CentOS安装Grass

武大打工仔
2,288 阅读3分钟

1 方案一：通过 EPEL 源安装（Centos 8）

1.1 安装 EPEL8 源

链接：grass.osgeo.org/download/li…

image-20230507202148758

安装 EPEL8 源步骤：参考链接：blog.csdn.net/Lcongming/a…

  • 首先切换到yum仓库源的目录
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
  • 创建文件
touch epel8.repo
# 文件内容如下：
[EPEL]
name=EPEL
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/epel/8/Everything/x86_64/ 
gpgcheck=0
# 需要确保这个链接能打开
# epel7用这个：https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/epel/7/x86_64/
  • 执行 yum repolist 读取查看结果，已经都可以读取了
yum repolist

image-20230507202627273

1.2 查看软件库中是否包含 GRASS

yum search grass

image-20230507202759087

1.3 安装 GRASS

yum install grass

Error: Package: wxBase3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: xerces-c-3.2.3-5.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: hdf-4.2.14-5.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libtirpc.so.3(TIRPC_0.3.0)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-libs-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16(PNG16_0)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxBase3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-libs-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxBase3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.28)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-gl-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libreadline.so.7()(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-libs-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: python3-wxpython4-4.0.7-13.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: python3-wx-siplib-api(12)(x86-64) >= 12.7
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: python3-wxpython4-4.0.7-13.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-libs-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16()(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-libs-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: libbsd-0.11.7-2.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.25)(64bit)
Error: Package: python3-wxpython4-4.0.7-13.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libjson-c.so.4(JSONC_0.14)(64bit)
Error: Package: xerces-c-3.2.3-5.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: hdf5-1.10.5-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16(PNG16_0)(64bit)
Error: Package: hdf5-1.10.5-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-libs-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.23)(64bit)
Error: Package: ogdi-4.1.0-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libtirpc.so.3()(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16(PNG16_0)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libjson-c.so.4()(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-libs-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.22)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpoppler.so.104()(64bit)
Error: Package: xerces-c-3.2.3-5.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: python3-wxpython4-4.0.7-13.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: python3-dateutil
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libcfitsio.so.7()(64bit)
           Available: cfitsio-3.47-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
               libcfitsio.so.7()(64bit)
           Installed: cfitsio-3.370-10.el7.x86_64 (@epel)
              ~libcfitsio.so.2()(64bit)
Error: Package: hdf-4.2.14-5.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libtirpc.so.3()(64bit)
Error: Package: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: netcdf-4.7.0-2.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libtirpc.so.3()(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libdap.so.25()(64bit)
Error: Package: ogdi-4.1.0-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libtirpc.so.3(TIRPC_0.3.0)(64bit)
Error: Package: PDAL-libs-2.1.0-8.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: python3-wxpython4-4.0.7-13.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.20)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.8)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16(PNG16_0)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libgif.so.7()(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libjasper.so.4()(64bit)
Error: Package: proj-epsg-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64 (@epel)
           Requires: proj = 4.8.0-4.el7
           Removing: proj-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64 (@epel)
               proj = 4.8.0-4.el7
           Updated By: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
               proj = 6.3.2-4.el8
Error: Package: proj-nad-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64 (@epel)
           Requires: proj = 4.8.0-4.el7
           Removing: proj-4.8.0-4.el7.x86_64 (@epel)
               proj = 4.8.0-4.el7
           Updated By: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
               proj = 6.3.2-4.el8
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libhistory.so.7()(64bit)
Error: Package: wxBase3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: gdal-libs-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16()(64bit)
Error: Package: arpack-3.7.0-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.27)(64bit)
Error: Package: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.9)(64bit)
Error: Package: proj-6.3.2-4.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.21)(64bit)
Error: Package: grass-7.8.7-1.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16()(64bit)
Error: Package: wxGTK3-3.0.4-11.el8.x86_64 (EPEL)
           Requires: libpng16.so.16()(64bit)

直接 yum 安装 grass 会存在依赖错误的问题，先看报错缺的是什么包，然后通过rpm的方式先把缺的包装好，所有缺的包安装完毕后，就可以通过yum install grass完成grass的安装，缺的包可以在这个网站上找：pkgs.org/

image-20230507203155606

  • 假设缺的包是下面这个：

image-20230507203400626转存失败，建议直接上传图片文件

  • 点进去，查看这个包的下载地址：

image-20230507203411137

  • 然后通过rpm命令安装这个包：rpm -Uvh 包的URL
# rpm -Uvh 包的URL
rpm -Uvh https://vault.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/glibc-2.28-164.el8.x86_64.rpm
# 强制安装，忽略依赖错误
# rpm -Uvh https://vault.centos.org/centos/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/glibc-2.28-164.el8.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps

2 方案二：源码编译安装

参考链接：www.zhihu.com/zvideo/1496…

  • 下载安装包
  • 解压并进入
  • 开始编译
./configure --prefix=/home/oge/oge-grass

疑难杂症

  • GRASS需要针对 zstd 进行编译和链接。查看您尝试的命令(yum install zstd-devel)，我假设您使用的是RHEL/CentOS7。在CentOS存储库中没有zstd的包-您需要从EPEL安装它。它应该看起来像这样

image-20230508084941624

yum install libzstd-devel

image-20230508084900049

whereis gdal-config
# 然后再在编译时指定依赖的位置
./configure --with-gdal=/usr/local/bin/gdal-config --prefix=/home/oge/oge-grass

image-20230508090349691

yum install PNG-devel

image-20230508090437991

yum install fftw-devel

image-20230508090610207

yum install cairo-devel

image-20230508091746038

yum install freetype-devel
  • ......

3 方案三： Docker镜像方式安装 (推荐)

image-20230508194802552

  • 创建容器
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