Alibaba Cloud Linux实例中安装MySQL数据库

EugeneForest
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在Linux实例中安装MySQL数据库

参考原文： 在Linux实例中安装MySQL数据库

手动部署MySQL时，已有ECS实例必须满足以下条件：

  • 实例已分配公网IP地址或绑定弹性公网IP（EIP）。

  • 操作系统：CentOS 7.x、Alibaba Cloud Linux 2、Alibaba Cloud Linux 3。

  • 实例安全组的入方向规则已放行22、80、443、3306端口。具体操作，请参见添加安全组规则。

安装MySQL

  1. 安装 mysql 前，需要获取安装包链接， Mysql Rpm; 运行以下命令，更新YUM源。
sudo rpm -Uvh https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
  1. （可选）当操作系统为Alibaba Cloud Linux 3时，请执行如下命令，安装MySQL所需的库文件。
sudo rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/alinux/3/updates/x86_64/Packages/compat-openssl10-1.0.2o-4.0.1.al8.x86_64.rpm
  1. 运行以下命令，安装MySQL。

--enablerepo=mysql80-community 换成自己实际的版本

sudo yum -y install mysql-community-server --enablerepo=mysql80-community --nogpgcheck
  1. 查看版本号
mysql -V

mysql Ver 8.0.33 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

异常解决

  • 出现 libaio 软件缺失，需要安装 libaio Rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh https://mirror.stream.centos.org/9-stream/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/libaio-0.3.111-13.el9.i686.rpm

  • 出现报错： GPG check FAILED

    • 确保 安装 mysql 的命令带有 --nogpgcheck

配置 Mysql

  1. 运行以下命令，启动并设置开机自启动MySQL服务。
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

systemctl status mysqld 可以查看 mysql 的运行状态。状态为 Active 即可。

  1. 运行以下命令，获取并记录root用户的初始密码。
sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
  1. 初始化 Mysql root 用户配置，对MySQL进行安全性配置。
sudo mysql_secure_installation
  • 根据提示信息，重置MySQL数据库root用户的密码。
Enter password for user root: #输入已获取的root用户初始密码

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: #输入新的MySQL密码

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新的MySQL密码
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y选择更新MySQL密码。您也可以输入N不再更新MySQL密码。

New password: #输入新的MySQL密码

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新的MySQL密码

Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y确认使用已设置的密码。
  • 根据提示信息，删除匿名用户。
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y删除MySQL默认的匿名用户。
Success.
  • 禁止root账号远程登录。
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y禁止root远程登录。
Success.
  • 删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
  • 重新加载授权表。
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y重新加载授权表。
Success.

All done!

配置远程用户

#创建数据库用户dmsTest,并授予远程连接权限。
create user 'dmsTest'@'%' identified by 'Ecs@123****'; 
#为dmsTest用户授权数据库所有权限。
grant all privileges on *.* to 'dmsTest'@'%'; 
#刷新权限。
flush privileges;
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