Nginx由受配置文件中定义的指令控制的模块组成。指令分为两部分:
- 简单指令(Simple Directive) - 简单指令由名称和参数组成，以空格分隔，并以分号(;)结尾。
- 块指令(Block Directive) - 块指令的结构与简单指令相似，但不是分号，而是以花括号({和})包围的一组附加指令结尾。如果块指令可以在括号内包含其他指令，则称为上下文。例如。Events，http，location和server。
放置在任何上下文外部的配置文件中的指令均被视为在main context中。 events和 http 指令位于main context中，服务器位于 http 和location中的server中。
让我们看看一些重要指令的列表:
| 指令 | 语法 | 默认 | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| absolute_redirect | absolute_redirect on|off； | absolute_redirect on; | http，server，location |
| accept_mutex | accept_mutex on |off； | off | Events |
| accept_mutex_delay | accept_mutex_delay time； | accept_mutex_delay 500ms; | Events |
| access_log(ngx_http_log_module) | access_log path [format[buffer = size] [gzip [= level]] [flush = time] [if = condition]]; access_log off; | access_log logs/access.log combined； | http，server，location |
| access_log(ngx_stream_log_module) | access_log path format [buffer = size] [gzip [= level]] [flush = time] [if = condition]； access_log off； | access_log off； | stream，server |
| add_after_body | add_before_body uri; | - | http，server，location |
| add_before_body | add_before_body uri; | - | http，server，location |
| add_header | add_header name value [always]; | - | http，server，location |
| add_trailer | add_trailer name value [always]; | - | http，server，location |
| addition_types | addition_types mime-type ...; | addition_types text/html; | http，server，location |
| aio | aio on |off|threads[=pool]; | aio off; | http，server，location |
| aio_write | aio_write on | off； | aio_write off; | http，server，location |
| alias | alias path; | - | server |
| allow(ngx_http_access_module) | allow address | CIDR | Unix: | all； | - | http，server，location,limit_except |
| allow(ngx_stream_access_module) | allow address | CIDR | Unix: | all； | - | stream，server |
| ancient_browser | ancient_browser string...; | - | http，server，location |
| ancient_browser_value | ancient_browser_value string； | ancient_browser_value 1; | http，server，location |
| api | api [write = on | off]; | - | location |
| auth_basic | auth_basic string | off； | auth_basic off； | http，server，location，limit_except |
| auth_basic_user_file | auth_basic_user_file file； | - | http，server，location，limit_except |
| auth_http | auth_http URL; | - | mail，server |
| auth_http_header | auth_http_header header value； | - | mail，server |
| auth_http_pass_client_cert | auth_http_pass_client_cert on | off； | auth_http_pass_client_cert off; | mail，server |
| auth_http_timeout | auth_http_timeout time | auth_http_timeout 60s; | mail，server |
| auth_jwt | auth_jwt string [token = $variable] |off； | auth_jwt off； | http，server，location，limit_except |
| auth_jwt_claim_set | auth_jwt_claim_set $variable name...; | - | http |
| auth_jwt_header_set | auth_jwt_header_set $variable name...; | - | http |
| auth_jwt_key_file | auth_jwt_key_file file； | - | http，server，location，limit_except |
| auth_jwt_key_request |
