代码随想录训练营Day23

39. 组合总和 leetcode.com/problems/co… 思路：跟第一个题基本一样，就是元素可以重复用

// 剪枝优化
class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum(int[] candidates, int target) {
        List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
        Arrays.sort(candidates); // 先进行排序
        backtracking(res, new ArrayList<>(), candidates, target, 0, 0);
        return res;
    }

    public void backtracking(List<List<Integer>> res, List<Integer> path, int[] candidates, int target, int sum, int idx) {
        // 找到了数字和为 target 的组合
        if (sum == target) {
            res.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
            return;
        }

        for (int i = idx; i < candidates.length; i++) {
            // 如果 sum + candidates[i] > target 就终止遍历
            if (sum + candidates[i] > target) break;
            path.add(candidates[i]);
            backtracking(res, path, candidates, target, sum + candidates[i], i);
            path.remove(path.size() - 1); // 回溯，移除路径 path 最后一个元素
        }
    }
}

40.组合总和II leetcode.com/problems/co…

class Solution {
  List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
  LinkedList<Integer> path = new LinkedList<>();
  int sum = 0;
  
  public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum2( int[] candidates, int target ) {
    //为了将重复的数字都放到一起，所以先进行排序
    Arrays.sort( candidates );
    backTracking( candidates, target, 0 );
    return res;
  }
  
  private void backTracking( int[] candidates, int target, int start ) {
    if ( sum == target ) {
      res.add( new ArrayList<>( path ) );
      return;
    }
    for ( int i = start; i < candidates.length && sum + candidates[i] <= target; i++ ) {
      //正确剔除重复解的办法
      //跳过同一树层使用过的元素
      if ( i > start && candidates[i] == candidates[i - 1] ) {
        continue;
      }

      sum += candidates[i];
      path.add( candidates[i] );
      // i+1 代表当前组内元素只选取一次
      backTracking( candidates, target, i + 1 );

      int temp = path.getLast();
      sum -= temp;
      path.removeLast();
    }
  }
}

131.分割回文串 leetcode.com/problems/pa…

思路：有点难，先过一遍

class Solution {
    List<List<String>> lists = new ArrayList<>();
    Deque<String> deque = new LinkedList<>();

    public List<List<String>> partition(String s) {
        backTracking(s, 0);
        return lists;
    }

    private void backTracking(String s, int startIndex) {
        //如果起始位置大于s的大小，说明找到了一组分割方案
        if (startIndex >= s.length()) {
            lists.add(new ArrayList(deque));
            return;
        }
        for (int i = startIndex; i < s.length(); i++) {
            //如果是回文子串，则记录
            if (isPalindrome(s, startIndex, i)) {
                String str = s.substring(startIndex, i + 1);
                deque.addLast(str);
            } else {
                continue;
            }
            //起始位置后移，保证不重复
            backTracking(s, i + 1);
            deque.removeLast();
        }
    }
    //判断是否是回文串
    private boolean isPalindrome(String s, int startIndex, int end) {
        for (int i = startIndex, j = end; i < j; i++, j--) {
            if (s.charAt(i) != s.charAt(j)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}