Unit 4 - Turning off TV: A Quiet Hour
NEW WORDS
worthwhile
a. good enough for the time or effort needed; valuable 值得花时间（或精力）的；有价值的
program (me)
n. performance on radio or television 节目
educational
a. of or for education; providing education or information 教育的；有教育意义的
current
a. of the present time 当前的
social
a. of or in society 社会的
movie
n. film that one sees at a cinema 电影
nevertheless
conj. but; however 然而，不过
propose
vt. suggest 建议
broadcasting
n. the action of sending out sound (or images) by radio (or television) 广播
prohibit
v & n. forbid by law 禁止
proposal
vt. suggestion 提议，建议
actually
n. in actual fact, really 实际上
generation
n. all the people about the same age （一）代
gap
n. an empty space between two things or two parts of a thing; a wide difference of opinion, character, or the like 缺口，间隙；分歧，隔阂
divorce
n. end of a marriage by law 离婚
rate
n. 率
mental
a. of the mind 精神的；思想上的
communicate
vi. share or exchange opinions, ideas, etc. 交流意见，思想等
disturb
vt. make (sb.) worried 使烦恼
emotional
a. 感情的
pastime
n. anything done to pass time pleasantly 消遣，娱乐
sunset
n. the going down of the sun; the time when the sun goes down 日落（时分）
neighborhood
n. the area around a point or place 邻近地区；地段
adult
n. 成年人
typical
a. 典型的
educator
n. a person whose profession is education 教育家
barely
ad. hardly 仅仅，勉强；几乎没有
literate
a. able to read and write 能读写的；有文化的
product
n. sth. made or grown 产品
network
n. 广播（或电视）联播公司；广播（或电视)网
glance
n. quick look 一瞥；扫视
radical
a. extreme; very different 激进的
electronic
a. 电子的
electron
n.
baby-sitter
n. someone who looks after a child when the parents are away for a short time （代人临时）照看婴儿
childhood
n. time when one is a child 童年
partly
ad. not completely; in some degree 部分地；在一定程度上
involve
vt. have as a part or result （必须）包括
imagination
n. the ability to imagine 想像力
learning
n. the gaining of knowledge or skill through studying; knowledge or skill gained through studying 学习；学问，知识
invent
vt. produce (sth.) for the first time 发明
PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS
generation gap
failure of the younger and older generations to communicate and understand one another 代沟
in part
in some degree; partly 在一定程度上；部分地
grow up
change from a child to a man or a woman 成长，长大
bring together
cause to meet 使相聚
come up with
think of; produce 想出；提出
at first glance
when first seen or thought about 乍一看；最初考虑时
have a ball
(sl.) enjoy oneself, have a very good time 玩得开心
PROPER NAMES
Mayer
迈耶（姓氏）
the United States
美国
a. more dangerous than it seems 暗藏危险的；奸诈的
cape
n. 海角
rough
a. (of weather or the sea) stormy; not calm （气候）有暴风雨的；（海）波涛汹涌的
fortunately
ad. luckily 幸运地；幸亏
fortunate
a.
contact
vt. get in touch with 联系，接触
nearby
ad. close by 在附近
following
a. next; to be mentioned immediately 接着的；下列的
waken
v. (cause to) wake 唤醒；醒来
nightmare
n. terrible dream 恶梦
drag
vt. pull along with great effort 拖，拉
sinister
a. 凶恶的，邪恶的
knight
n. 爵士
vt. 封... 为爵士
sword
n. 剑，刀
accomplish
vt. finish successfully 完成
conquer
vt. overcome 征服
undoubtedly
ad. certainly 无疑地
moreover
ad. in addition 此外，而且
human
a. of or concerning people 人们
being
n. a living thing, esp. a person 生物；人
PHRASES & EXPRESSIOMS
set out
begin a course if action 着手，开始
give up
atop doing 放弃
be determined to (do)
have a strong will to (do) 决心（做）
(all) by oneself
(completely) alone
in spite of
not taking notice of; not caring about 尽管；虽然
by far
by a large amount or degree...得多
turn over
(cause to) fall over, upset （使）翻倒，（使）倾覆
can not help
can not keep oneself from 禁不住
PEOPER NAMES
Francis Chichester
弗朗西斯. 奇切斯特
Gipsy Moth
吉普赛. 莫斯
Sydney
悉尼（澳大利亚城市）
Cape Horn
合恩角（智利）
London
伦敦
Elizabeth
伊丽莎白（女子名）
Drake
德雷克（姓氏）
TEXT
Many people in the United States spend most of their free time watching television. Certainly, there are many worthwhile programs on television, including news, educational programs for children, programs on current social problems, plays, movies, concerts, and so on. Nevertheless, perhaps people should not be spending so much of their time in front of the TV. Mr. Mayer imagines what we might do if we were forced to find other activities.
