架构设计
1.1 设计思想
将调度行为抽象形成“调度中心”公共平台,而平台自身并不承担业务逻辑,“调度中心”负责发起调度请求。
将任务抽象成分散的JobHandler,交由“执行器”统一管理,“执行器”负责接收调度请求并执行对应的JobHandler中业务逻辑。
因此,“调度”和“任务”两部分可以相互解耦,提高系统整体稳定性和扩展性;
1.2 系统组成
- 调度模块(调度中心) :
负责管理调度信息,按照调度配置发出调度请求,自身不承担业务代码。调度系统与任务解耦,提高了系统可用性和稳定性,同时调度系统性能不再受限于任务模块;
支持可视化、简单且动态的管理调度信息,包括任务新建,更新,删除,GLUE开发和任务报警等,所有上述操作都会实时生效,同时支持监控调度结果以及执行日志,支持执行器Failover。 - 执行模块(执行器) :
负责接收调度请求并执行任务逻辑。任务模块专注于任务的执行等操作,开发和维护更加简单和高效;
接收“调度中心”的执行请求、终止请求和日志请求等。
调度中心 部署
2.1 初始化“调度数据库” 请下载项目源码 github.com/xuxueli/xxl… 并解压,获取 “调度数据库初始化SQL脚本” 并执行即可。
“调度数据库初始化SQL脚本” 位置为:
/xxl-job/doc/db/tables_xxl_job.sql 调度中心支持集群部署,集群情况下各节点务必连接同一个mysql实例;
2.3 配置文件
### 调度中心JDBC链接:链接地址请保持和 2.1章节 所创建的调度数据库的地址一致
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxl_job?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root_pwd
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
### 报警邮箱
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.port=25
spring.mail.username=xxx@qq.com
spring.mail.password=xxx
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.class=javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
### 调度中心通讯TOKEN [选填]:非空时启用;
xxl.job.accessToken=
### 调度中心国际化配置 [必填]: 默认为 "zh_CN"/中文简体, 可选范围为 "zh_CN"/中文简体, "zh_TC"/中文繁体 and "en"/英文;
xxl.job.i18n=zh_CN
## 调度线程池最大线程配置【必填】
xxl.job.triggerpool.fast.max=200
xxl.job.triggerpool.slow.max=100
### 调度中心日志表数据保存天数 [必填]:过期日志自动清理;限制大于等于7时生效,否则, 如-1,关闭自动清理功能;
xxl.job.logretentiondays=30
Docker 镜像方式搭建调度中心:
下载镜像
// Docker地址:https://hub.docker.com/r/xuxueli/xxl-job-admin/ (建议指定版本号)
docker pull xuxueli/xxl-job-admin
<br/>
/**
创建容器并运行
- 如需自定义 mysql 等配置,可通过 "-e PARAMS" 指定,参数格式 PARAMS="--key=value --key2=value2" ;
- 配置项参考文件:/xxl-job/xxl-job-admin/src/main/resources/application.properties
- 如需自定义 JVM内存参数 等配置,可通过 "-e JAVA_OPTS" 指定,参数格式 JAVA_OPTS="-Xmx512m" ;
*/
docker run -e PARAMS="--spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xxl_job?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai" -p 8080:8080 -v /tmp:/data/applogs --name xxl-job-admin -d xuxueli/xxl-job-admin:{指定版本}
2.4 访问客户端url http://localhost:8080/xxl-job-admin/
执行器 接入集成
3.1 引入依赖
<!-- http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/xuxueli/xxl-job-core/ -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.xuxueli</groupId>
<artifactId>xxl-job-core</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0 (最新稳定版)</version>
</dependency>
3.2 配置文件 application.properties
### 调度中心部署根地址 [选填]:如调度中心集群部署存在多个地址则用逗号分隔。执行器将会使用该地址进行"执行器心跳注册"和"任务结果回调";为空则关闭自动注册;
xxl.job.admin.addresses=http://127.0.0.1:8080/xxl-job-admin
### 执行器通讯TOKEN [选填]:非空时启用;
xxl.job.accessToken=
### 执行器AppName [选填]:执行器心跳注册分组依据;为空则关闭自动注册
xxl.job.executor.appname=xxl-job-executor-sample
### 执行器注册 [选填]:优先使用该配置作为注册地址,为空时使用内嵌服务 ”IP:PORT“ 作为注册地址。从而更灵活的支持容器类型执行器动态IP和动态映射端口问题。
xxl.job.executor.address=
### 执行器IP [选填]:默认为空表示自动获取IP,多网卡时可手动设置指定IP,该IP不会绑定Host仅作为通讯实用;地址信息用于 "执行器注册" 和 "调度中心请求并触发任务";
xxl.job.executor.ip=
### 执行器端口号 [选填]:小于等于0则自动获取;默认端口为9999,单机部署多个执行器时,注意要配置不同执行器端口;
xxl.job.executor.port=9999
### 执行器运行日志文件存储磁盘路径 [选填] :需要对该路径拥有读写权限;为空则使用默认路径;
xxl.job.executor.logpath=/data/applogs/xxl-job/jobhandler
### 执行器日志文件保存天数 [选填] : 过期日志自动清理, 限制值大于等于3时生效; 否则, 如-1, 关闭自动清理功能;
xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays=30
3.3 配置类 XxlJobConfig.java
@Configuration
public class XxlJobConfig {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(XxlJobConfig.class);
@Value("${xxl.job.admin.addresses}")
private String adminAddresses;
@Value("${xxl.job.accessToken}")
private String accessToken;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.appname}")
private String appname;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.address}")
private String address;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.ip}")
private String ip;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.port}")
private int port;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.logpath}")
private String logPath;
@Value("${xxl.job.executor.logretentiondays}")
private int logRetentionDays;
@Bean
public XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobExecutor() {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-job config init.");
XxlJobSpringExecutor xxlJobSpringExecutor = new XxlJobSpringExecutor();
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAdminAddresses(adminAddresses);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAppname(appname);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAddress(address);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setIp(ip);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setPort(port);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setAccessToken(accessToken);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogPath(logPath);
xxlJobSpringExecutor.setLogRetentionDays(logRetentionDays);
return xxlJobSpringExecutor;
}
3.4 使用job
/**
* XxlJob开发示例(Bean模式)
* <p>
* 开发步骤:
* 1、任务开发:在Spring Bean实例中,开发Job方法;
* 2、注解配置:为Job方法添加注解 "@XxlJob(value="自定义jobhandler名称", init = "JobHandler初始化方法", destroy = "JobHandler销毁方法")",注解value值对应的是调度中心新建任务的JobHandler属性的值。
* 3、执行日志:需要通过 "XxlJobHelper.log" 打印执行日志;
* 4、任务结果:默认任务结果为 "成功" 状态,不需要主动设置;如有诉求,比如设置任务结果为失败,可以通过 "XxlJobHelper.handleFail/handleSuccess" 自主设置任务结果;
