0:
                print("Connected to MQTT Broker!")
                for topic in topics:
                    client.subscribe(topic)
            else:
                print(f"Failed to connect, return code {reason_code}\n")

        self.client.on_connect = on_connect
        self.client.connect(broker, port, 60)

    def on_message(self, client, userdata, msg):
        payload = msg.payload.decode('utf-8')
        # 尝试解析为 JSON，并格式化输出
        try:
            json_data = json.loads(payload)
            output = json.dumps(json_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            output = payload  # 如果不是 JSON，就原样显示

        if msg.topic == "connect":
            print("Handling CONNECT command...")
            logging(msg.topic, output)
            # 处理连接逻辑
        elif msg.topic == "start":
            print("Handling START command...")
            logging(msg.topic, output)
            # 处理启动逻辑
        elif msg.topic == "stop":
            print("Handling STOP command...")
            logging(msg.topic, output)
            # 处理停止逻辑

    def start(self):
        if not self.is_initialized:
            self.client.on_message = self.on_message
            self.is_initialized = True
        self.client.loop_forever()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    subscriber = Subscribe()
    subscriber.start()