规则

1. 键盘上面的WASD 可以控制蛇的前进方向
2. 随机在空白坐标点生成食物
3. 蛇不能吃自己以及撞墙否则游戏结束
4. 随着食物越多，速度越快

话不多说直接代码部分

先定义X.Y坐标可用于蛇身的移动

struct Snake { //蛇类结构体
	char image;
	short x, y; //坐标
};

获取和隐藏光标以及句柄

class snakeGame {
public:
	snakeGame();
	void printMap();
	void gotoxy(short x, short y) {
		hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); //获取句柄
		pos = { x, y };
		SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos); //移动光标
	}
	void HideCursor() //隐藏光标
	{
		HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
		CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
		GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
		CursorInfo.bVisible = false; //隐藏控制台光标
		SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态
	}

蛇的初始化部分

void initSnake() { //初始化蛇，可以自行改变
	snake.push_front({ '@', width / 2, height / 2 });
	for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
		snake.push_back({ '+', width / 2,static_cast<short>(height / 2 + i + 1) });
}

食物的生成部分

	void createFood() {
		do {
			food_x = rand() % (width - 4) + 2;
			food_y = rand() % (height - 2) + 1;
		} while (!WrongLocation());//处理冲突
		gotoxy(food_x, food_y); cout << '*' << endl; //打印食物
	}

蛇的控制以及判断是否吃到食物部分

while (1) {
	if (beg) {
		printMap();
		dir = _getch();
		initSnake();
		createFood();
		beg = eatFood = false;
	}
	tmp2 = snake.back(); tmp1 = snake.front();
	snake.pop_back();
	if (eatFood) {
		tmp2.image = '+'; snake.push_back(tmp2);
		eatFood = false;
	}
	else 		 clearSnake(tmp2);
	if (dir == 's') ++tmp1.y;
	else if (dir == 'a') --tmp1.x;
	else if (dir == 'd') ++tmp1.x;
	else 				 --tmp1.y;
	try { judgeCrash(); }
	catch (runtime_error& quitSignal) {
		throw quitSignal;
	}
	snake.front().image = '+'; snake.push_front(tmp1);
	printSnake();
	Sleep(speed + 30);
	if (tmp1.x == food_x && tmp1.y == food_y)
		foodEaten();
	if (_kbhit()) userInput();
}

完整代码展示：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<deque>
#include<ctime>
#include<stdexcept>


using namespace std;

struct Snake { //蛇类结构体
	char image;
	short x, y; //坐标
};

