React vs Vue 代码直观对比

wendZzoo
89 阅读5分钟

声明状态

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function Name() {
    const [name] = useState("wendzzoo");
    return <h1>Hello {name}</h1>;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
const name = ref("wendzzoo");
</script>

<template>
  <h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>
</template>

更新状态

React

import { useEffect, useState } from "react";

export default function Name() {
  const [name, setName] = useState("wendzzoo");

  useEffect(() => {
    setName("zuowendong");
  }, []);

  return <h1>Hello {name}</h1>;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
const name = ref("wendzzoo");
name.value = "zuowendong";
</script>

<template>
  <h1>Hello {{ name }}</h1>
</template>

计算状态

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function DoubleCount() {
  const [count] = useState(10);
  const doubleCount = count * 2;

  return <div>{doubleCount}</div>;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from "vue";
const count = ref(10);
const doubleCount = computed(() => count.value * 2);
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ doubleCount }}</div>
</template>

样式

React

import "./style.css";

export default function CssStyle() {
  return (
    <>
      <h1 className="title">I am red</h1>
      <button style={{ fontSize: "10rem" }}>I am a button</button>
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<template>
  <h1 class="title">I am red</h1>
  <button style="font-size: 10rem">I am a button</button>
</template>

<style scoped>
.title {
  color: red;
}
</style>

循环列表

React

export default function Colors() {
  const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];
  return (
    <ul>
      {colors.map((color) => (
        <li key={color}>{color}</li>
      ))}
    </ul>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];
</script>

<template>
  <ul>
    <li
      v-for="color in colors"
      :key="color"
    >
      {{ color }}
    </li>
  </ul>
</template>

点击事件

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

  function incrementCount() {
    setCount((count) => count + 1);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>Counter: {count}</p>
      <button onClick={incrementCount}>+1</button>
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
const count = ref(0);

function incrementCount() {
  count.value++;
}
</script>

<template>
  <p>Counter: {{ count }}</p>
  <button @click="incrementCount">+1</button>
</template>

获取DOM节点

React

import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";

export default function InputFocused() {
  const inputElement = useRef(null);
  useEffect(() => inputElement.current.focus(), []);

  return <input type="text" ref={inputElement} />;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { useTemplateRef, onMounted } from "vue"; // vue 3.5^

const inputElement = useTemplateRef("inputElement");

onMounted(() => {
  inputElement.value.focus();
});
</script>

<template>
  <input ref="inputElement">
</template>

条件判断

React

import { useState } from "react";

const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];

export default function TrafficLight() {
  const [lightIndex, setLightIndex] = useState(0);

  const light = TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[lightIndex];

  function nextLight() {
    setLightIndex((lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <button onClick={nextLight}>Next light</button>
      <p>Light is: {light}</p>
      <p>
        You must
        {light === "red" && <span>STOP</span>}
        {light === "orange" && <span>SLOW DOWN</span>}
        {light === "green" && <span>GO</span>}
      </p>
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from "vue";
const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["red", "orange", "green"];
const lightIndex = ref(0);

const light = computed(() => TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[lightIndex.value]);

function nextLight() {
  lightIndex.value = (lightIndex.value + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
}
</script>

<template>
  <button @click="nextLight">Next light</button>
  <p>Light is: {{ light }}</p>
  <p>
    You must
    <span v-if="light === 'red'">STOP</span>
    <span v-else-if="light === 'orange'">SLOW DOWN</span>
    <span v-else-if="light === 'green'">GO</span>
  </p>
</template>

生命周期-组件已挂载

React

import { useState, useEffect } from "react";

export default function PageTitle() {
  const [pageTitle, setPageTitle] = useState("");

  useEffect(() => {
    setPageTitle(document.title);
  }, []);

  return <p>Page title: {pageTitle}</p>;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref, onMounted } from "vue";
const pageTitle = ref("");
onMounted(() => {
  pageTitle.value = document.title;
});
</script>

