@Adaptive:为生成Adaptive实例提供参数，作用域在类或方法上；

Adatpive，字面意思是个适配，但其实是个代理，它的意思是适配合适的对象处理请求。类似jdk的动态代理，因为dubbo底层会大量使用反射，出于性能考虑会默认使用javassist字节码编译生成一个adaptive拦截所有请求，然后由它基于策略动态委派合适的provider进行处理。 SPI接口会动态编译出一个adaptive，用于适配provider处理请求。用户可以自己实现一个adaptive，只需要对某个provider打上@adaptive即可，例如Dubbo自身的AdaptiveExtensionFactory类。 对于默认编译生成Adaptive的方案，需要使用@Adaptive声明接口上的哪些方法是adaptive方法，没有被声明的方法如果被请求会抛出异常非adaptive方法的异常

@SPI("cat")
public interface Animal {
    //@Adaptive({"abv","animal"})
    void export(URL url);
}

配置文件com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal为：
cat=com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Cat
dog=com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Dog
pig=com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Pig

@Adaptive({"abv","animal"})此注解的含义是在URL中找寻参数key为animal的value值，如果找到了，
就调用对应的实现类，找不到的话则默认使用 @SPI标注的接口的首字母小写的名称，
也就是animal为参数key寻找对应的value值，找不到就调用@SPI("cat")默认的cat实现类，
以上都不行则报错。

运行以下代码，

public class Demo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal animal = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Animal.class).getAdaptiveExtension();
        animal.export(URL.valueOf("http://localhost?animal1=pig"));
    }
}

代理类如下

public class Animal$Adaptive implements com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal {
    public void export(org.apache.dubbo.common.URL arg0) {
        if (arg0 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg0;
        //找到animal为cat的实现类
        String extName = url.getParameter("animal", "cat");
        //没有就报错
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal) " +
                    "name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([animal])");
        com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal extension = (com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal)
         //拿到cat对应的的实现类               
         ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(com.doukill.dubbo.adaptive2.Animal.class).getExtension(extName);
         //调用其方法
        extension.export(arg0);
    }
}

ServiceConfig类中服务启动流程中的一点源码解析

Invoker<?> invoker = PROXY_FACTORY.getInvoker(ref, (Class) interfaceClass, registryURL.addParameterAndEncoded(EXPORT_KEY, url.toFullString()));
DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker wrapperInvoker = new DelegateProviderMetaDataInvoker(invoker, this);

Exporter<?> exporter = protocol.export(wrapperInvoker);

ProxyFactory这里生成的代理类代码如下

public class ProxyFactory$Adaptive implements org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory {
    public java.lang.Object getProxy(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker arg0) throws org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException {
        if (arg0 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument == null");
        if (arg0.getUrl() == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument getUrl() == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg0.getUrl();
        String extName = url.getParameter("proxy", "javassist");
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([proxy])");
        org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory extension = (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory.class).getExtension(extName);
        return extension.getProxy(arg0);
    }

    public java.lang.Object getProxy(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker arg0, boolean arg1) throws org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException {
        if (arg0 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument == null");
        if (arg0.getUrl() == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument getUrl() == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg0.getUrl();
        String extName = url.getParameter("proxy", "javassist");
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([proxy])");
        org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory extension = (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory.class).getExtension(extName);
        return extension.getProxy(arg0, arg1);
    }

    public org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker getInvoker(java.lang.Object arg0, java.lang.Class arg1, org.apache.dubbo.common.URL arg2) throws org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException {
        if (arg2 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg2;
        String extName = url.getParameter("proxy", "javassist");
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([proxy])");
        org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory extension = (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory) ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.ProxyFactory.class).getExtension(extName);
        return extension.getInvoker(arg0, arg1, arg2);
    }
}

protocol的代理类如下（这里有个重点是

private Class<?> createAdaptiveExtensionClass() {
    String code = new AdaptiveClassCodeGenerator(type, cachedDefaultName).generate();
    ClassLoader classLoader = findClassLoader();
    org.apache.dubbo.common.compiler.Compiler compiler = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.common.compiler.Compiler.class).getAdaptiveExtension();
    return compiler.compile(code, classLoader);
}

）这里的代码的code是会找URL，如果在第一级参数中没找到，则会进入该参数类的二级方法找到getUrl的方法。

public class Protocol$Adaptive implements org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol {
    public void destroy() {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("The method public abstract void org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol.destroy() of interface org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol is not adaptive method!");
    }

    public int getDefaultPort() {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("The method public abstract int org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol.getDefaultPort() of interface org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol is not adaptive method!");
    }

    public org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Exporter export(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker arg0) throws org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException {
        if (arg0 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument == null");
        if (arg0.getUrl() == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker argument getUrl() == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg0.getUrl();
        String extName = (url.getProtocol() == null ? "dubbo" : url.getProtocol());
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol) name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([protocol])");
        org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol extension = (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol) ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol.class).getExtension(extName);
        return extension.export(arg0);
    }

    public org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Invoker refer(java.lang.Class arg0, org.apache.dubbo.common.URL arg1) throws org.apache.dubbo.rpc.RpcException {
        if (arg1 == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("url == null");
        org.apache.dubbo.common.URL url = arg1;
        String extName = (url.getProtocol() == null ? "dubbo" : url.getProtocol());
        if (extName == null)
            throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol) name from url (" + url.toString() + ") use keys([protocol])");
        org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol extension = (org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol) ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol.class).getExtension(extName);
        return extension.refer(arg0, arg1);
    }
}