1.4 简易Demo上手
1.4.1 猜数字游戏
通过rand.Seed设置随机数种子，生成100以内的随机数，通过bufio和reader读取输入的字符串，通过atoi函数转换为数值，然后进行判断，比较简单。
package main
import (
"bufio"
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
)
func main() {
maxNum := 100
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
secretNumber := rand.Intn(maxNum)
fmt.Println(secretNumber)
fmt.Println("请输入你猜的数字：")
reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin) // 输入
for {
input, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("输入出现错误，请重试", err)
return
}
input = strings.TrimSuffix(input, "\n") // 去除换行符
guess, err := strconv.Atoi(input) // 字符串转数字
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("转换出现错误，请重试", err)
return
}
if guess > secretNumber {
fmt.Println("大了")
} else if guess < secretNumber {
fmt.Println("小了")
} else {
fmt.Println("正确")
break
}
fmt.Println("你猜测的数字是", guess)
}
}
1.4.2 在线词典
通过游览器抓取API，先Copy as cURL，然后打开 curlconverter.com/ ，将内容粘贴进去，就会自动生成请求代码（与Postman类似）。通过 oktools.net/json2go 生成response的结构体。
代码示例（由于接口变化可能会失效，需要重新抓请求头和响应体）：
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
)
type DictRequest struct {
TransType string `json:"trans_type"`
Source string `json:"source"`
UserID string `json:"user_id"`
}
type DictResponse struct {
Rc int `json:"rc"`
Wiki struct {
} `json:"wiki"`
Dictionary struct {
Prons struct {
EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
En string `json:"en"`
} `json:"prons"`
Explanations []string `json:"explanations"`
Synonym []string `json:"synonym"`
Antonym []string `json:"antonym"`
WqxExample [][]string `json:"wqx_example"`
Entry string `json:"entry"`
Type string `json:"type"`
Related []interface{} `json:"related"`
Source string `json:"source"`
} `json:"dictionary"`
}
func query(word string) {
client := &http.Client{}
request := DictRequest{TransType: "en2zh", Source: word}
buf, err := json.Marshal(request)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
var data = bytes.NewReader(buf)
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", "https://api.interpreter.caiyunai.com/v1/dict", data)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
req.Header.Set("authority", "api.interpreter.caiyunai.com")
req.Header.Set("accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
req.Header.Set("accept-language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9")
req.Header.Set("app-name", "xy")
req.Header.Set("content-type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8")
req.Header.Set("device-id", "5c0f93dfde4138785373007fcda72e8d")
req.Header.Set("origin", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com")
req.Header.Set("os-type", "web")
req.Header.Set("referer", "https://fanyi.caiyunapp.com/")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua", `"Chromium";v="104", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="104"`)
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-mobile", "?0")
req.Header.Set("sec-ch-ua-platform", `"macOS"`)
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-dest", "empty")
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-mode", "cors")
req.Header.Set("sec-fetch-site", "cross-site")
req.Header.Set("user-agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/104.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
req.Header.Set("x-authorization", "token:qgemv4jr1y38jyq6vhvi")
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
bodyText, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
log.Fatal("bad StatusCode:", resp.StatusCode, "body", string(bodyText))
}
var dictResponse DictResponse
err = json.Unmarshal(bodyText, &dictResponse)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(word, "UK:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.En, "US:", dictResponse.Dictionary.Prons.EnUs)
for _, item := range dictResponse.Dictionary.Explanations {
fmt.Println(item)
}
}
func main() {
if len(os.Args) != 2 {
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `usage: simpleDict WORD
example: simpleDict hello
`)
os.Exit(1)
}
word := os.Args[1]
query(word)
}
运行结果：
(base) ➜ go run dict.go nice
nice UK: [nais] US: [naɪs]
a.好的;令人愉快的;精细的;狡黠的;规矩的;讲究的;文雅的;谨慎的;坏的;放肆的;浪荡的