*
* @author xuxueli 2019-12-11 21:52:51
*/
@Component
public class SampleXxlJob {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SampleXxlJob.class);
/**
* 1、简单任务示例(Bean模式)
*/
@XxlJob("demoJobHandler")
public void demoJobHandler() throws Exception {
XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
XxlJobHelper.log("beat at:" + i);
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
}
// default success
}
/**
* 1、简单任务示例(Bean模式)
*
* @return
*/
@XxlJob("demoJobHandler3")
public void demoJobHandler3() {
XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
XxlJobHelper.log("beat at:" + i);
// TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
}
String s = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
System.out.println("demoJobHandler3 doing " + s);
boolean b = XxlJobHelper.handleFail("ReturnT.FAIL_CODE test");
// default success
}
/**
* 2、分片广播任务
*/
@XxlJob("shardingJobHandler")
public void shardingJobHandler() throws Exception {
// 分片参数
int shardIndex = XxlJobHelper.getShardIndex();
int shardTotal = XxlJobHelper.getShardTotal();
XxlJobHelper.log("分片参数:当前分片序号 = {}, 总分片数 = {}", shardIndex, shardTotal);
// 业务逻辑
for (int i = 0; i < shardTotal; i++) {
if (i == shardIndex) {
XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 命中分片开始处理", i);
} else {
XxlJobHelper.log("第 {} 片, 忽略", i);
}
}
}
/**
* 3、命令行任务
*/
@XxlJob("commandJobHandler")
public void commandJobHandler() throws Exception {
String command = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
int exitValue = -1;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
// command process
ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
processBuilder.command(command);
processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
Process process = processBuilder.start();
//Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(process.getInputStream());
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(bufferedInputStream));
// command log
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
XxlJobHelper.log(line);
}
// command exit
process.waitFor();
exitValue = process.exitValue();
} catch (Exception e) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e);
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
}
if (exitValue == 0) {
// default success
} else {
XxlJobHelper.handleFail("command exit value(" + exitValue + ") is failed");
}
}
/**
* 4、跨平台Http任务
* 参数示例:
* "url: http://www.baidu.com\n" +
* "method: get\n" +
* "data: content\n";
*/
@XxlJob("httpJobHandler")
public void httpJobHandler() throws Exception {
// param parse
String param = XxlJobHelper.getJobParam();
if (param == null || param.trim().length() == 0) {
XxlJobHelper.log("param[" + param + "] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
String[] httpParams = param.split("\n");
String url = null;
String method = null;
String data = null;
for (String httpParam : httpParams) {
if (httpParam.startsWith("url:")) {
url = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("url:") + 4).trim();
}
if (httpParam.startsWith("method:")) {
method = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("method:") + 7).trim().toUpperCase();
}
if (httpParam.startsWith("data:")) {
data = httpParam.substring(httpParam.indexOf("data:") + 5).trim();
}
}
// param valid
if (url == null || url.trim().length() == 0) {
XxlJobHelper.log("url[" + url + "] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
if (method == null || !Arrays.asList("GET", "POST").contains(method)) {
XxlJobHelper.log("method[" + method + "] invalid.");
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
}
boolean isPostMethod = method.equals("POST");
// request
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
// connection
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
// connection setting
connection.setRequestMethod(method);
connection.setDoOutput(isPostMethod);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000);
connection.setConnectTimeout(3 * 1000);
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
// do connection
connection.connect();
// data
if (isPostMethod && data != null && data.trim().length() > 0) {
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
dataOutputStream.write(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
dataOutputStream.flush();
dataOutputStream.close();
}
// valid StatusCode
int statusCode = connection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
throw new RuntimeException("Http Request StatusCode(" + statusCode + ") Invalid.");
}
// result
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
String responseMsg = result.toString();
XxlJobHelper.log(responseMsg);
return;
} catch (Exception e) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e);
XxlJobHelper.handleFail();
return;
} finally {
try {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
XxlJobHelper.log(e2);
}
}
}
/**
* 5、生命周期任务示例:任务初始化与销毁时,支持自定义相关逻辑;
*/
@XxlJob(value = "demoJobHandler2", init = "init", destroy = "destroy")
public void demoJobHandler2() throws Exception {
XxlJobHelper.log("XXL-JOB, Hello World.");
}
public void init() {
logger.info("init");
}
public void destroy() {
logger.info("destroy");
}
}