Flutter 环境配置以及打包遇到的问题(随手笔记)
1. 启动Flutter
- 需要配置.zshrc,不然每次使用都需要执行
source ~/.bash_profile
- 启动或测试Flutter
flutter doctor
flutter run
- 更新Flutter的库
flutter upgrade
flutter pub get
一、各平台打包
1. Android打包
- 在终端cd到目录下,执行
flutter build apk
2. iOS打包
- 在终端cd到目录下,执行
flutter build ios
- 对于iOS开发者,可以使用Appuploader工具来简化证书管理和上传流程,它提供了可视化的界面操作,避免了复杂的命令行操作。
3. Web打包
- 在终端cd到目录下,执行
flutter build web
4. 鸿蒙打包
- 在终端cd到目录下,执行
flutter build hap
flutter build hap --release
flutter build hap --debug
二、配置鸿蒙环境
-
参考OpenHarmony官方文档
-
在.bash_profile配置变量
# 拉取下来的flutter_flutter/bin目录
export PATH=/Users/<user>/development/flutter_flutter/bin:$PATH
# HamonyOS SDK
export TOOL_HOME=/Applications/DevEco-Studio.app/Contents # mac环境
export DEVECO_SDK_HOME=/Users/<user>/development/command-line-tools/sdk
export PATH=/Users/<user>/development/command-line-tools/ohpm/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/Users/<user>/development/command-line-tools/hvigor/bin:$PATH
export PATH=/Users/<user>/development/command-line-tools/tool/node/bin:$PATH
export HOS_SDK_HOME=/Users/<user>/Library/Huawei/Sdk
三、配置环境遇到的问题
1. 配置变量之后,终端执行flutter doctor -v 报错
问题1:
[✗] HarmonyOS toolchain - develop for HarmonyOS devices
✗ HarmonyOS Sdk not found;
- 解决办法:确保鸿蒙SDK路径正确,最新版"OpenHarmony"可能需要使用旧版"Huawei"SDK
问题2:
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 34.0.0)
• Android SDK at /Users/<user>/Library/Android/sdk
✗ cmdline-tools component is missing
- 解决办法:在Android Studio -> Settings -> Android SDK -> SDK Tools中安装Android SDK Command-line Tools
问题3:
[!] Android Studio (version 2023.1)
• Android Studio at /Applications/Android Studio.app/Contents
✗ Unable to find bundled Java version.
- 解决办法:
cd /Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents
ln -s jbr jre
四、构建项目
- 使用终端构建多平台项目:
flutter create --platforms ohos,android,ios,web --org <org> <appName>
- 示例:
flutter create --platforms ohos,android,ios,web --org com.flutterTest0001 learn_flutter_001
五、打包遇到的问题
问题1:iOS证书问题
(Xcode): No profiles for 'com.iam17.app17' were found
- 解决办法:使用Xcode打开Runner.xcworkspace,配置bundle Identifier及证书,或者使用Appuploader这样的工具来管理证书和描述文件。
问题2:
[!] No Hmos SDK found. Try setting the HOS_SDK_HOME environment variable.
- 解决办法:
- 方法1:在.zshrc中添加环境变量
- 方法2:执行
flutter config --ohos-sdk=/Users/<user>/Library/Huawei/Sdk
问题3:
Target file "lib/main.dart" not found.
- 解决办法:指定正确的main.dart路径
flutter build apk --target=lib/tabbar/main.dart