基本命令
ip addr (查看ip地址)
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:52:c8:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.138.100/24 brd 192.168.138.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::4806:556a:2ec5:1eb/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@localhost ~]#
pwd (查看当前所在的目录)
[root@localhost ~]# pwd
/root
shutdown -h now (关机)
reboot (重启)
ping ip或域名 (查看网络是否ok)
[root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (36.155.132.31) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=11.1 ms
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=12.1 ms
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=11.9 ms
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=11.6 ms
ctrl + c (强制结束占用窗口的命令(配合上面命令使用更佳))
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 11.193/11.718/12.124/0.347 ms
[root@localhost ~]#
top (查看内存情况)
[root@localhost ~]# top
top - 18:02:39 up 53 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks: 120 total, 1 running, 119 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.1 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 3861288 total, 2782416 free, 281748 used, 797124 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 4063228 total, 4063228 free, 0 used. 3341744 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 193700 6764 4144 S 0.0 0.2 0:01.88 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
6 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 ksoftirqd/0
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.65 rcu_sched
10 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 lru-add-drain
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 watchdog/0
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 watchdog/1
13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.07 migration/1
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:02.48 kworker/1:0
16 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 watchdog/2
18 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.07 migration/2
19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 ksoftirqd/2
21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
22 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 watchdog/3
23 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.10 migration/3
24 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 ksoftirqd/3
25 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:0
26 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:0H
28 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kdevtmpfs
29 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
30 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd
31 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback
32 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd
33 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
34 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
35 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
36 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd
37 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 md
38 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 edac-poller
39 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdogd
kill -9 pid (强制杀死指定进程)
ps -ef | grep -i 进程名字 (查看进程运行信息(|是管道的意思))
clear (清屏(是个假清屏,鼠标滚轮往上滑,就能出现之前写的代码))
history (查看历史命令(在历史命令的编号前面加上!就能执行历史命令))
[root@localhost ~]# history
1 vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
2 systemctl restart network
3 ping www.baidu.com
4 ls -l
5 cd tmp
6 cd /tmp
7 ls
8 ..
9 cd ..
10 cd lib
11 ls
12 ls -a
13 ping www.baidu.com
14 ping www.itheima.com
15 clear
16 cd ..
17 cd /opt
18 mkdir aa
19 mkdir bb cc
20 mkmkdir cc/dd
21 mkdir cc/dd
22 rm -rf bb
23 cp -r aa
24 cp -r aa /root
25 ls /root
[root@localhost ~]# !13
ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (36.155.132.31) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=10.8 ms
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=10.8 ms
64 bytes from 36.155.132.31 (36.155.132.31): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=11.2 ms
目录相关命令
cd 目录或符号 (切换指定目录(记得cd后面要空格噢))
[root@localhost ~]# cd /tmp
[root@localhost tmp]#
cd ~ (切换到根目录)
[root@localhost tmp]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]#
cd . (当前目录)
cd .. (返回上一级目录)
[root@localhost test]# cd ..
[root@localhost opt]#
ls 参数 (查看目录下的文件)
[root@localhost opt]# ls
tar.gz test
mkdir [-p] 目录
[root@localhost test]# mkdir -p aa/bb/cc
rm -rf 目录名
[root@localhost test]# rm -rf aa/bb
cp [-r] 源目录(被复杂的目录) 目标目录(复制到的目录位置)
[root@localhost test]# cp -r aa bb
mv 源目录(被复杂的目录) 目标目录(复制到的目录位置)
[root@localhost test]# mv bb aa
文件相关命令
删除文件,复制文件,移动文件跟上面的基本命令一致,这里就不写了
touch 文件名 (创建新文件)
[root@localhost test]# touch Teacher.java
vi 文件名(可以安装一个vim编辑器,这个vi不好用,没有颜色提示)
yum install vim (安装vim编辑器) vim 文件名 (打开文件)
查看模式
esc (退出插入模式)
底行模式
查看文件
cat 文件名 (展开文件所有内容,适用于较小文件)
[root@localhost test]# cat User.java
public class User{
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String username;
private String password;
private String status;
private Integer gender;
public void main(int[] args){
System.out.println("我的名字是"+"name"+"我是"+"gender"+"孩子");
}
}
more 文件名 (展开文件所有内容,适用于较大文件)
tail -f 文件名 (动态查看文件内容,监控日志文件)
(重要)tar
tar -zcvf 压缩后的文件名 被压缩的文件或者目录列表 (压缩)
[root@localhost test]# tar -zcvf teacher Teacher.java
Teacher.java
tar -zxvf 要解压的文件名 -C 被解压的文件或者目录列表 (解压)
[root@localhost tar.gz]# tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
apache-maven-3.5.4/README.txt
apache-maven-3.5.4/LICENSE
apache-maven-3.5.4/NOTICE
apache-maven-3.5.4/lib/
apache-maven-3.5.4/lib/cdi-api.license
#### apache-maven-3.5.4/lib/commons-cli.license
apache-maven-3.5.4/lib/commons-io.license
......
查找命令
find 目录 参数 文件名(可以是后缀,也可以是前缀,可以使用通配符*代替) ( 查看自己定义的文件)
[root@localhost test]# find /opt String *java
/opt
/opt/test
/opt/test/User.java
/opt/test/Teacher.java
/opt/test/teacher
/opt/tar.gz
/opt/tar.gz/apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz
/opt/tar.gz/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz
/opt/tar.gz/apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
grep 内容 文件名 (从指定的文件中查找指定的文本内容)
[root@localhost test]# grep String *java
User.java: private String name;
User.java: private String username;
User.java: private String password;
User.java: private String status;
[root@localhost test]# grep -n String *java (-n 表示行号)
User.java:4: private String name;
User.java:5: private String username;
User.java:6: private String password;
User.java:7: private String status;
权限命令
推荐使用数字授权
chmod 777 文件名
[root@localhost test]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 119 9月 3 20:13 teacher
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 3 19:47 Teacher.java
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 276 9月 3 16:22 User.java
[root@localhost test]# chmod 744 User.java
[root@localhost test]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 119 9月 3 20:13 teacher
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 9月 3 19:47 Teacher.java
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 276 9月 3 16:22 User.java
[root@localhost test]#
