什么是独立主格？
独立主格是一种短语结构，通常描述一种状态或者动作来强调或者补充主句中的信息,通常有简化句子的作用。
句子示例
Because he was invited by jane，he decided to go to the party.
那么我们看看独立主格简化后是什么样的:
Invited by jane, he decided to go to the party.
这里的Invited是过去分词，它与主语he是一种被动关系，因为主人公是被邀请的。所以使用了过去分词而不是现在分词。这里看上去是不是像上一节提到过的非谓语动词省略句子的样子？那么独立主格结构也是非谓语动词的一种咯？那么我们再看一个句子
Because the colleague invited him，he decided to go to the party
独立主格简化后：
The colleague inviting, He decided to go to the party.
为什么这里不能像第一条例句一样直接省略Because呢？因为这里的同事邀请，属于主动邀请，所以我们要用现在分词而不是过去分词，这一点我们在非谓语动词中提到过。这里的The colleague是游离于主语之外的，所以The colleague inviting又被称为独立主格。或许看到这里你已经有些明白什么是独立主格了，那么让我接下看看独立主格简化其他句子成分的句子。
1.简化条件状语从句
If the weather permits，I will go out.
简化:The weather permitting, I will go out.
2.简化时间状语从句
After the work was finished, I went home.
简化:The work finished,I went home.
3.并列句
Tom is lying in bed and a carrot is still held in his hand.
简化:Tom is lying in bed, a carrot still held in hand.
4.名词 + 动词不定式
The rabbit to come(名词 + 动词不定式), the wolf is overjoyed.
5.不定代词 + 名词
Many animals went to the party, some of them rabbit and wolves.
6.不定代词 + 形容词
Many animals went to the party, some of them happy.
7.名词 + 副词
Tom sat on the chair, head down.
