Flutter 开发环境搭建

在 Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS 下搭建 Flutter 开发环境

下载/安装软件包

• OpenJDK-17：sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk
• Flutter SDK
• Android Studio
  • 安装 flutter 插件
• Android SDK
• Chrome

Flutter SDK、Android Studio、Android SDK、Chrome 是手动下载的，为了方便管理，在 主目录 下新建 opt 目录，Flutter SDK、Android Studio、Android SDK 解压后就放在这个目录下。

配置环境变量

编辑 ~/.profile，追加如下内容

#set user environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
ANDROID_HOME=~/opt/android-sdk
STUDIO_HOME=~/opt/android-studio
FLUTTER_HOME=~/opt/flutter
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools:$STUDIO_HOME/bin:$FLUTTER_HOME/bin:$PATH

PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn

运行 source ~/.profile 使环境变量生效

检测 Flutter 开发环境

运行 flutter doctor，根据提示运行相应的命令即可。

碰到的问题

[x] Linux toolchain - develop for Linux desktop
✗ GTK 3.0 development libraries are required for Linux development.
They are likely available from your distribution (e.g.: apt install libgtk-3-dev)

使用 sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev 并不能安装，后在 此处 找到了解决办法：

1. 查看 Ubuntu 版本代号：lsb_release -a。Ubuntu 22.04 的代号为 jammy

2. 修改文中的源，将 focal 字符串替换为 jammy

   deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammymain restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammymain restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   

3. 将修改后的内容追加到 /etc/apt/sources.list 中

4. 更新软件 sudo apt update 后，再次安装 libgtk-3-dev