ECMAScript 中所有的数学常量和函数（完整表格+数学公式）

原文：www.shenlu.me/blog/ecmasc…

ECMAScript 中的数学全局对象

在 ECMAScript 中，有许多内置对象可以直接用作数学常量和函数。

值属性 (Value Properties)

值属性	描述	符号表示	数值
Infinity	positive Infinity	$+\infty$	Infinity (+Infinity)
NaN	Not a Number	$NaN$	NaN

函数属性 (Function Properties)

函数属性	描述	返回类型
isFinite(number)	determine whether a number is a finite number or not (Number.isFinite(Number(number)))	boolean
isNaN(number)	determine whether a value is NaN or not (Number(number) !== Number(number))	boolean
parseFloat(string)	parse an argument to a floating point number	number (float)
parseInt(string, radix)	parse an argument to an integer of the specified radix	number (integer)

构造函数属性（Constructor Properties）

• BigInt: 一个内置对象，其构造函数返回一个 bigint 基元（或 BigInt），用于表示大于 253−12^{53} - 1253−1 的整数（Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)，这是 JavaScript 使用数值基元（或数值类型）能表示的最大数字。
• Numbers: 一个原始包装对象，用于表示和操作数字，其类型是 双精度 64 位二进制格式 IEEE 754。

BigInt

函数属性	描述	返回类型
asIntN(bits, bigint)	clamp a BigInt value to a signed integer value	bigint
asUintN(bits, bigint)	clamp a BigInt value to an unsigned integer value	bigint

Numbers

值属性	描述	符号表示	数值
EPSILON	the magnitude of the difference between 1 and the smallest value greater than 1, which is approximately $2^{-52}$	$\varepsilon$	2.220446049250313e-16
NaN	the value identicial to the global NaN	$NaN$	NaN
MAX_SAFE_INTEGER	the maximum safe integer in JavaScript	$2^{53}-1$	9007199254740991
MAX_VALUE	the largest positive representable number	$2^{1024}-1$	1.7976931348623157e+308
MIN_SAFE_INTEGER	the minimum safe integer in JavaScript ($-2^{53} + 1$)	$-2^{53}+1$	-9007199254740991
MIN_VALUE	the smallest positive representable number—that is, the positive number closest to zero (without actually being zero)	$2^{-1074}$	5e-324
NEGATIVE_INFINITY	negative infinity	$-\infty$	-Infinity
POSITIVE_INFINITY	the value identicial to the global Infinity	$+\infty$	Infinity (+Infinity)

函数属性	描述	返回类型
isFinite(number)	determine whether the passed value is a finite number or not	boolean
isInteger(number)	determine whether the passed value is an integer or not	boolean
isNaN(number)	determine whether the passed value is NaN or not (typeof number === 'number' && number !== number)	boolean
isSafeInteger(number)	determine whether the passed value is a safe integer (between $-2^{53} + 1$ and $2^{53} - 1$) or not	boolean
parseFloat(string)	the function identicial to the global parseFloat	number (float)
parseInt(string, radix)	the function identicial to the global parseInt	number (integer)

注意：

1. Number.isFinite(number) 在判断给定的参数是否为 Infinity 时，不会先将其转换为 Number，这与全局的 isFinite(number) 函数不同。因此，Number.isNaN(number) 也有类似的行为。

其他属性 (Other Properties)

• Math: 这是一个具有数学常量和函数属性与方法的内置对象，但它不是一个函数对象。Math 只能处理 Number 类型，不能与 BigInt 一起使用。

Math

值属性	描述	符号表示	数值
E	the base of the natural logarithms	$e$	2.7182818284590452354
LN10	the natural logarithm of 10	$\ln(10)$	2.302585092994046
LN2	the natural logarithm of 2	$\ln(2)$	0.6931471805599453
LOG10E	the base-10 logarithm of $e$	$\log_{10}(e)$	0.4342944819032518
LOG2E	the base-2 logarithm of $e$	$\log_{2}(e)$	1.4426950408889634
PI	the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter	$\pi$	3.1415926535897932
SQRT1_2	the square root of ½	$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$	0.7071067811865476
SQRT2	the square root of 2	$\sqrt{2}$	1.4142135623730951

函数属性	描述	符号表示	返回类型
abs(x)	return the absolute value of x	$\lvert x \rvert$	number
acos(x)	return the inverse cosine of x	$\arccos(x)$	number
acosh(x)	return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x	$\operatorname{arcosh}(x)$	number
asin(x)	return the inverse sine of x	$\arcsin(x)$	number
asinh(x)	return the inverse hyperbolic sine of x	$\operatorname{arsinh}(x)$	number
atan(x)	return the inverse tangent of x	$\arctan(x)$	number
atanh(x)	return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x	$\operatorname{arctanh}(x)$	number
atan2(y, x)	return the inverse tangent of the quotient y / x of the arguments y and x	$arctan(\frac{y}{x})$	number
cbrt(x)	return the cube root of x	$\sqrt[3]{x}$	number
ceil(x)	return the smallest integer greater than or equal to x	$\lceil x \rceil$	number
clz32(x)	return the number of leading zero bits of the 32-bit integer x		number
cos(x)	return the cosine of x	$\cos(x)$	number
cosh(x)	return the hyperbolic cosine of x	$\frac{e^x + e^{-x}}{2}$	number
exp(x)	return the exponential function of x	$e^x$	number
expm1(x)	return the result of subtracting 1 from the exponential function of x	$e^x - 1$	number
floor(x)	return the largest integer less than or equal to x	$\lfloor x \rfloor$	number
fround(x)	return the nearest single precision float representation of x		number
hypot(...args)	return the square root of the sum of squares of its arguments.	$\sqrt{\sum\_{i=1}^{n}{x_n^2}}$	number
imul(x, y)	return the result of the 32-bit integer multiplication of x and y.		number
log(x)	return the natural logarithm of x	$\ln(x)$	number
log1p(x)	return the natural logarithm of 1 + x	$\ln(1+x)$	number
log10(x)	return the base 10 logarithm of x	$\log_{10} x$	number
log2(x)	return the base 2 logarithm of x	$\log_{2} x$	number
max(...args)	return the largest of the resulting values	$\max \left \{ f\left ( x_1 \right ) ,...,f\left ( x_n \right ) \right \}$	number
min(...args)	return the smallest of the resulting values	$\min \left \{ f\left ( x_1 \right ) ,...,f\left ( x_n \right ) \right \}$	number
pow(base, exponent)	return base x to the exponent power y (that is, x^y)	$x^y$	number
random()	return a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1	$x \in \left (0, 1 \right ]$	number
round(x)	return the value of the number x rounded to the nearest integer	$\lfloor x + \frac{1}{2} \rfloor$	number
sign(x)	return the sign of the x, indicating whether x is positive, negative, or zero	$\pm$	number
sin(x)	return the sine of x	$\sin x$	number
sinh(x)	return the hyperbolic sine of x	$\frac{e^x - e^{-x}}{2}$	number
sqrt(x)	return the positive square root of x	$\sqrt{x}$	number
tan(x)	return the tangent of x	$\tan(x)$	number
tanh(x)	return the hyperbolic tangent of x	$\frac{e^{2x} - 1}{e^{2x}+1}$	number
trunc(x)	return the integer portion of x, removing any fractional digits		number

注意：

1. 建议使用 x ** y 来实现 x ^ y，而不是 Math.pow(x, y)。
2. 建议使用 ~~x 来获取给定数字的整数部分，而不是 Math.trunc(x)。

文中所有的数学公式在 Mathcheap.xyz 中编辑辅助完成