Node.js小记：Http模块里和Express框架中获取pathname的方法和途径

在 Node.js 的http模块中，可以通过以下方式获取请求的pathname（路径名部分，不包含查询字符串等）。

const http = require('http');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {m
    const url = new URL(req.url, `http://${req.headers.host}`);
    const pathname = url.pathname;
    console.log(`Received request for pathname: ${pathname}`);

    res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
    res.end('Hello World!');
});

const port = 3000;
server.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server running at port ${port}`);
});

这里使用了URL对象来解析请求的 URL，从而可以准确地获取到pathname。这样做的好处是可以方便地处理不同的 URL 部分，包括路径名、查询参数、锚点等。

在 Express 框架中，可以很容易地获取请求的路径（path）和路径名（pathname）。

获取路径（包括查询字符串等）：

const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    const path = req.path;
    console.log(`Received request for path: ${path}`);
    res.send('Hello World!');
});

const port = 3000;
app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server running at port ${port}`);
});

获取路径名（不包含查询字符串等）：

可以结合内置的url模块来获取更精确的路径名。

const express = require('express');
const url = require('url');
const app = express();

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    const parsedUrl = url.parse(req.url);
    const pathname = parsedUrl.pathname;
    console.log(`Received request for pathname: ${pathname}`);
    res.send('Hello World!');
});

const port = 3000;
app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server running at port ${port}`);
});

或者直接使用 Express 的内置方法获取路径的各个部分：

const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    const { path, pathname } = req._parsedUrl;
    console.log(`Received request for path: ${path}`);
    console.log(`Received request for pathname: ${pathname}`);
    res.send('Hello World!');
});

const port = 3000;
app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server running at port ${port}`);
});