NetCore Api中的错误处理

#代码片段/NetCore

NetCore Api中的错误处理

使用TryCatch处理异常

[HttpGet("/get1")]
public IActionResult Get1()
{
    try
    {
        throw new Exception("The argument is null!");
    }
    catch (ArgumentNullException ex)
    {
        return NotFound(ex.Message);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        return StatusCode(500, ex.Message);
    }
}

使用过滤器处理异常

创建过滤器：

public class CustomExceptionFilter : IExceptionFilter
{
    public void OnException(ExceptionContext context)
    {
        var exception = context.Exception;
        var result = new ObjectResult(new { error = exception.Message })
        {
            StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError
        };
        context.Result = result;
    }
}

全局注册过滤器：

builder.Services.AddControllers(opt =>
{
    opt.Filters.Add<CustomExceptionFilter>();
});

抛出异常：

//TODO: 使用过滤器处理异常
[HttpGet("/get2")]
public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get2()
{
    throw new Exception("Something went wrong!");
}

过滤器结果：500 Error: response status is 500

{
  "error": "Something went wrong!"
}

使用中间件处理异常

创建中间件：

public class ErrorHandlerMiddleware
{
    private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
    public ErrorHandlerMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
    {
        _next = next;
    }
    public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
    {
        try
        {
            await _next(context);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            await HandleExceptionAsync(context, ex);
        }
    }
    private static Task HandleExceptionAsync(HttpContext context, Exception exception)
    {
        var response = context.Response;
        response.ContentType = "application/json";
        var errorResponse = new
        {
            message = exception.Message,
            innerException = exception.InnerException?.Message
        };
        return context.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(errorResponse);
    }
}

使用中间件：

app.UseMiddleware<ErrorHandlerMiddleware>();

抛出异常：

//TODO: 使用中间件处理异常
[HttpGet("/get3")]
public IActionResult Get3()
{
    throw new Exception("Something went wrong!");
}

响应结果：200

{
  "message": "Something went wrong!",
  "innerException": null
}