无涯教程-JSON - 简介 JSON(JavaScript Object Notation，JavaScript对象表

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation，JavaScript对象表示法，读作/ˈdʒeɪsən/)是一种由道格拉斯·克罗克福特构想和设计、轻量级的资料交换语言，该语言以易于让人阅读的文字为基础，用来传输由属性值或者序列性的值组成的数据对象。尽管JSON是JavaScript的一个子集，但JSON是独立于语言的文本格式，并且采用了类似于C语言家族的一些习惯。

JSON 数据格式与语言无关。即便它源自JavaScript，但目前很多编程语言都支持 JSON 格式数据的生成和解析。JSON 的官方 MIME 类型是 application/json，文件扩展名是 .json。

JSON的使用

在编写包含浏览器扩展和网站的基于JavaScript的应用程序时使用。
JSON格式用于通过网络连接序列化和传输结构化数据。
它主要用于在服务器和Web应用程序之间传输数据。
Web服务和API使用JSON格式提供公共数据。
它可以与现代编程语言一起使用。

JSON的特征

JSON易于读写。
这是一种轻量级的基于文本的交换格式。
JSON与语言无关。

JSON中示例

以下示例显示了如何使用JSON根据书籍的主题和版本来存储与书籍相关的信息。

{
   "book": [
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="str">"01"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"language"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Java"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"edition"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"LearnFk"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"author"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"Herbert Schildt"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">

  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"id"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="str">"07"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"language"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"C++"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"edition"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"learnfk"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">
     </span><span class="str">"author"</span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"E.Balagurusamy"</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln">

]
}

了解了上述程序后，我们将尝试另一个示例。让我们将以下代码另存为 json.htm -

<html>
   <head>
      <title>JSON example</title>
      <script language = "javascript" >
         var object1 = { "language" : "Java", "author"  : "LearnFK" };
         document.write("<h1>LEARNFK JSON with JavaScript example</h1>");
         document.write("<br>");
         document.write("<h3>Language=" + object1.language+"</h3>");  
         document.write("<h3>Author=" + object1.author+"</h3>");   
     </span><span class="kwd">var</span><span class="pln"> object2 </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"language"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"C++"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"author"</span><span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">:</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"learnfk"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="pln">
     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"&lt;br&gt;"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"&lt;h3&gt;Language="</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> object2</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">language</span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="str">"&lt;/h3&gt;"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">  
     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"&lt;h3&gt;Author="</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> object2</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">author</span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="str">"&lt;/h3&gt;"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">   

     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"&lt;hr /&gt;"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">object2</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">language </span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">" programming language can be studied "</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"from book written by "</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> object2</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">author</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
     document</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">write</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"&lt;hr /&gt;"</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">
  </span><span class="tag">&lt;/script&gt;</span><span class="pln">

</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

现在，让我们尝试使用IE或任何其他启用了JavaScript的浏览器打开json.htm，它会产生以下输出-

您可以参考JSON对象一章以获取有关JSON对象的更多信息。

无涯教程-JSON - 简介

JSON的使用

JSON的特征

JSON中示例

参考链接