<template>
  <p>Page title: {{ pageTitle }}</p>
</template>

生命周期-组件已卸载

React

import { useState, useEffect } from "react";

export default function Time() {
  const [time, setTime] = useState(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());

  useEffect(() => {
    const timer = setInterval(() => {
      setTime(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());
    }, 1000);

    return () => clearInterval(timer);
  }, []);

  return <p>Current time: {time}</p>;
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref, onUnmounted } from "vue";

const time = ref(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());

const timer = setInterval(() => {
  time.value = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
}, 1000);

onUnmounted(() => {
  clearInterval(timer);
});
</script>

<template>
  <p>Current time: {{ time }}</p>
</template>

组件通信-props

React

import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.jsx";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <UserProfile
      name="John"
      age={20}
      favouriteColors={["green", "blue", "red"]}
      isAvailable
    />
  );
}

UserProfile.jsx

import PropTypes from "prop-types";

export default function UserProfile({
  name = "",
  age = null,
  favouriteColors = [],
  isAvailable = false,
}) {
  return (
    <>
      <p>My name is {name}!</p>
      <p>My age is {age}!</p>
      <p>My favourite colors are {favouriteColors.join(", ")}!</p>
      <p>I am {isAvailable ? "available" : "not available"}</p>
    </>
  );
}

UserProfile.propTypes = {
  name: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
  age: PropTypes.number.isRequired,
  favouriteColors: PropTypes.arrayOf(PropTypes.string).isRequired,
  isAvailable: PropTypes.bool.isRequired,
};

Vue3

<script setup>
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.vue";
</script>

<template>
  <UserProfile
    name="John"
    :age="20"
    :favourite-colors="['green', 'blue', 'red']"
    is-available
  />
</template>

UserProfile.vue

<script setup>
const props = defineProps({
  name: {
    type: String,
    required: true,
    default: "",
  },
  age: {
    type: Number,
    required: true,
    default: null,
  },
  favouriteColors: {
    type: Array,
    required: true,
    default: () => [],
  },
  isAvailable: {
    type: Boolean,
    required: true,
    default: false,
  },
});
</script>

<template>
  <p>My name is {{ props.name }}!</p>
  <p>My age is {{ props.age }}!</p>
  <p>My favourite colors are {{ props.favouriteColors.join(", ") }}!</p>
  <p>I am {{ props.isAvailable ? "available" : "not available" }}</p>
</template>

组件通信-emit

React

import { useState } from "react";
import AnswerButton from "./AnswerButton.jsx";

export default function App() {
  const [isHappy, setIsHappy] = useState(true);

  function onAnswerNo() {
    setIsHappy(false);
  }

  function onAnswerYes() {
    setIsHappy(true);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>Are you happy?</p>
      <AnswerButton onYes={onAnswerYes} onNo={onAnswerNo} />
      <p style={{ fontSize: 50 }}>{isHappy ? "😀" : "😥"}</p>
    </>
  );
}

AnswerButton.jsx

import PropTypes from "prop-types";

export default function AnswerButton({ onYes, onNo }) {
  return (
    <>
      <button onClick={onYes}>YES</button>

      <button onClick={onNo}>NO</button>
    </>
  );
}

AnswerButton.propTypes = {
  onYes: PropTypes.func,
  onNo: PropTypes.func,
};

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
import AnswerButton from "./AnswerButton.vue";

let isHappy = ref(true);

function onAnswerNo() {
  isHappy.value = false;
}

function onAnswerYes() {
  isHappy.value = true;
}
</script>

<template>
  <p>Are you happy?</p>
  <AnswerButton
    @yes="onAnswerYes"
    @no="onAnswerNo"
  />
  <p style="font-size: 50px">
    {{ isHappy ? "😀" : "😥" }}
  </p>
</template>

