Spring Boot整合Dubbo+Zookeeper实现RPC调用
技术栈说明
Dubbo:Dubbo作为RPC框架,能在多个服务之间实现远程服务的调用。比如有两个独立的微服务A和B,A服务想要调用B服务时,因为两者不在同个内存空间中,不能直接调用,所以可以通过Dubbo实现这点。
功能和Spring Cloud的Feign相同,两者都是应用于微服务架构的远程调用框架
Zookeeper:作为注册中心去管理Dubbo服务,这点和Eureka、Nacos相同。
概述
通过一个示例说明Dubbo+Zookeeper在Spring Boot中的应用。
现有两个服务provider和consumer,即生产者和消费者:
实现步骤
- 搭建Zookeeper集群服务作为注册中心(docker-compose)
- Spring Boot项目,添加依赖,并创建三个Module:
- api:提供Service接口,但不实现
- provider:实现api的Service接口
- consumer:调用api的Service接口,并对外提供访问接口
期望结果
调用consumer服务的访问接口,能访问到数据,则说明provider实现的服务成功注册到zookeeper注册中心,并被consumer获取到。
实现
Zookeeper集群搭建(docker-compose)
zookeeper.yml:
version: "3"
services:
zk1:
image: zookeeper
network_mode: mynetwork
container_name: zk1
restart: always
hostname: zk1
# 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的
ports:
- 2181:2181
- 8081:8080
# 路径映射,路径也要注意不同
volumes:
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
- /home/mycontainers/zk1/data:/data
- /home/mycontainers/zk1/datalog:/datalog
environment:
# 当前zk实例的id
- ZOO_MY_ID=1
# 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表
- ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181 server.2=zk2:2888:3888;2181 server.3=zk3:2888:3888;2181
zk2:
image: zookeeper
network_mode: mynetwork
container_name: zk2
restart: always
hostname: zk2
# 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的
ports:
- 2182:2181
- 8082:8080
# 路径映射,路径也要注意不同
volumes:
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
- /home/mycontainers/zk2/data:/data
- /home/mycontainers/zk2/datalog:/datalog
environment:
# 当前zk实例的id
- ZOO_MY_ID=2
# 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表
- ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=zk1:2888:3888;2181 server.2=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181 server.3=zk3:2888:3888;2181
zk3:
image: zookeeper
network_mode: mynetwork
container_name: zk3
restart: always
hostname: zk3
# 端口映射,三个容器的对外端口是不同的
ports:
- 2183:2181
- 8083:8080
# 路径映射,路径也要注意不同
volumes:
- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
- /home/mycontainers/zk3/data:/data
- /home/mycontainers/zk3/datalog:/datalog
environment:
# 当前zk实例的id
- ZOO_MY_ID=3
# 整个zk集群的机器、端口列表
- ZOO_SERVERS=server.1=zk1:2888:3888;2181 server.2=zk2:2888:3888;2181 server.3=0.0.0.0:2888:3888;2181
启动服务:
docker-compose -f zookeeper.yml up
访问Zookeeper:http://mylocalhost:8081/commands
有Json结果输出表示Zookeeper服务启动成功。
Spring Boot添加Dubbo依赖
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<!--使用阿里云的Maven源-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>aliyunmaven</id>
<name>aliyun</name>
<url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
dubbo-api代码
仅提供接口,不提供实现,让provider去实现代码,来验证provider和consumer之间的脱藕。
/service
TimeService
package com.cc.service;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
public interface TimeService {
LocalDateTime getTime();
}
dubbo-provider代码
provider和consumer的pom.xml是一致的:
<dependencies>
<!--springboot启动器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.com.cc</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
application.yml
server:
port: 8081
dubbo:
application:
name: provider-app
registry:
address: zookeeper://mylocalhost:2181
provider去实现类的接口,TimeServiceImpl.java:
package com.cc.service.impl;
import com.cc.service.TimeService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
// 使用这个注解,可以将该接口实现注册到注册中心
@DubboService
public class TimeServiceImpl implements TimeService {
@Override
public LocalDateTime getTime() {
return LocalDateTime.now();
}
}
启动类需要添加@EnableDubbo注解:
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
dubbo-consumer代码
application.yml:
server:
port: 8082
dubbo:
application:
name: consumer-app
registry:
address: zookeeper://mylocalhost:2181
对外提供访问接口:
@RestController
public class ConsumerController {
@DubboReference
private TimeService timeService;
@GetMapping("/")
public String getTime() {
return timeService.getTime().format(DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME);
}
}
记得添加@Dubbo注解:
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
验证
现在去访问:http://localhost:8082/
有结果则表示验证通过。