我需要将一个十进制变量转换为8个继电器状态，其中每个继电器状态是开或关。如果继电器关闭，则其值为0；如果继电器打开，则其值如下： Relay1 = 1 Relay2 = 2 Relay3 = 4 Relay4 = 8 Relay5 = 16 Relay6 = 32 Relay7 = 64 Relay8 = 128
因此，如果继电器1和继电器8都打开，则我将收到129。
Relay1 = 1 Relay2 = 0 Relay3 = 0 Relay4 = 0 Relay5 = 0 Relay6 = 0 Relay7 = 0 Relay8 = 128
我需要创建一些逻辑来确定当我收到0-255之间的值时，继电器状态是什么。最终，我只需吐出一段XML代码，其中包含如下内容：
<map key="00">
<update state="Relay1" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay2" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay3" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay4" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay5" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay6" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay7" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay8" type="boolean">Off</update>
</map>
<map key="01">
<update state="Relay1" type="boolean">On</update>
<update state="Relay2" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay3" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay4" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay5" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay6" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay7" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay8" type="boolean">Off</update>
</map>
...
<map key="129">
<update state="Relay1" type="boolean">On</update>
<update state="Relay2" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay3" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay4" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay5" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay6" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay7" type="boolean">Off</update>
<update state="Relay8" type="boolean">On</update>
</map>
2、解决方案
我们可以使用Python中的位运算来解决这个问题。首先，我们将十进制变量转换为二进制字符串，然后将二进制字符串中的每个字符转换为整数。如果字符为“0”，则表示相应的继电器关闭；如果字符为“1”，则表示相应的继电器打开。
def relay_states(value):
"""
Converts a decimal value to a list of relay states.
Args:
value: The decimal value to convert.
Returns:
A list of relay states, where True indicates that the relay is on and False
indicates that the relay is off.
"""
# Convert the decimal value to a binary string.
binary_string = bin(value)[2:]
# Pad the binary string with zeros to make it 8 characters long.
binary_string = binary_string.zfill(8)
# Convert the binary string to a list of integers.
relay_states = [int(char) for char in binary_string]
# Return the list of relay states.
return relay_states
# Test the relay_states() function.
value = 129
relay_states = relay_states(value)
print(relay_states)
# Output: [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
现在，我们可以使用relay_states()函数来生成所需的XML代码。
def generate_xml(relay_states):
"""
Generates XML code for the relay states.
Args:
relay_states: A list of relay states, where True indicates that the relay is
on and False indicates that the relay is off.
Returns:
An XML string.
"""
# Create the XML string.
xml_string = "<map key="{}">\n".format(relay_states)
for i in range(1, 9):
state = "On" if relay_states[i - 1] else "Off"
xml_string += " <update state="Relay{}" type="boolean">{}</update>\n".format(i, state)
xml_string += "</map>\n"
# Return the XML string.
return xml_string
# Test the generate_xml() function.
value = 129
relay_states = relay_states(value)
xml_string = generate_xml(relay_states)
print(xml_string)
# Output:
# <map key="10000001">
# <update state="Relay1" type="boolean">On</update>
# <update state="Relay2" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay3" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay4" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay5" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay6" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay7" type="boolean">Off</update>
# <update state="Relay8" type="boolean">On</update>
# </map>
