Nest系列教程二：控制器

使用cli 创建控制器

$ nest g controller students
$ nest g service students
$ nest g module students
//也可以直接使用下边的指令生成资源
$ nest g res students --no-spec //--no-spec是不生成测试文件

执行完后目录结构如下

src
  |- app.controller.spec.ts
  |- app.controller.ts     
  |- app.module.ts         
  |- app.service.ts        
  |- main.ts               
  |- students/
        |- students.controller.spec.ts //单元测试
        |- students.controller.ts     
        |- students.module.ts         
        |- students.service.spec.ts//单元测试
        |- students.service.ts        

//students.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

@Injectable()
export class StudentsService {
    ImStudent() {
        return 'Im student';
    }
}

// students.controller.ts
import { Controller, Get } from '@nestjs/common';
import { StudentsService } from './students.service';

@Controller('students')
export class StudentsController {
    //private readonly是TypeScript中的访问修饰符，用于指定该属性只能在类内部访问，并且不能被修改
    constructor(private readonly studentsService: StudentsService) {}
  
    @Get('who-are-you')
    //方法名和路由无关
    whoAreYou() {
        return this.studentsService.ImStudent();
    }
}

浏览器输入 localhost:3000/students/wo-arr-you

GET POST请求

import { Controller, Get,Post } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CatsService } from './cats.service';

@Controller('cats')
export class CatsController {
    constructor(private readonly catsService: CatsService) {}
    @Get('hehe')
    findAllGet(): string {
        return this.catsService.GetAll();
    }
    @Post('xixi')
    findAllPost(): string {
        return this.catsService.GetAll();
    }
}

Get参数

//students.controller.ts
import { Controller, Get,Post,Query } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CatsService } from './cats.service';

@Controller('cats')
export class CatsController {
    constructor(private readonly catsService: CatsService) {}
    @Get('hehe')
    findAllGet(@Query('name') name:string): string {
        return this.catsService.GetAll(name);
    }
}
//students.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

@Injectable()
export class CatsService {
    GetAll(name?:string){
        return "get all-"+name
    }
}

Post 参数

post比较特殊需要将文本类型转换为变量类型

//str/dtos/cats.dto.ts
export class CatsDto {
    name: string;
}
//students.controller.ts
import { Body, Controller, Get,Post,Query } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CatsService } from './cats.service';
import { CatsDto } from '../dtos/cats.dto';
@Controller('cats')
export class CatsController {
    constructor(private readonly catsService: CatsService) {}
    @Post('xixi')
    findAllPost(@Body()cats:CatsDto): string {
        return this.catsService.GetAll(cats.name);
    }
}

参数的限制与转换

get请求 管道将string类型转换为number类型

//students.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';

@Injectable()
export class CatsService {
    GetAll(id:number){
        const allCats={
            1:'小明'
        }
        return allCats[id]??'not fond'
    }
}
//students.controller.ts
import { Body, Controller, Get,Post,Query,ParseIntPipe } from '@nestjs/common';
import { CatsService } from './cats.service';
import { CatsDto } from '../dtos/cats.dto';
@Controller('cats')
export class CatsController {
    constructor(private readonly catsService: CatsService) {}
    @Get('hehe')
    findAllGet(@Query('id',ParseIntPipe) id:number): string {
        return this.catsService.GetAll(id);
    }
}