Java Post请求 不同传参方式Util

场景：开发中经常遇到调用第三方接口，各种方式的传参；无法引入第三方封装的工具类，需手动加入工具类的情况。

传参方式

params	拼接传参
form-data	表单，可以传文件
x-www-urlencoded	表单，不可传文件
body	Body传参，JSON/text/...

接口定义

/**
 * 通过params传参（即直接拼接传参...）
 * @param map
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/testParams")
public String testParams(@RequestParam Map map){
    return map.get("name").toString()+"--"+map.get("age");
}

/**
 * 通过form-data传参
 * @param picture
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/testFormData")
public String testParams(@ModelAttribute Picture picture){
    return picture.getPictureUrl();
}

/**
 * 通过x-www-urlencoded传参
 * @param map
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/testUrlEncoded")
public String testUrlEncoded(@ModelAttribute Picture map){
    return map.getPictureUrl();
}

/**
 * 通过Body-JSON传参
 * @param picture
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/testBody")
public String testBody(@RequestBody Picture picture){
    return picture.getPictureUrl();
}

/**
 * 通过Body-text传参
 * @param json
 * @return
 */
@PostMapping("/testBodyString")
public String testBodyString(@RequestBody String json){
    return json;
}

HttpPostUtil

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpPostUtils {

    /**
     * 发送Post请求
     * 使用params/form-data/x-www-form-urlencoded传参
     *
     * @param targetUrl 请求地址Url
     * @param params    key1=value1&key2=value2
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPostParam(String targetUrl, String params,String token) {
        try {
            // 创建URL对象
            URL url = new URL(targetUrl);
            // 创建HttpURLConnection对象
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            // 设置请求方法为POST
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            // 设置请求头
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
            if (null != token) {
                connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);
            }
            // 启用输出流
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            // 将参数转换为字节数组，并将其写入输出流
            DataOutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            outputStream.writeBytes(params);
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
            // 获取响应状态码和响应内容
            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                response.append(line);
            }
            reader.close();
            // 输出响应内容
//			System.out.println("Response Code: " + responseCode);
//			System.out.println("Response Content: " + response.toString());
            // 关闭连接
            connection.disconnect();
            return response.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 发送Post请求
     * 使用Body JSON/txet传参
     *
     * @param targetUrl 	请求地址Url
     * @param requestBody   	请求参数String
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPostBody(String targetUrl, String requestBody,Map<String,String> headers){
        try {
            // 指定请求URL
            URL url = new URL(targetUrl);

            // 创建连接
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            // 设置请求方法为POST
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

            // 设置请求头
            if (null != headers) {
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> header : headers.entrySet()) {
                    connection.setRequestProperty(header.getKey(), header.getValue());
                }
//                connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
//                connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer your_token");
            }

            // 启用输出流并写入请求体内容
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            OutputStream outputStream = connection.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write(requestBody.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();

            // 发送请求并获取响应
            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
                String line;
                StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    response.append(line);
                }
                reader.close();
                // 处理响应
                System.out.println("Response: " + response.toString());
                return response.toString();
            } else {
                System.out.println("Request failed. Response Code: " + responseCode);
            }
            // 断开连接
            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // params
        String targetUrl = "http://localhost:8080/testParams";
        String param = "name=123&age=232";
        System.out.println(doPostParam(targetUrl, param,null));

        String targetUrl1 = "http://localhost:8080/testFormData";
        String param1 = "pictureUrl=32sdhasda";
        System.out.println(doPostParam(targetUrl1, param1,null));

//        String targetUrl = "http://localhost:8080/testBody";
        String targetUrl2 = "http://localhost:8080/testBodyString";
        String param2 = "{"pictureUrl":"1231"}";
        HashMap<String, String> headers = new HashMap<>();
        headers.put("Content-Type","application/json");
        headers.put("Authorization","Bearer your_token");
        System.out.println(doPostBody(targetUrl2, param2,headers));
    }
}