在Erlang中,可以使用 inets库在Erlang中构建Web服务器,让我们看一下Erlang中可用于网络编程的一些功能,可以实现HTTP服务器,也称为httpd来处理HTTP请求。
服务器实现了许多功能,如-
- 安全Socket层(SSL)
- Erlang脚本接口(ESI)
- 通用网关接口(CGI)
- 用户身份验证(使用Mnesia,Dets或纯文本数据库)
- 通用日志文件格式(具有或不具有disk_log(3)支持)
- URL别名
- Action映射
- Directory列表
第一项工作是通过命令启动Web库。
inets:start()
下一步是实现inets库的启动功能,以便可以实现Web服务器,以下是在Erlang中创建Web服务器进程的示例。
-module(helloLearnfk). -export([start/0]).start() -> inets:start(), Pid=inets:start(httpd, [{port, 8081}, {server_name,"httpd_test"}, {server_root,"D://tmp"},{document_root,"D://tmp/htdocs"}, {bind_address, "localhost"}]), io:fwrite("~p",[Pid]).
关于上述程序,需要注意以下几点。
端口号必须是唯一的,并且不能被任何其他程序使用,httpd服务将在此端口号上启动。
server_root 和 document_root 是必填参数。
以下是上述程序的输出。
{ok,<0.42.0>}
要在Erlang中实现 Hello Learnfk Web服务器,请执行以下步骤-
第1步 - 实施以下代码-
-module(helloLearnfk).
-export([start/0,service/3]).
start() ->
inets:start(httpd, [
{modules, [
mod_alias,
mod_auth,
mod_esi,
mod_actions,
mod_cgi,
mod_dir,
mod_get,
mod_head,
mod_log,
mod_disk_log
]},
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">port</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="lit">8081</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">server_name</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"helloLearnfk"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">server_root</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"D://tmp"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">document_root</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"D://tmp/htdocs"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">erl_script_alias</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"/erl"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">helloLearnfk</span><span class="pun">]}},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">error_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"error.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">security_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"security.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">transfer_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"transfer.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">mime_types</span><span class="pun">,[</span><span class="pln">
</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"html"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"text/html"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"css"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"text/css"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"js"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"application/x-javascript"</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">]}</span><span class="pln">
]).
service(SessionID, _Env, _Input) -> mod_esi:deliver(SessionID, [
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n", "<html><body>Hello, Learnfk!</body></html>" ]).
第2步 - 如下运行代码。编译上面的文件,然后在 erl 中运行以下命令。
c(helloLearnfk).
您将获得以下输出。
{ok,helloLearnfk}
下一个命令是-
inets:start().
您将获得以下输出。
ok
下一个命令是-
helloLearnfk:start().
您将获得以下输出。
{ok,<0.50.0>}
第3步 - 您现在可以访问url- http://localhost:8081/erl/hello_Learnfk:service 。