Go 语言的实战案例课后作业
题目
- 修改第一个例子猜谜游戏里面的最终代码，使用 fmt.Scanf 来简化代码实现
- 修改第二个例子命令行词典里面的最终实现，增加另一种翻译引擎的支持
- 在上一步骤demo的基础上，修改代码实现并行请求两个翻译引擎来提高响应速度
题目1
fmt.Scanf(format string, a ...any): 从标准输入中读取文本。它会根据指定的格式 format，将连续的空格分隔的值依次存储到传入的参数 a 中。注意：换行符 \n 也会被读取, 最后被视为被空格分隔的值。在 format 的最后加上 \n, 则会吸收掉输入最后的换行符。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"time"
)
func main() {
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
secretNum := rand.Intn(100)
fmt.Println("Please input your guess")
var num int
for {
// 按照空格区分参数
if _, err := fmt.Scanf("%d\n", &num); err != nil {
fmt.Println("Invalid input, please try again")
}
if num == secretNum {
fmt.Println("Congratulations, you guessed the number!")
break
} else if num < secretNum {
fmt.Println("Too low, try again")
} else {
fmt.Println("Too high, try again")
}
}
}
题目2
添加百度翻译引擎的支持。 抓取下图中的 translate 链接。发现响应是一些 event 。写一个 for 循环判断 event 的类型即可。主要抓取 message 是 "获取词典成功" 的 event 。
响应中的字典信息如下图所示。
- baidu.go
package main
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"strings"
)
type BaiduFanyiRequest struct {
Query string `json:"query"`
From string `json:"from"`
To string `json:"to"`
Reference string `json:"reference"`
CorpusIds []interface{} `json:"corpusIds"`
NeedPhonetic bool `json:"needPhonetic"`
Domain string `json:"domain"`
MilliTimestamp int64 `json:"milliTimestamp"`
}
type SimpleResponse struct {
Data struct {
Event string `json:"event"`
DictResult struct {
SimpleMeans struct {
Symbols []struct {
Parts []struct {
Means []string `json:"means"`
Part string `json:"part"`
} `json:"parts"`
PhAm string `json:"ph_am"`
PhEn string `json:"ph_en"`
PhOther string `json:"ph_other"`
} `json:"symbols"`
Tags struct {
Core []string `json:"core"`
} `json:"tags"`
WordMeans []string `json:"word_means"`
WordName string `json:"word_name"`
} `json:"simple_means"`
Zdict string `json:"zdict"`
} `json:"dictResult"`
} `json:"data"`
}
func queryBaiduFanyi(word string) {
client := &http.Client{}
requestParams := BaiduFanyiRequest{
Query: word,
From: "en",
To: "zh",
Reference: "",
CorpusIds: []interface{}{},
NeedPhonetic: false,
Domain: "common",
MilliTimestamp: 1731069922118,
}
buf, err := json.Marshal(requestParams)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("json.Marshal failed: %v", err)
}
data := bufio.NewReader(strings.NewReader(string(buf)))
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://fanyi.baidu.com/ait/text/translate", data)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8")
req.Header.Set("Acs-Token", "1731056829022_1731069921962_wSO+NVSLfRQbayUxLW73hpuie1NnU08ICbXof908Rzq/K7hLOCb1j0Pf+kVxC055vJhqW6HZsvob413ULFMxjuSUN2IuH9+dZJZLY9ZQ7mNceYjfCd/MQx5FjzL/yy/LXJ0Y6iZfuMlVwzsJSMAvZ9hOeh2eVK/UmIbmjynecX7v/XzpCNtwKqDpHpDIX4GhJe8/BnxSN+85z/kC/HlMebwxI7cS22qgvRaHFqGndQ/UG7o4rv8G4HIXUftUsRh1GiGGUH9AjpZbE+eLYTVVulVHsTdeZNA6EI1VSEBZPfHuBFSxkQRWKRyw1/f7l6fxy5pah6bvzMTX+qBlT9L69rlJJa+44EHUiYV1vHu7nwlPFpyPyDY+ggdmo6mcAyF0VHVHKCprRQ6eU6xQT7uRQK6BI9ncLOK7py+lDo0m91i99OhG3zN6nGSFYTT3FNAbWMn5P/oBR+B9DiiRzSdz6wg+xoWn7YkBoHif8fJ9BhQ=")