Turning off TV: A Quiet Hour
I would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited by law.
Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another. It is well known that many of our problems -- everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness -- are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. We do not tell each other what is disturbing us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to know each other better, and to like each other better.
On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes. Freed from TV, forced to find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.
With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical TV programming. Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level. Writing is often learned from reading. A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour.
A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might even be forced to come up with better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities.
At first glance, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time? But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio -- which at least involved the listener's imagination -- but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn't that difficult. Honest. The truth is we had a ball.
参考译文——关上电视机：清净一小时 在美国，许多人把大部分空闲时间花在看电视上。的确，电视里有很多值得一看的节目，包括新闻、儿童教育节目、讨论当前社会问题的节目、戏剧、电影、音乐会等等。然而，人们也许不该在电视机前花费那么多的时间。如果我们被迫要找一些其他的活动，那我们可以做些什么呢？对这一问题，梅耶先生做了一番想像。
关上电视机：清净一小时
我想建议每天晚上一播完晚间新闻，美国所有的电视台都依法停播六十至九十分钟。
让我们认真而通情达理地看一下，如果这一建议被采纳的话，会有什么样的结果。千家万户也许会利用这段时间真正地团聚一番。
没有电视机的干扰，他们晚饭后也许会围坐在一起，当真交谈起来。众所周知，我们的许多问题——事实上是所有的问题，从代沟、高离婚率到某些精神病——至少部分地是由于没能交流思想而引起的。我们谁也不把自己心头的烦恼告诉别人，结果感情上便产生了这样那样的问题。利用这安静的、全家聚在一起的时刻来讨论我们的各种问题，我们相互之间也许会更加了解，更加相爱。
有些晚上，如果没有必要进行这种交谈，那么各家各户也许会重新发现一些更为积极的消遣活动。如果他们挣脱开电视机的束缚而不得不另寻自己的活动，他们也许会合家驱车去看日落。或者也许会全家一起去散步（还记得自己长有双脚吗？），用新奇的目光观察住处周围的地区。
有了空闲时间而又没有电视可看，大人小孩便有可能重新发现阅读。一本好书里的乐趣，胜过一个月中所有典型的电视节目。教育家们报告说，伴随着电视长大的这一代人几乎写不出一句英语句子，甚至在大学一级受教育的人也是这样。写作往往是通过阅读学会的。每晚清静这么一个小时，可以造就出文化程度较高的一代新人。
也许还可以像过去那样进行另一种形式的阅读：高声朗读。没有多少娱乐比一家人聚在一起，听爸爸或妈妈朗读一篇优美的故事更能使一家人关系融洽和睦了。没有电视干扰的这一小时，可以成为朗读故事的时间。等这静悄悄的一小时过去后，想要再把我们从新发现的娱乐活动中拉回去，电视联播公司也许将被迫拿出些更好的节目来才行。
乍一看，停播一小时电视的想法似乎过于偏激。如果少了这位电子保姆，做父母的可怎么办呢？我们怎么来打发这段时间呢？其实这个想法一点也不偏激。电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间，至今也不过才二十五年。我们之中那些年满和年过三十五岁的人，还能回忆起没有电视相伴的童年，那时我们有一部分空闲时间以收音机为伴——听收音机至少还要发挥听者的想像力——但另外我们还看书、学习、交谈、做游戏、发明一些新的活动。日子也并不那么难过。真的。那时我们确实过得挺开心。
