ArkTS API详解（UIAbility）

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@ohos.app.ability.UIAbility

UIAbility是包含UI界面的应用组件，提供组件创建、销毁、前后台切换等生命周期回调，同时也具备组件协同的能力。

UIAbility.onCreate

Ability创建时回调，执行初始化业务逻辑操作。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onCreate(want, param) {
        console.log('onCreate, want:' + want.abilityName);
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageCreate

当WindowStage创建后调用。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
        console.log('onWindowStageCreate');
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageDestroy

当WindowStage销毁后调用。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageDestroy() {
        console.log('onWindowStageDestroy');
    }
}

UIAbility.onWindowStageRestore

当迁移多实例ability时，恢复WindowStage后调用。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onWindowStageRestore(windowStage) {
        console.log('onWindowStageRestore');
    }
}

UIAbility.onDestroy

Ability生命周期回调，在销毁时回调，执行资源清理等操作。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onDestroy() {
        console.log('onDestroy');
    }
}

UIAbility.onForeground**

Ability生命周期回调，当应用从后台转到前台时触发。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onForeground() {
        console.log('onForeground');
    }
}

UIAbility.onBackground**

Ability生命周期回调，当应用从前台转到后台时触发。

class myAbility extends Ability {
    onBackground() {
        console.log('onBackground');
    }
}

UIAbility.onContinue**

当ability迁移准备迁移时触发，保存数据。

import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant';
class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
    onContinue(wantParams) {
        console.log('onContinue');
        wantParams['myData'] = 'my1234567';
        return AbilityConstant.OnContinueResult.AGREE;
    }
}

UIAbility.onNewWant

当传入新的Want，ability再次被拉起时会回调执行该方法。

 class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
    onNewWant(want, launchParams) {
        console.log('onNewWant, want:' + want.abilityName);
        console.log('onNewWant, launchParams:' + JSON.stringify(launchParams));
     }
 }

UIAbility.onDump**

转储客户端信息时调用。

class myAbility extends Ability {
   onDump(params) {
       console.log('dump, params:' + JSON.stringify(params));
       return ['params'];
   }
}

UIAbility.onSaveState**

该API配合appRecovery使用。在应用故障时，如果使能了自动保存状态，框架将回调onSaveState保存Ability状态。

import AbilityConstant from '@ohos.app.ability.AbilityConstant';

class MyUIAbility extends Ability {
  onSaveState(reason, wantParam) {
      console.log('onSaveState');
      wantParam['myData'] = 'my1234567';
      return AbilityConstant.OnSaveResult.RECOVERY_AGREE;
  }
}

Caller.call**

向通用组件服务端发送约定序列化数据。

class MyMessageAble{ // 自定义的Parcelable数据结构
  name:''
  str:''
  num: 1
  constructor(name, str) {
    this.name = name;
    this.str = str;
  }
  marshalling(messageSequence) {
    messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
    messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
    console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
  unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
    this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
    this.str = messageSequence.readString();
    console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
};
let method = 'call_Function'; // 约定的通知消息字符串
let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      let msg = new MyMessageAble('msg', 'world'); // 参考Parcelable数据定义
      caller.call(method, msg)
        .then(() => {
          console.log('Caller call() called');
        })
        .catch((callErr) => {
          console.log('Caller.call catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message));
        });
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.callWithResult

向通用组件服务端发送约定序列化数据, 并将服务端返回的约定序列化数据带回。

class MyMessageAble{
  name:''
  str:''
  num: 1
  constructor(name, str) {
    this.name = name;
    this.str = str;
  }
  marshalling(messageSequence) {
    messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
    messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
    console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
  unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
    this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
    this.str = messageSequence.readString();
    console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
    return true;
  }
};
let method = 'call_Function';
let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      let msg = new MyMessageAble(1, 'world');
      caller.callWithResult(method, msg)
        .then((data) => {
          console.log('Caller callWithResult() called');
          let retmsg = new MyMessageAble(0, '');
          data.readParcelable(retmsg);
        })
        .catch((callErr) => {
          console.log('Caller.callWithResult catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(callErr.message));
        });
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.release

主动释放通用组件服务端的通信接口。

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
      caller = obj;
      try {
        caller.release();
      } catch (releaseErr) {
        console.log('Caller.release catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.code) +
          ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(releaseErr.message));
      }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.onRelease**

注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          caller.onRelease((str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          });
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.onRelease catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.on**

注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。

let caller;
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          caller.on('release', (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          });
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.off**

取消注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。预留能力，当前暂未支持。

let caller;
export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainUIAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          };
          caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack);
          caller.off('release', onReleaseCallBack);
        } catch (error) {
          console.log('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Caller.off**

取消注册通用组件服务端Stub（桩）断开监听通知。预留能力，当前暂未支持。

let caller;
export default class MainUIAbility extends Ability {
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage) {
    this.context.startAbilityByCall({
      bundleName: 'com.example.myservice',
      abilityName: 'MainUIAbility',
      deviceId: ''
    }).then((obj) => {
        caller = obj;
        try {
          let onReleaseCallBack = (str) => {
              console.log(' Caller OnRelease CallBack is called ' + str);
          };
          caller.on('release', onReleaseCallBack);
          caller.off('release');
        } catch (error) {  
          console.error('Caller.on or Caller.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
            ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
        }
    }).catch((err) => {
      console.error('Caller GetCaller error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(err.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(err.message));
    });
  }
}

Callee.on

通用组件服务端注册消息通知callback。

class MyMessageAble{
    name:''
    str:''
    num: 1
    constructor(name, str) {
      this.name = name;
      this.str = str;
    }
    marshalling(messageSequence) {
        messageSequence.writeInt(this.num);
        messageSequence.writeString(this.str);
        console.log('MyMessageAble marshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
        return true;
    }
    unmarshalling(messageSequence) {
        this.num = messageSequence.readInt();
        this.str = messageSequence.readString();
        console.log('MyMessageAble unmarshalling num[' + this.num + '] str[' + this.str + ']');
        return true;
    }
};
let method = 'call_Function';
function funcCallBack(pdata) {
    console.log('Callee funcCallBack is called ' + pdata);
    let msg = new MyMessageAble('test', '');
    pdata.readParcelable(msg);
    return new MyMessageAble('test1', 'Callee test');
}
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onCreate(want, launchParam) {
    console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
    try {
      this.callee.on(method, funcCallBack);
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('Callee.on catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
    }
  }
}

Callee.off

解除通用组件服务端注册消息通知callback。

let method = 'call_Function';
export default class MainAbility extends Ability {
  onCreate(want, launchParam) {
    console.log('Callee onCreate is called');
    try {
      this.callee.off(method);
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('Callee.off catch error, error.code: ' + JSON.stringify(error.code) +
        ' error.message: ' + JSON.stringify(error.message));
    }
  }
}
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