class snakeGame {
public:
	snakeGame();
	void printMap();
	void gotoxy(short x, short y) {
		hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); //获取句柄
		pos = { x, y };
		SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, pos); //移动光标
	}
	void HideCursor() //隐藏光标
	{
		HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
		CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
		GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//获取控制台光标信息
		CursorInfo.bVisible = false; //隐藏控制台光标
		SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态
	}
	void initSnake() { //初始化蛇，可以自行改变
		snake.push_front({ '@', width / 2, height / 2 });
		for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
			snake.push_back({ '+', width / 2,static_cast<short>(height / 2 + i + 1) });
	}
	int WrongLocation() { //判断是否食物产生位置与蛇身冲突
		for (Snake body : snake)
			if (body.x == food_x && body.y == food_y) return 0;
		return 1;
	}
	void createFood() {
		do {
			food_x = rand() % (width - 4) + 2;
			food_y = rand() % (height - 2) + 1;
		} while (!WrongLocation());//处理冲突
		gotoxy(food_x, food_y); cout << '*' << endl; //打印食物
	}
	void printSnake();
	inline void clearSnake(Snake& tail) {
		gotoxy(tail.x, tail.y); cout << ' '; //覆盖蛇尾，不使用清屏函数，避免了闪烁
	}
	void judgeCrash();
	void foodEaten();
	void userInput() {
		char ch;
		switch ( ch = _getch()) {
		case 'w':if (dir != 's') dir = ch; break;
		case 'a':if (dir != 'd') dir = ch; break;
		case 's':if (dir != 'w') dir = ch; break;
		case 'd':if (dir != 'a') dir = ch; break;
		case 'v':speed *= 0.8; break; case 'b':speed *= 1.5; break;
		case ' ':gotoxy(width / 2, height); cout << "游戏已暂停，任意键继续"; _getch();
			gotoxy(width / 2, height); cout << "                     "; break;
		default:break;
		}
	}
private:
	enum MapSize { height = 40, width = 120 }; //地图尺寸
	HANDLE hOut; COORD pos;
	char dir; //direction
	bool beg, eatFood = false;
	double speed = 200;
	deque<Snake> snake;
	int food_x, food_y;
	int score = 0;
};
void snakeGame::foodEaten() { //判断是否吃到食物
	createFood();
	eatFood = true;
	speed *= .8;
	++score;
}
void snakeGame::judgeCrash() { //判断是否撞墙或吃到自己
	int flag = 0;
	if (snake.size() >= 5) {
		deque<Snake>::iterator iter = snake.begin() + 1;
		int x = (iter - 1)->x, y = (iter - 1)->y;
		for (; iter != snake.end(); ++iter) {
			if (iter->x == x && iter->y == y) flag = 1;
		}
	}
	if (flag || snake.front().x == 1 || snake.front().x == width - 2 || snake.front().y == 0 || snake.front().y == height - 1)//检测是否撞墙或者是否吃到自身
	{
		gotoxy(width / 2 - 10, height / 2);
		cout << "游戏结束！您的分数是: " << score << "分（回车继续）" << endl;
		while (1) {
			dir = _getch();
			if (dir == '\r') break;
		}
		runtime_error quit("游戏结束，正常退出"); throw quit;
	}
}
void snakeGame::printSnake() { //打印蛇身
	deque<Snake>::const_iterator iter = snake.begin();
	for (; iter <= snake.begin() + 1 && iter < snake.end(); ++iter) {
		gotoxy(iter->x, iter->y); cout << iter->image;
	}
}
void snakeGame::printMap() { //打印地图
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i != width; i += 2) cout << "■"; //这个图案宽度占2，高度占1
	gotoxy(0, 1);
	for (i = 1; i != height; ++i) cout << "■" << endl;
	for (i = 1; i != height; ++i) {
		gotoxy(width - 2, i); cout << "■";
	}
	gotoxy(0, height - 1);
	for (i = 0; i != width; i += 2) cout << "■";
	cout << "贪吃蛇：1.方向键开始游戏 2.*代表食物 3.空格键暂停游戏\n        4.键入'v'加速    5.键入'b'减速";
}
snakeGame::snakeGame() { //开始游戏
	HideCursor(); srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(NULL)));
	beg = true;
	Snake tmp1, tmp2;
	while (1) {
		if (beg) {
			printMap();
			dir = _getch();
			initSnake();
			createFood();
			beg = eatFood = false;
		}
		tmp2 = snake.back(); tmp1 = snake.front();
		snake.pop_back();
		if (eatFood) {
			tmp2.image = '+'; snake.push_back(tmp2);
			eatFood = false;
		}
		else 		 clearSnake(tmp2);
		if (dir == 's') ++tmp1.y;
		else if (dir == 'a') --tmp1.x;
		else if (dir == 'd') ++tmp1.x;
		else 				 --tmp1.y;
		try { judgeCrash(); }
		catch (runtime_error& quitSignal) {
			throw quitSignal;
		}
		snake.front().image = '+'; snake.push_front(tmp1);
		printSnake();
		Sleep(speed + 30);
		if (tmp1.x == food_x && tmp1.y == food_y)
			foodEaten();
		if (_kbhit()) userInput();
	}
}
int main() {
	system("mode con cols=120 lines=42");
	try {
		snakeGame game;
	}
	catch (runtime_error& gameEnd) { //结束
		system("cls");
		cout << gameEnd.what();
		_getch();
	}
}