Integer

完整路径：java.lang.Integer

1. Integer类在对象中包装了一个基元类型int,Integer提供了一些方法用于将int转换为String和将String转换为int
2. Integer默认缓存了-128到127（最大值也可以根据系统变量java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high设置）之间的整数，使用的是CDS类提前初始化技术，下面initializeFromArchive表示从archive中加载缓存的archivedCache，避免执行静态代码块，提升了运行时效率

private static class IntegerCache {
    static final int low = -128;
    static final int high;
    static final Integer[] cache;
    static Integer[] archivedCache;

    static {
        // high value may be configured by property
        int h = 127;
        String integerCacheHighPropValue =
            VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
        if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
            try {
                h = Math.max(parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue), 127);
                // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                h = Math.min(h, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
            } catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
                // If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
            }
        }
        high = h;

        // Load IntegerCache.archivedCache from archive, if possible
        CDS.initializeFromArchive(IntegerCache.class);
        int size = (high - low) + 1;

        // Use the archived cache if it exists and is large enough
        if (archivedCache == null || size > archivedCache.length) {
            Integer[] c = new Integer[size];
            int j = low;
            for(int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
                c[i] = new Integer(j++);
            }
            archivedCache = c;
        }
        cache = archivedCache;
        // range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
        assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
    }

    private IntegerCache() {}
}

3. 使用Integer的valueOf方法，如果在-128到127之间，则会返回缓存中的Integer对象，不在此范围内则返回新的Integer对象

@IntrinsicCandidate
public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
    if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
        return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
    return new Integer(i);
}