[Go基础与实践踩坑 ｜ 青训营笔记]

1. 猜数：
   • 随机数种子：rand.Seed()函数已被废弃,推荐使用rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().Unix()))设置随机种子
   • 去除读取内容后缀：window读取到的一行string是以回车\r和换行\n符两部分组成的，因此需要使用input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\r\n")

package main  

import (  
    "bufio"  
    "fmt"  
    "math/rand"  
    "os"  
    "strconv"  
    "strings"  
    "time"  
)  
  
func main() {  
    maxNum := 100  
    rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().Unix()))  
    secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)  
  
    fmt.Println("Please input your guess")  
    reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)  
    for {  
        input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')  
        if err != nil {  
        fmt.Println("An error occurred while reading input. Please try again", err)  
        continue  
        }  
        input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\r\n")  
        guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input)  
        if err != nil {  
            fmt.Println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer value", err)  
            continue  
        }  
        fmt.Println("Your guess is", guess)  
        if guess > secretNumber {  
            fmt.Println("Your guess is bigger than the secret number")  
        } else if guess < secretNumber {  
            fmt.Println("Your guess is smaller than the secret number")  
        } else {  
            fmt.Println("Correct")  
            break  
        }  
    }  
}

2. 在线词典：
   • Window下复制得到的CMD命令的请求Json中双引号会出现错误：var data = strings.NewReader(^{^^trans_type^^:^^en2zh^^,^^source^^:^^good^^^})改为：var data = strings.NewReader({"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"good"})
   • struct中的Json标签是``(~那个键)包裹的，不是单引号。😢
   • 代码获取的Json中可能存在无法解析的Unicode字符，直接使用JSON转Golang Struct工具会报错。可以先使用该网站下的Unicode编码转换功能转成中文，删除无法解析的Unicode字符。

package main  
  
import (  
    "bytes"  
    "encoding/json"  
    "fmt"  
    "io"  
    "log"  
    "net/http"  
    "os"  
)  
  
type DictRequest struct {  
    TransType string `json:"trans_type"`  
    Source string `json:"source"`  
    UsreId string `json:"user_id"`  
}  
  
func query(word string) {  
    client := &http.Client{}  
    //var data = strings.NewReader(`{"trans_type":"en2zh","source":"good"}`)  
    request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}  
    buf, err := json.Marshal(request)  
    if err != nil {  
        log.Fatal(err)  
    }  
    var data = bytes.NewBuffer(buf)  
    req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)  
    if err != nil {  
        log.Fatal(err)  
    }  
    req.Header.Set("authority", "api.interpreter.caiyunai.com")  
    req.Header.Set("accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")  
    req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")  
    req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")  
    req.Header.Set("device-id", "0f0b1434e998447dd88a3f603e07eb28")  
    req.Header.Set("origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")  
    req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")  
    req.Header.Set("os-version", "")  
    req.Header.Set("referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", "^\\^Microsoft")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", "^\\^Windows^^")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")  
    req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "cross-site")  
    req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/113.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/113.0.1774.35")  
    req.Header.Set("x-authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")  
    resp, err := client.Do(req)  
    if err != nil {  
        log.Fatal(err)  
    }  
    defer resp.Body.Close()  
    bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)  
    if err != nil {  
        log.Fatal(err)  
    }  
    if resp.StatusCode != 200 {  
        log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.Status, "body", string(bodyText))  
    }  
    //fmt.Printf("%s\n", bodyText)  
    var dictResponse DictResponse  
    err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)  
    if err != nil {  
        log.Fatal(err)  
    }  
    //fmt.Printf("%#v\n", dictResponse)  
    fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)  
    for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {  
        fmt.Println(item)  
    }  
}  

func main() {  
    if len(os.Args) != 2 {  
        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD example: simpleDict hello`)  
        os.Exit(1)  
    }  
    word := os.Args[1]  
    query(word)  
}