AnswerButton.vue

<script setup>
const emit = defineEmits(["yes", "no"]);

function clickYes() {
  emit("yes");
}

function clickNo() {
  emit("no");
}
</script>

<template>
  <button @click="clickYes">YES</button>

  <button @click="clickNo">NO</button>
</template>

插槽

import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.jsx";

export default function App() {
  return <FunnyButton>Click me!</FunnyButton>;
}

FunnyButton.jsx

import PropTypes from "prop-types";

export default function FunnyButton({ children }) {
  return (
    <button
      style={{
        background: "rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)",
        color: "#fff",
        padding: "10px 20px",
        fontSize: "30px",
        border: "2px solid #fff",
        margin: "8px",
        transform: "scale(0.9)",
        boxShadow: "4px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4)",
        transition: "transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.65, 0.88, 0.925) 0s",
        outline: "0",
      }}
    >
      {children}
    </button>
  );
}

FunnyButton.propTypes = {
  children: PropTypes.node,
};

Vue3

<script setup>
import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.vue";
</script>

<template>
  <FunnyButton> Click me! </FunnyButton>
</template>

FunnyButton.vue

<template>
  <button
    style="
      background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
      color: #fff;
      padding: 10px 20px;
      font-size: 30px;
      border: 2px solid #fff;
      margin: 8px;
      transform: scale(0.9);
      box-shadow: 4px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
      transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.65, 0.88, 0.925) 0s;
      outline: 0;
    "
  >
    <slot />
  </button>
</template>

上下文

React

import { useState } from "react";
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile";
import { UserContext } from "./UserContext";

export default function App() {
  const [user, setUser] = useState({
    id: 1,
    username: "unicorn42",
    email: "unicorn42@example.com",
  });

  function updateUsername(newUsername) {
    setUser((userData) => ({ ...userData, username: newUsername }));
  }

  return (
    <>
      <h1>Welcome back, {user.username}</h1>
      <UserContext.Provider value={{ ...user, updateUsername }}>
        <UserProfile />
      </UserContext.Provider>
    </>
  );
}

UserContext.jsx

import { createContext } from "react";

export const UserContext = createContext();

UserProfile.jsx

import { useContext } from "react";
import { UserContext } from "./UserContext";

export default function UserProfile() {
  const { username, email, updateUsername } = useContext(UserContext);

  return (
    <div>
      <h2>My Profile</h2>
      <p>Username: {username}</p>
      <p>Email: {email}</p>
      <button onClick={() => updateUsername("Jane")}>
        Update username to Jane
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref, provide } from "vue";
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.vue";

const user = ref({
  id: 1,
  username: "unicorn42",
  email: "unicorn42@example.com",
});

function updateUsername(username) {
  user.value.username = username;
}

provide("user", { user, updateUsername });
</script>

<template>
  <h1>Welcome back, {{ user.username }}</h1>
  <UserProfile />
</template>

UserProfile.vue

<script setup>
import { inject } from "vue";
const { user, updateUsername } = inject("user");
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <h2>My Profile</h2>
    <p>Username: {{ user.username }}</p>
    <p>Email: {{ user.email }}</p>
    <button @click="() => updateUsername('Jane')">
      Update username to Jane
    </button>
  </div>
</template>

表单组件-Input

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function InputHello() {
  const [text, setText] = useState("Hello world");

  function handleChange(event) {
    setText(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>{text}</p>
      <input value={text} onChange={handleChange} />
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";
const text = ref("Hello World");
</script>

<template>
  <p>{{ text }}</p>
  <input v-model="text">
</template>

表单组件-Checkbox

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function IsAvailable() {
  const [isAvailable, setIsAvailable] = useState(false);

  function handleChange() {
    setIsAvailable(!isAvailable);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <input
        id="is-available"
        type="checkbox"
        checked={isAvailable}
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label htmlFor="is-available">Is available</label>
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";

const isAvailable = ref(true);
</script>

<template>
  <input
    id="is-available"
    v-model="isAvailable"
    type="checkbox"
  >
  <label for="is-available">Is available</label>
</template>

表单组件-Radio

React

import { useState } from "react";

export default function PickPill() {
  const [picked, setPicked] = useState("red");

  function handleChange(event) {
    setPicked(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <div>Picked: {picked}</div>

