虚拟 (基本不考,不重要)
虚拟就是通过谓语动词的变态表示非真实。虚拟分时态还分主/从句虚拟可以用于很多句式中,常用的是下面两种句式:
1. if 条件句的虚拟
变态方式: 从句往前推,主句4+1,将来同现在
- 假设现在
if 从句要从现在时往前推一个时态变成一般过去时 did,如果是 be 动词要用 were,主句要用 4 种情态动词 cound/would/should/might + do
If I had a billion dollars, I would donate all the money to the charity.
- 假设过去
if 从句要从过去时往前推一个时态变成过去完成时 had done,如果是 be 动词要用 were,主句要用 4 种情态动词 cound/would/should/might + have done
If he had played last season, we would have won the match.
- 假设将来 (用的最少)
if 从句要从现在时往前推一个时态变成一般过去时 did,如果是 be 动词要用 were,
或者用 were to do 和 should do (可以不记,那就和假设现在用法一致),主句要用 4 种情态动词 cound/would/should/might + do
If I were to live my life over again, I would have you as my life.
If I lived my life over again, I would have you as my life.
If I should live my life over again, I would have you as my life.
2. 宾语(动宾)从句的虚拟
当主句中的谓语动词表示 "建议、命令、要求" 时,后面的宾语从句才需要使用虚拟。从句的谓语动词用 should + 动词原型, should 可以省略。
建议: suggest / advise / propose / recommend ...
命令: order ...
要求: ask / demand / insist / requir / request ...
He ordered they (should) start the attack before dawn.
The workers demended they (should) be given the wages they should get.