//获取obj在vector的位置
//将obj改为target
int index = indexMap[obj];
heap[index] = target;
//修改obj的位置,value不变,但是key要改变
//采用的方式是删除后重新插入
indexMap.erase(obj);
indexMap[target] = index;
//向上或向下调整
AdjustUp(index);
AdjustDwon(index);
} //删除指定的值 void erase(const T& obj) { //获取尾部的值 T& replace = heap[heapSize - 1]; //获取obj在vector的位置 int index = indexMap[obj]; indexMap.erase(obj);
--heapSize;
//用尾部的值替换掉obj,然后调整
if (obj != replace)
{
heap[index] = replace;
indexMap[replace] = index;
resign(replace);
}
heap.pop\_back();
}
//调整obj所在的位置 void resign(const T& obj) { //obj位置的值发生改变,向上和向下调整 //向上调整和向下调整只会发生一个 AdjustUp(indexMap[obj]); AdjustDwon(indexMap[obj]); }
由于可以获取任意值在vector的位置,因此实现起来也很简单。删除值的操作和pop类似,只需要尾部的值替换掉然后调整即可。
而修改值只需要在修改后调整位置以及改变indexMap的映射即可。
---
## 附录
* 实现代码:
#include #include #include #include #include<unordered_map> #include<assert.h> using namespace std;
template<class T, class Compare> class HeapGreater { public: HeapGreater() {} //迭代器初始化 template HeapGreater(InputIterator first, InputIterator last) { while (first != last) { push(*first); first++; } } ~HeapGreater() {}
void push(const T& x)
{
heap.push\_back(x);
indexMap[x] = heapSize;
AdjustUp(heapSize++);
}
void pop()
{
assert(!empty());
T& node = heap[0];
//交换首尾元素,然后删除
swap(0, heapSize - 1);
heapSize--;
indexMap.erase(node);
heap.pop\_back();
AdjustDwon(0);
}
//将obj改为target
void set(const T& obj,const T& target)
{
//获取obj在vector的位置
//将obj改为target
int index = indexMap[obj];
heap[index] = target;
//修改obj的位置,value不变,但是key要改变
//采用的方式是删除后重新插入
indexMap.erase(obj);
indexMap[target] = index;
//向上或向下调整
AdjustUp(index);
AdjustDwon(index);
}
//删除指定的值
void erase(const T& obj)
{
//获取尾部的值
T& replace = heap[heapSize - 1];
//获取obj在vector的位置
int index = indexMap[obj];
indexMap.erase(obj);
--heapSize;
//用尾部的值替换掉obj,然后调整
if (obj != replace)
{
heap[index] = replace;
indexMap[replace] = index;
resign(replace);
}
heap.pop\_back();
}
T top()
{
assert(!empty());
return heap[0];
}
size_t size()
{
return heapSize;
}
bool empty()
{
return heap.empty();
}
private: //需要封装交换函数,因为heap和indexMap的值都需要交换 void swap(int i, int j) { T o1 = heap[i]; T o2 = heap[j]; heap[i] = o2; heap[j] = o1; indexMap[o2] = i; indexMap[o1] = j;
}
//向上调整算法,每push一个数都要调用向上调整算法,保证插入后是一个大堆
void AdjustUp(int child)
{
Compare com;
int parent = (child - 1) / 2;
while (child > 0)
{
if (com(heap[parent], heap[child]))
{
swap(parent, child);
child = parent;
parent = (child - 1) / 2;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
//向下调整算法,每次调用pop都要进行向下调整算法重新构成大堆
void AdjustDwon(int parent)
{
Compare com;
int child = parent \* 2 + 1;
while (child < heapSize)
{
if (child + 1 < heapSize && com(heap[child], heap[child + 1]))
{
child++;
}
if (com(heap[parent], heap[child]))
{
swap(parent, child);
parent = child;
child = parent \* 2 + 1;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
//调整obj所在的位置
void resign(const T& obj)
{
//obj位置的值发生改变,向上和向下调整
//向上调整和向下调整只会发生一个
AdjustUp(indexMap[obj]);
AdjustDwon(indexMap[obj]);
}
vector<T> heap;
//反向索引表
unordered_map<T, int>indexMap;
int heapSize = 0;
};
* 测试代码
#include"HeapGreater.h"
void test_HeapGreater1() { HeapGreater<string, less> heap; heap.push("abc"); heap.push("ccc"); heap.push("bbb"); heap.push("dd"); heap.push("eee"); heap.push("yyy"); heap.push("ppp");
heap.erase("eee");
heap.set("ccc", "new ccc");
while (!heap.empty())
{
cout << heap.top() << endl;
heap.pop();
}
} struct cmp { bool operator()(string*& l, string*& r) { return *l < *r; } }; void test_HeapGreater2() { string* s1 = new string("abc"); string* s2 = new string("ccc"); string* s3 = new string("bbb"); string* s4 = new string("dd"); string* s5 = new string("eee"); string* s6 = new string("yyy"); string* s7 = new string("ppp"); string* s8 = new string("new ccc");
HeapGreater<string\*, cmp> heap;
heap.push(s1);
heap.push(s2);
heap.push(s3);
heap.push(s4);
heap.push(s5);
heap.push(s6);
heap.push(s7);
heap.erase(s5);
heap.set(s2, s8);
while (!heap.empty())
{
cout << \*heap.top() << endl;
heap.pop();
}
} void test_HeapGreater3() { vectorv = { "abc" ,"ccc" ,"bbb" ,"dd" ,"eee" ,"yyy" ,"ppp" }; HeapGreater<string, less> heap(v.begin(),v.end());
heap.erase("eee");
heap.set("ccc", "new ccc");
while (!heap.empty())
{
cout << heap.top() << endl;
heap.pop();
}
} int main() { test_HeapGreater1(); cout << endl << endl; test_HeapGreater2(); cout << endl << endl; test_HeapGreater3(); return 0; }

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