req.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Cookie", `BIDUPSID=DB1F3E42DDCE466AF8FEC8A512514591; PSTM=1727538431; BAIDUID=DB1F3E42DDCE466A861438993C96C2EF:FG=1; newlogin=1; BDUSS_BFESS=DFXYWZ-WmFRUHBvM3BiM2NsTHlVZTdvMjR0ZXNWQ0V2Wjd0dS1sWmY0RElQa2huSUFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAADtW4LOu9TS5MTqAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMixIGfIsSBnb; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; H_WISE_SIDS=61027_61035_60851; BAIDUID_BFESS=DB1F3E42DDCE466A861438993C96C2EF:FG=1; BA_HECTOR=a1ah8h012la084a024208k84055vrr1jirogh1u; ZFY=uCk3PfsMOlIJK34WSce1ZXC59s0pO1uZGP3aLfeQDps:C; delPer=0; ZD_ENTRY=baidu; H_WISE_SIDS_BFESS=61027_61035_60851; H_PS_PSSID=61027_61035_60851_61130_61127_61113_61136_61140; BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]=I67x6TjHwwYf0; log_first_time=1731068407393; log_last_time=1731068407393; BCLID=12198697486097443505; BCLID_BFESS=12198697486097443505; BDSFRCVID=QZDOJeC62xq5DI7JaCZk-VGAB2Jx_onTH6f3LIAy0wOhqpIPWZY_EG0Pdf8g0KuMGM9TogKK0mOTHv-F_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0x5; BDSFRCVID_BFESS=QZDOJeC62xq5DI7JaCZk-VGAB2Jx_onTH6f3LIAy0wOhqpIPWZY_EG0Pdf8g0KuMGM9TogKK0mOTHv-F_2uxOjjg8UtVJeC6EG0Ptf8g0x5; H_BDCLCKID_SF=JRKf_KDaJKP3fI8Rq4OE-tC-MfTM--oX5KJtW5r2a-t3MIQGXU6qLT5XKRLO3MnXWD64Bq_EQq3NECoj5q7dyl0njxQyLx6D3NQmWn7TQtoNoxnM3xonDhOB3H7MJUnt2N570noO5hvvhb6O3M7-qfKmDloOW-TB5bbPLUQF5l8-sq0x0bOte-bQ2a_Etj8etJFf_K8Q2n__ebcIMPJJq4tHePnGyMRZ5mAqoqOcBP3OqlcpQf7NqqK1LtKHBMnO2gOnaIQqa-jSoxoEL4cEL4CHh-vGJUc43bRT_tPy5KJvfJnnQfnRhP-UyN3LWh37btjlMKoaMp78jR093JO4y4Ldj4oxJpOJ5JbMoPPafDK2bDtwj6t5ePK_hlr0eJcybCnKW5rJabC3hfDxXU6qLT5XKlrKb53IWD64anuEQq3NERoThb6d5l0njxQyLx5N-gOdBM3HLpjbqtb9KfonDh8O3H7MJUnt2gOganQO5hvvhb6O3M7-qfKmDloOW-TB5bbPLUQF5l8-sq0x0bOte-bQ2a_Et6KftbAjoKLQ5tTjj6rk-t6J24L-5eT22jnf2jn9aJ5nJDoTfbLw2-6k-qR-KfKJKbjEbIFfMMb8QpP-HJAG-joHXh535gcy55OKWDCeKl0MLIbWbb0xynos-jJByMnMBMPjamOnaPLE3fAKftnOM46JehL3346-35543bRTLnLy5KJWMDFme5-Kj5jyeaRhhC6B2C6yBJTqHtboqKvhWxOcy4LdjG5Ob6QRWRvZ3lOu2564spjtDx6WBP4H3-AqKjJrWm68oP3v2Pj2OfJ5WlrrQfbQ0MOhqP-jW5TuKhCXQn7JOpkxhfnxyb5DQRPH-Rv92DQMVU52QqcqEIQHQT3m5-5bbN3Ot6T2-DA__CtKfCQP; H_BDCLCKID_SF_BFESS=JRKf_KDaJKP3fI8Rq4OE-tC-MfTM--oX5KJtW5r2a-t3MIQGXU6qLT5XKRLO3MnXWD64Bq_EQq3NECoj5q7dyl0njxQyLx6D3NQmWn7TQtoNoxnM3xonDhOB3H7MJUnt2N570noO5hvvhb6O3M7-qfKmDloOW-TB5bbPLUQF5l8-sq0x0bOte-bQ2a_Etj8etJFf_K8Q2n__ebcIMPJJq4tHePnGyMRZ5mAqoqOcBP3OqlcpQf7NqqK1LtKHBMnO2gOnaIQqa-jSoxoEL4cEL4CHh-vGJUc43bRT_tPy5KJvfJnnQfnRhP-UyN3LWh37btjlMKoaMp78jR093JO4y4Ldj4oxJpOJ5JbMoPPafDK2bDtwj6t5ePK_hlr0eJcybCnKW5rJabC3hfDxXU6qLT5XKlrKb53IWD64anuEQq3NERoThb6d5l0njxQyLx5N-gOdBM3HLpjbqtb9KfonDh8O3H7MJUnt2gOganQO5hvvhb6O3M7-qfKmDloOW-TB5bbPLUQF5l8-sq0x0bOte-bQ2a_Et6KftbAjoKLQ5tTjj6rk-t6J24L-5eT22jnf2jn9aJ5nJDoTfbLw2-6k-qR-KfKJKbjEbIFfMMb8QpP-HJAG-joHXh535gcy55OKWDCeKl0MLIbWbb0xynos-jJByMnMBMPjamOnaPLE3fAKftnOM46JehL3346-35543bRTLnLy5KJWMDFme5-Kj5jyeaRhhC6B2C6yBJTqHtboqKvhWxOcy4LdjG5Ob6QRWRvZ3lOu2564spjtDx6WBP4H3-AqKjJrWm68oP3v2Pj2OfJ5WlrrQfbQ0MOhqP-jW5TuKhCXQn7JOpkxhfnxyb5DQRPH-Rv92DQMVU52QqcqEIQHQT3m5-5bbN3Ot6T2-DA__CtKfCQP; PSINO=2; ab_sr=1.0.1_ZmIxYTVlODVlZGYzMjllMDI3MGFlOWZkODg3NGY3OTNmNGQ4NGNkMGM4MTFkOGE0NjA2OTVkYTdiYTA2NmM5MTlkN2QwYWEyNjA5MWE0ZmY1YWYwM2Q3NTQ2ZmZmYTJiOGM1NzNlOGE4ZTE0NGFhOGNhOGU5M2E0N2Y5ZTdkOWU4MjVmMzY1ODIyZDg4MjZhN2YxYjNhNDE5YWJkMDEzNw==; RT="z=1&dm=baidu.com&si=5d89756d-31e8-421b-9257-eada8ff0796b&ss=m38qbtyw&sl=1&tt=3pm&bcn=https%3A%2F%2Ffclog.baidu.com%2Flog%2Fweirwood%3Ftype%3Dperf&ld=4mn"`)
req.Header.Set("Origin", "https://fanyi.baidu.com")
req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://fanyi.baidu.com/mtpe-individual/multimodal?query=hello&lang=en2zh")
req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
req.Header.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "same-origin")
req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/130.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
req.Header.Set("accept", "text/event-stream")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `"Chromium";v="130", "Google Chrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"`)
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"Windows"`)
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
log.Fatalf("request failed, status code: %v", resp.StatusCode)
}
// 检查响应头
if resp.Header.Get("Content-Type") != "text/event-stream; charset=utf-8" {
log.Fatalf("unexpected content type: %s", resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
}
reader := bufio.NewReader(resp.Body)
for {
line, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
if err == io.EOF { // 正常结束
break
}
log.Fatalf("Error reading from EventStream: %v", err)
}
line = line[:len(line)-1] // 去掉换行符
if strings.HasPrefix(line, "data: ") {
msg := line[6:]
responseData := SimpleResponse{}
if err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(msg), &responseData); err != nil {
log.Printf("Error parsing JSON: %v", err)
continue
}
if responseData.Data.Event == "GetDictSucceed" {
wordName := responseData.Data.DictResult.SimpleMeans.WordName
for _, symbol := range responseData.Data.DictResult.SimpleMeans.Symbols {
fmt.Printf("%s UK: [%v] US: [%v]\n", wordName, symbol.PhEn, symbol.PhAm)
for _, part := range symbol.Parts {
fmt.Printf("%s \t %s\n", part.Part, strings.Join(part.Means, ";"))
}
}
break
}
}
}
}
- caiyun.go
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
)
type CaiYunFanyiDictRequest struct {
TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
Source string `json:"source"`
UserID string `json:"user_id"`
}
type CaiYunFanyiDictResponse struct {
Rc int `json:"rc"`
Wiki struct {
} `json:"wiki"`
Dictionary struct {
Prons struct {
EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
En string `json:"en"`