      <input
        id="blue-pill"
        checked={picked === "blue"}
        type="radio"
        value="blue"
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label htmlFor="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>

      <input
        id="red-pill"
        checked={picked === "red"}
        type="radio"
        value="red"
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label htmlFor="red-pill">Red pill</label>
    </>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";

const picked = ref("red");
</script>

<template>
  <div>Picked: {{ picked }}</div>

  <input
    id="blue-pill"
    v-model="picked"
    type="radio"
    value="blue"
  >
  <label for="blue-pill">Blue pill</label>

  <input
    id="red-pill"
    v-model="picked"
    type="radio"
    value="red"
  >
  <label for="red-pill">Red pill</label>
</template>

表单组件-Select

React

import { useState } from "react";

const colors = [
  { id: 1, text: "red" },
  { id: 2, text: "blue" },
  { id: 3, text: "green" },
  { id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
];

export default function ColorSelect() {
  const [selectedColorId, setSelectedColorId] = useState(2);

  function handleChange(event) {
    setSelectedColorId(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <select value={selectedColorId} onChange={handleChange}>
      {colors.map((color) => (
        <option key={color.id} value={color.id} disabled={color.isDisabled}>
          {color.text}
        </option>
      ))}
    </select>
  );
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import { ref } from "vue";

const selectedColorId = ref(2);

const colors = [
  { id: 1, text: "red" },
  { id: 2, text: "blue" },
  { id: 3, text: "green" },
  { id: 4, text: "gray", isDisabled: true },
];
</script>

<template>
  <select v-model="selectedColorId">
    <option
      v-for="color in colors"
      :key="color.id"
      :value="color.id"
      :disabled="color.isDisabled"
    >
      {{ color.text }}
    </option>
  </select>
</template>

数据请求

React

import useFetchUsers from "./useFetchUsers";

export default function App() {
  const { isLoading, error, data: users } = useFetchUsers();

  return (
    <>
      {isLoading ? (
        <p>Fetching users...</p>
      ) : error ? (
        <p>An error occurred while fetching users</p>
      ) : (
        users && (
          <ul>
            {users.map((user) => (
              <li key={user.login.uuid}>
                <img src={user.picture.thumbnail} alt="user" />
                <p>
                  {user.name.first} {user.name.last}
                </p>
              </li>
            ))}
          </ul>
        )
      )}
    </>
  );
}

useFetchUsers.jsx

import { useEffect, useState } from "react";

export default function useFetchUsers() {
  const [data, setData] = useState();
  const [error, setError] = useState();
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);

  useEffect(() => {
    async function fetchData() {
      setIsLoading(true);
      try {
        const response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
        const { results: users } = await response.json();
        setData(users);
        setError();
      } catch (err) {
        setData();
        setError(err);
      }
      setIsLoading(false);
    }
    fetchData();
  }, []);

  return { isLoading, error, data };
}

Vue3

<script setup>
import useFetchUsers from "./useFetchUsers";

const { isLoading, error, data: users } = useFetchUsers();
</script>

<template>
  <p v-if="isLoading">Fetching users...</p>
  <p v-else-if="error">An error ocurred while fetching users</p>
  <ul v-else-if="users">
    <li
      v-for="user in users"
      :key="user.login.uuid"
    >
      <img
        :src="user.picture.thumbnail"
        alt="user"
      >
      <p>
        {{ user.name.first }}
        {{ user.name.last }}
      </p>
    </li>
  </ul>
</template>

useFetchUsers.js

import { ref } from "vue";

export default function useFetchUsers() {
  const data = ref();
  const error = ref();
  const isLoading = ref(false);

  async function fetchData() {
    isLoading.value = true;
    try {
      const response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
      const { results: users } = await response.json();
      data.value = users;
      error.value = undefined;
    } catch (err) {
      data.value = undefined;
      error.value = err;
    }
    isLoading.value = false;
  }
  fetchData();

  return { isLoading, error, data };
}
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