操作指南
enable-feature
# need admin right
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart
# reboot machine
Restart-Computer
update linux package
# update linux package
wsl --update
set wsl version
# set wsl version
wsl --set-default-version 2
list linux distribution online
# list linux distribution
# only you know how to access the extranet in China, can it show correct result with next line:
wsl --list --online
# today, you can choose one of them:
# Debian Debian GNU/Linux
# Ubuntu-18.04 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
# Ubuntu-20.04 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
# Ubuntu-22.04
# ...
install linux distribution
# install
# wsl --install -d <Distribution Name>
# Run as administrator
# will ask for user and password
# $linux_distibution="Ubuntu-20.04"
$linux_distibution="Ubuntu-22.04"
wsl --install -d $linux_distibution
# exit wsl
# exit
get wsl info you are running
# get wsl info you are running
wsl -l -v
set wsl memory and others
# this is optional.
# set wsl memory and others
$text=@"
[wsl2]
processors=8
memory=8GB
swap=8GB
localhostForwarding=true
"
set-conent -Path ~/.wslconfig -Value $text
to check
set wsl installed position to custom diretory
# task:s:change installed position
# shutdown -> export -> unregister -> import
$linux_distibution="Ubuntu-22.04"
$wsl_ms_name="Ubuntu_2204"
$wsl2_dir="D:\10_WSL2"
# make a std new name
$wsl_ms_name=$linux_distibution.replace("-","_").replace('.','').tolower()
# make dirs
$null=mkdir -p "${wsl2_dir}\${linux_distibution}" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# cache ms dir in var
# $wsl_ms_dir=${wsl2_dir}
$wsl_ms_dir="${wsl2_dir}\${linux_distibution}"
# shutdown
wsl --shutdown
# export
wsl --export $linux_distibution "${wsl2_dir}\${linux_distibution}.tar"
# wait some min
# unregister
wsl --unregister $linux_distibution
# import
wsl --import $wsl_ms_name ${wsl_ms_dir}\ "${wsl2_dir}\${linux_distibution}.tar" --version 2
# wait some min
# task:e:change installed position
set default wsl machine
# switch wsl
# wslconfig /setdefault <系统名称>
# wslconfig /setdefault <DistributionName>
# wslconfig /setdefault ubuntu_2204
wslconfig /setdefault $wsl_ms_name
delete wsl machine
# delete
# wsl --unregister <DistributionName>
# wsl --unregister Ubuntu-22.04
# wsl --unregister Ubuntu_2204
wsl --unregister $wsl_ms_name
start wsl machine
# start and login with default user and default machine name
wsl
# start and login with spec user and default machine name
# wsl -u root
# wsl -u zero
# start and login with spec user and spec machine name
# wsl -u zero -d ubuntu_2204
set line-ending between win and wsl ( when using git)
# in win
# scoop install git
git config --global core.autocrlf input
# in wsl
# set line eof in between win and wsl for git
# sudo apt install git -y
git config --global core.autocrlf input
all in one on window
git config --global core.autocrlf input
# window run cmd on remote wsl
wsl git config --global core.autocrlf input
sharing git credential between win and wsl ( when using git)
git config --global credential.helper wincred
# scoop prefix git
# share git credential of window to wsl
# apt-get install git
# git config --global user.name "Your Name"
# git config --global user.email "youremail@domain.com"
# git config --global credential.helper "/mnt/c/Program\ Files/Git/mingw64/libexec/git-core/git-credential-manager.exe"
# git config --global credential.helper "/mnt/d/CustomSoftware/windows/Scoop/apps/git/current/mingw64/libexec/git-core/git-credential-manager.exe"
to check
set systemd hacks in wsl
# if current wsl do no support systemd.
# enable systemd support
sudo apt install git -y
git clone https://github.com/DamionGans/ubuntu-wsl2-systemd-script.git
cd ubuntu-wsl2-systemd-script/
bash ubuntu-wsl2-systemd-script.sh
set wsl with static ip
give wsl a static ip (todo)
set wsl hosts file
edit-hosts-file (todo)
give wsl a custom domain (todo)
design custom domain in my developing enviroenment (todo)
access localhost ports from Windows
- have
wsl.localautomatically resolve to the WSL2 VM
# install it
$ghproxy="https://ghproxy.com/"
$url="${ghproxy}https://github.com/shayne/go-wsl2-host/releases/download/v0.3.5/wsl2host.exe"
$output = ".\wsl2host.exe"
$start_time = Get-Date
(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile($url, $output)
Write-Output "Time taken: $((Get-Date).Subtract($start_time).Seconds) second(s)"
# admin right
.\wsl2host.exe install
# Windows Username: <username-you-use-to-login-to-windows>
# Windows Password: <password-for-this-user>
- To make these dev servers / ports accessible you can run the following commands, or add them to the
/etc/rc.localif you havesystemdrunning:
# /etc/rc.local runs as root by default
# if you run these yourself add 'sudo' to the beginning of each command
sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.route_localnet=1
iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1
to check
set wsl ubuntu host name
USER_NAME=wsl;
# download -> add-x-right -> run-sh
todir=./tool/wslubt-use-host-name;
tof="$todir/index.sh";
gcproxy="https://ghproxy.com/";
uri="${gcproxy}https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ymc-github/wslubt-use-host-name/main/index.sh";
mkdir -p "$todir"; curl -o "$tof" -s $uri; chmod +x "$tof"; "$tof" $USER_NAME;
# del-sh:
# rm -rf "$todir";
add user on wsl (ubuntu)
# useradd -m zero -s /bin/bash
# window run remote cmd on wsl machine
wsl -d ubuntu_2004 useradd -m zero -s /bin/bash
use no-root user to do sth.
# install wsl -> add custom user -> login with custom user -> do sth. with custom user
# do sth.
# eg. run docker with no root user
# eg. use podman replace with docker
# ...
参考文献
replacing-strings-in-powershell
shayne/wsl2-hacks: Useful snippets / tools for using WSL2 as a development environment (github.com)
