无涯教程-Erlang - Web编程

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在Erlang中,可以使用 inets库在Erlang中构建Web服务器,让我们看一下Erlang中可用于网络编程的一些功能,可以实现HTTP服务器,也称为httpd来处理HTTP请求。

服务器实现了许多功能,如-

  • 安全Socket层(SSL)
  • Erlang脚本接口(ESI)
  • 通用网关接口(CGI)
  • 用户身份验证(使用Mnesia,Dets或纯文本数据库)
  • 通用日志文件格式(具有或不具有disk_log(3)支持)
  • URL别名
  • Action映射
  • Directory列表

第一项工作是通过命令启动Web库。

inets:start()

下一步是实现inets库的启动功能,以便可以实现Web服务器,以下是在Erlang中创建Web服务器进程的示例。

-module(helloLearnfk). 
-export([start/0]). 

start() -> inets:start(), Pid=inets:start(httpd, [{port, 8081}, {server_name,"httpd_test"}, {server_root,"D://tmp"},{document_root,"D://tmp/htdocs"}, {bind_address, "localhost"}]), io:fwrite("~p",[Pid]).

关于上述程序,需要注意以下几点。

  • 端口号必须是唯一的,并且不能被任何其他程序使用,httpd服务将在此端口号上启动。

  • server_root 和 document_root 是必填参数。

以下是上述程序的输出。

{ok,<0.42.0>}

要在Erlang中实现 Hello Learnfk Web服务器,请执行以下步骤-

第1步  -  实施以下代码-

-module(helloLearnfk). 
-export([start/0,service/3]). 

start() -> inets:start(httpd, [ {modules, [ mod_alias, mod_auth, mod_esi, mod_actions, mod_cgi, mod_dir, mod_get, mod_head, mod_log, mod_disk_log ]},

  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">port</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="lit">8081</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">server_name</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"helloLearnfk"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">server_root</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"D://tmp"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">document_root</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"D://tmp/htdocs"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">erl_script_alias</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"/erl"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="pln">helloLearnfk</span><span class="pun">]}},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">error_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"error.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">security_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"security.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">transfer_log</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="str">"transfer.log"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> 
  
  </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="pln">mime_types</span><span class="pun">,[</span><span class="pln"> 
     </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"html"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"text/html"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"css"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"text/css"</span><span class="pun">},</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="str">"js"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="str">"application/x-javascript"</span><span class="pun">}</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">]}</span><span class="pln"> 

]).

service(SessionID, _Env, _Input) -> mod_esi:deliver(SessionID, [ "Content-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n", "<html><body>Hello, Learnfk!</body></html>" ]).

第2步  -  如下运行代码。编译上面的文件,然后在 erl 中运行以下命令。

c(helloLearnfk).

您将获得以下输出。

{ok,helloLearnfk}

下一个命令是-

inets:start().

您将获得以下输出。

ok

下一个命令是-

helloLearnfk:start().

您将获得以下输出。

{ok,<0.50.0>}

第3步  -  您现在可以访问url- http://localhost:8081/erl/hello_Learnfk:service 。

参考链接

www.learnfk.com/erlang/erla…