英语语法 3-4 复杂并列句（Compound Complex Sentences）

复杂并列句（Compound-Complex Sentence）是指在一个句子中同时包含并列句和复合句结构的句子。这类句子由至少两个独立子句（通过并列连词连接）和至少一个从句组成。复杂并列句的结构较为复杂，能够表达多重关系，使得语言表达更加细腻和丰富。以下是一些复杂并列句的例子及其解析：

示例与解析

1. 并列+名词性从句

   • Sarah loves painting, but she's unsure whether she has the talent to make a career out of it. （莎拉喜爱绘画，但她不确定自己是否有将之作为职业的天赋。）
   • 此句中，“Sarah loves painting”和“she's unsure...out of it”是两个独立子句，通过“but”连接，形成并列关系；“whether she has the talent to make a career out of it”是一个名词性从句，作为“unsure”的宾语。

2. 并列+形容词性从句

   • He finished his project early, and his boss, who was impressed, gave him a bonus. （他提前完成了项目，他的老板对此印象深刻，给了他奖金。）
   • 句子中，“He finished his project early”和“his boss gave him a bonus”是并列的两个动作，通过“and”连接；“who was impressed”是一个形容词性从句，修饰“boss”。

3. 并列+副词性从句

   • I wanted to travel, but since I hadn't saved enough money, I decided to work overtime. （我想去旅行，但由于我没有存够钱，我决定加班工作。）
   • “I wanted to travel”和“I decided to work overtime”是两个独立子句，用“but”连接；“since I hadn't saved enough money”是一个原因状语从句，说明决定加班的原因。

4. 并列+多种从句

   • They enjoyed the concert, although it rained heavily, and the singer, who had a sore throat, still performed beautifully. （他们享受了音乐会，尽管雨下得很大，而且那位喉咙痛的歌手依然表演得很出色。）
   • 此句中，“They enjoyed the concert”和“the singer performed beautifully”是并列的两个动作，通过“and”连接；“although it rained heavily”是一个让步状语从句，“who had a sore throat”是形容词性从句，修饰“singer”。

复杂并列句通过结合并列和复合句的特点，能够有效地在一句话中展现多层次的逻辑关系，适合于表达复杂的思想和情境。

例句

1. 并列+条件从句

   • She can either choose to study abroad next year or stay at her local university, depending on whether she receives the scholarship. （她可以选择明年出国留学或者留在本地大学，这取决于她是否能获得奖学金。）
   • 并列部分：“choose to study abroad next year” 和 “stay at her local university”，用“either...or...”连接；条件状语从句：“depending on whether she receives the scholarship”。

2. 并列+时间从句

   • After he graduates, he plans to travel the world, and while he's traveling, he hopes to write a book about his adventures. （毕业后，他打算环游世界，在旅行的同时，他希望能写一本关于自己冒险的书。）
   • 并列部分：“he plans to travel the world” 和 “he hopes to write a book”，用“and”连接；时间状语从句：“After he graduates” 和 “while he's traveling”。

3. 并列+目的从句

   • The team worked tirelessly through the night, not only to meet the deadline but also to ensure the project's success, so that they could secure more funding. （团队整夜不息地工作，不仅是为了赶上截止日期，也是为了确保项目的成功，以便他们能争取到更多资金。）
   • 并列部分：“to meet the deadline” 和 “to ensure the project's success”，用“not only...but also...”连接；目的状语从句：“so that they could secure more funding”。

4. 并列+原因从句

   • He decided to take a break from social media, both because he needed time for self-reflection and due to the negative impact it was having on his mental health. （他决定暂时远离社交媒体，既是因为他需要时间自我反省，也是因为它对他的心理健康产生了负面影响。）
   • 并列部分：“because he needed time for self-reflection” 和 “due to the negative impact it was having on his mental health”，通过“both...and...”隐含连接；原因状语从句结构明确表达。