} `json:"prons"`
Explanations []string `json:"explanations"`
Synonym []string `json:"synonym"`
Antonym []string `json:"antonym"`
WqxExample [][]string `json:"wqx_example"`
Entry string `json:"entry"`
Type string `json:"type"`
Related []interface{} `json:"related"`
Source string `json:"source"`
} `json:"dictionary"`
}
func queryCaiYunFanYi(word string) {
client := &http.Client{}
caiYunFanyiDictRequest := CaiYunFanyiDictRequest{
TransType: "en2zh",
Source: word,
}
buf, err := json.Marshal(caiYunFanyiDictRequest)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
data := bytes.NewReader(buf)
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
req.Header.Set("accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
req.Header.Set("accept-language", "zh")
req.Header.Set("app-name", "xiaoyi")
req.Header.Set("authorization", "Bearer")
req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
req.Header.Set("device-id", "119d6c84d67cda344b6a4745df42cbc3")
req.Header.Set("origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
req.Header.Set("os-version", "")
req.Header.Set("priority", "u=1, i")
req.Header.Set("referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `"Chromium";v="130", "Google Chrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"`)
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"Windows"`)
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "cross-site")
req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/130.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
req.Header.Set("x-authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
caiYunFanyiDictResponse := CaiYunFanyiDictResponse{}
err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &caiYunFanyiDictResponse)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(word, "UK:", caiYunFanyiDictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", caiYunFanyiDictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
for _, item := range caiYunFanyiDictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
fmt.Println(item)
}
}
- main.go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"os"
)
func main() {
if len(os.Args) != 2 {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello`)
os.Exit(1)
}
fmt.Println("Querying CaiYun Fanyi...")
queryCaiYunFanYi(os.Args[1])
fmt.Println("Querying Baidu Fanyi...")
queryBaiduFanyi(os.Args[1])
}
题目3
准备一个通道 reply ，用来存放翻译结果。将 reply 传入百度翻译与彩云翻译的 query 函数中，并行启动（query 函数中，应把翻译结果传入 reply 通道）。主 goroutine 等待翻译结果，有就打印到标准输出，然后退出。
- main.go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"os"
)
func main() {
if len(os.Args) != 2 {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello`)
os.Exit(1)
}
reply := make(chan string)
go func() {
// 百度翻译响应的大量信息，这里不加延时，基本都是彩云先翻译成功
// 模拟网络延迟
// time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
queryCaiYunFanYi(os.Args[1], reply)
}()
go queryBaiduFanyi(os.Args[1], reply)
msg := <-reply
fmt.Println(msg)
}
